蕉柑硫酸钾镁肥配施效应研究
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摘要
在土壤速效钾中等、有效镁含量缺乏的蕉柑果园,设置硫酸钾镁不同配施用量处理(每667m~2施20.7、41.4、62.1、82.8kg),研究不同硫酸钾镁肥用量配施对蕉柑叶片养分含量、农艺性状、果实品质、产量和种植效益的影响。结果表明,蕉柑配施硫酸钾镁肥,其叶片钾、镁含量分别提高0.04～0.11、0.04～0.08个百分点,单株结果数增加7.8～27.5个,蕉柑维生素C含量每100g显著提高1.16～4.63mg,每667m~2产量提高106.5～478.5kg,增产4.3%～19.5%,种植效益提高7.0%～33.6%。其中每667m~2配施硫酸钾镁肥62.1kg,果实单果重最重,单株结果数最多,果实最大,果实维生素C含量最高、有机酸含量最低,获得的产量和种植效益均最高。
The effects of different rates of sulfate-potassium magnesium fertilizer include 20.7, 41.4, 62.1, 82.8 kg/667 m~2 on foliar nutrient content, agronomic characters, fruit quality, yield and planting benefit of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. tankan under medium K and deficient Mg in soil were studied. The results showed that the application of sulfate-potassium magnesium could increase the foliar content of potassium 0.04 to 0.11 percentage point and magnesium 0.04 to 0.08 percentage point, and increase the number of fruit per plant 7.8 to 27.5. The vitamin C content was increased significantly by 1.16 mg/100 g to 4.63 mg/100 g, the yield increased by 4.3% to 19.5%, and the benefit increased by 7.0% to 33.6%, respectively. With applying sulfate-potassium magnesium 62.1 kg/667 m~2, the single fruit weight was the heaviest, the number of fruit per plant was the most, the fruit was the largest, the content of vitamin C was the highest, the content of organic acid was the lowest, and the yield and the plantation income were the highest.
The effects of different rates of sulfate-potassium magnesium fertilizer include 20.7, 41.4, 62.1, 82.8 kg/667 m~2 on foliar nutrient content, agronomic characters, fruit quality, yield and planting benefit of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. tankan under medium K and deficient Mg in soil were studied. The results showed that the application of sulfate-potassium magnesium could increase the foliar content of potassium 0.04 to 0.11 percentage point and magnesium 0.04 to 0.08 percentage point, and increase the number of fruit per plant 7.8 to 27.5. The vitamin C content was increased significantly by 1.16 mg/100 g to 4.63 mg/100 g, the yield increased by 4.3% to 19.5%, and the benefit increased by 7.0% to 33.6%, respectively. With applying sulfate-potassium magnesium 62.1 kg/667 m~2, the single fruit weight was the heaviest, the number of fruit per plant was the most, the fruit was the largest, the content of vitamin C was the highest, the content of organic acid was the lowest, and the yield and the plantation income were the highest.
引文
[1]《广东农村统计年鉴》编纂委员会.广东农村统计年鉴-2017[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
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[12]宫涛,陈雅君.硫酸钾镁肥在番茄上的肥效试验[J].吉林农业科技学院学报,2007,16(4):4-6.
[13]韦家幸,蓝军群,何天春,等.硫酸钾镁肥在几种作物上的施用效应[J].南方农业学报,1998(4):178-180.
[14]李青军,张炎,胡伟,等.硫酸钾镁肥在葡萄上施用效果研究[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(11):2009-2013.
[15]黄贤贵,李清华,李昱,等.硫酸钾镁肥在西瓜上的应用效果初报[J].中国西瓜甜瓜,2005(2):15-16.
[16]姚丽贤,许潮漩,莫启安,等.荔枝钾镁肥配施技术[J].中国南方果树,2004(33):32-33.
[17]郑圣先,罗秀成,戴平安,等.钾、镁营养水平对油菜产量和养分吸收的影响[J].土壤通报,1991,22(2):87-89.
[18]Rehm G W,Sorensen R C.Effects of potassium and magnesium applied for corn grown on an irrigated sandy soil[J].Soil Science Society American Journal,1985,49:1446-1450.
[19]农业部科技办.中国南方农业中的钾[M].北京:农业出版社,1991.
[20]王火焰,王运华,吴礼树.不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜品种的硼钙营养效应[J].中国油料作物学报,1998,20(2):59-65.
[21]王火焰,王运华.不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜品种悬浮细胞的硼钙营养效应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(1):100-104.
[22]Wang H Y,Wang Y H,Du C W,et al.Effects boron and calcium supply on calcium fractionation in plants and suspension cells of rape cultivars with different boron efficiency[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2003,6(4):789-806.
[2]姚丽贤,周修冲,彭智平,等.广东省柑桔园土壤养分肥力研究[J].土壤通报,2006,37(1):41-44.
[3]戴平安,郑圣先,罗成秀,等.连续施用磷钾镁肥对红壤温州蜜柑的效应[J].中国柑橘,1993,22(1):11-13.
[4]Murthy S V K,Kotur S C.Fertilizer use efficiency in citrus,grape,banana,mango and guava as influenced by time of application and placement method[J].J.of Agric.Sci.,1998,11(4):1023-1029.
[5]谢建昌.钾与中国农业[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2000.
[6]鲁剑巍,陈防,万运帆,等.钾肥施用量对脐橙产量和品质的影响[J].果树学报,2001,18(5):272-275.
[7]Cicala C.Potassium fertilization effects on yield,fruit quality and mineral composition of“Tarocco”orange trees[J].Proceedings of the International Society of Citri culture,1992(2):8-13.
[8]秦煊南.喷施硼锌镁对提高锦橙产量和果实品质的影响[J].西南农业大学学报,1996,18(1):40-45.
[9]戴平安,刘崇群,郑圣先,等.湖南柑橘园土壤硫素及施硫效应研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(5):687-693.
[10]白木.我国推广硫酸钾镁肥的必要性、施用情况及前景[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2008(2):8-12.
[11]张树清.硫酸钾镁肥发展现状及市场前景[J].中国农资,2007(6):30-31.
[12]宫涛,陈雅君.硫酸钾镁肥在番茄上的肥效试验[J].吉林农业科技学院学报,2007,16(4):4-6.
[13]韦家幸,蓝军群,何天春,等.硫酸钾镁肥在几种作物上的施用效应[J].南方农业学报,1998(4):178-180.
[14]李青军,张炎,胡伟,等.硫酸钾镁肥在葡萄上施用效果研究[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(11):2009-2013.
[15]黄贤贵,李清华,李昱,等.硫酸钾镁肥在西瓜上的应用效果初报[J].中国西瓜甜瓜,2005(2):15-16.
[16]姚丽贤,许潮漩,莫启安,等.荔枝钾镁肥配施技术[J].中国南方果树,2004(33):32-33.
[17]郑圣先,罗秀成,戴平安,等.钾、镁营养水平对油菜产量和养分吸收的影响[J].土壤通报,1991,22(2):87-89.
[18]Rehm G W,Sorensen R C.Effects of potassium and magnesium applied for corn grown on an irrigated sandy soil[J].Soil Science Society American Journal,1985,49:1446-1450.
[19]农业部科技办.中国南方农业中的钾[M].北京:农业出版社,1991.
[20]王火焰,王运华,吴礼树.不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜品种的硼钙营养效应[J].中国油料作物学报,1998,20(2):59-65.
[21]王火焰,王运华.不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜品种悬浮细胞的硼钙营养效应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(1):100-104.
[22]Wang H Y,Wang Y H,Du C W,et al.Effects boron and calcium supply on calcium fractionation in plants and suspension cells of rape cultivars with different boron efficiency[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2003,6(4):789-806.