微生物注浆改善某金属矿尾砂性质的试验研究
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摘要
为探究微生物诱导CaCO_3沉淀固化土体技术在尾矿砂中应用的可行性,以巴氏芽孢杆菌为优势菌种,采用自行设计的固化反应发生装置,以浸泡的方式对某金属尾矿砂进行加固试验.通过三轴压缩试验测试固化前后尾砂样品力学性质,研究尾砂强度变化规律,同时测定注浆过程中不同时间段CaCO_3生成量,探讨尾砂强度与CaCO_3生成量之间关系.结果表明:在微生物注浆加固14d后,砂柱固化明显,在围压为100kPa下,砂柱直径分别为39.1,50.0,65.0mm的3种尺寸样品的最大轴向应力分别增加了3.06,3.03,2.66倍,最大剪应力分别增加了2.22,2.27,1.96倍;砂柱最大轴向应力和最大剪应力均随注浆时间的增长而增加,均随砂柱样品尺寸的增大而减小;样品中CaCO_3生成量随着固化时间的延长而增加,注浆14d砂柱CaCO_3质量分数可达7.5%左右,同尺寸样品的CaCO_3生成量越大,其三轴测试所得最大轴向应力与最大剪切应力也越大.
To explore the feasibility of the application of CaCO_3 precipitate solidified soil technology induced by microorganism on tailings sand,by using Bacillus pasteurium as the dominant strain,a self-designed curing reaction generating device was used to carry out the reinforcement test of a metal tailings by means of soaking.The mechanical properties of tailings before and after solidification were tested by triaxial compression test to study the change rule of tailing strength.Meanwhile,the production of CaCO_3 during different periods of grouting was measured to explore the relationship between the strength of tailings and the production of CaCO_3.The results show that after 14 days of microbiological grouting reinforcement,the sand column solidification is obvious.Under the confining pressure of 100 kPa,the maximumaxial stress of three sizes of sand column with diameter of 39.1 mm,50.0 mm and 65.0 mm increases by 3.06,3.03 and 2.66 times respectively,and the maximum shearing stress increases by 2.22,2.27 and 1.96 times respectively.The maximum axial stress and the maximum shear stress of the sand column rise with the increase of grouting time and fall with the increase of the size of the sand column sample.The production of CaCO_3 in the sample grows with the increase of curing time;and the CaCO_3 production accounts for around 7.5% after 14 days of grouting.The larger the production of CaCO_3 in the same size samples,the greater the maximum axial stress and the maximum shearing stress of the triaxial test.
To explore the feasibility of the application of CaCO_3 precipitate solidified soil technology induced by microorganism on tailings sand,by using Bacillus pasteurium as the dominant strain,a self-designed curing reaction generating device was used to carry out the reinforcement test of a metal tailings by means of soaking.The mechanical properties of tailings before and after solidification were tested by triaxial compression test to study the change rule of tailing strength.Meanwhile,the production of CaCO_3 during different periods of grouting was measured to explore the relationship between the strength of tailings and the production of CaCO_3.The results show that after 14 days of microbiological grouting reinforcement,the sand column solidification is obvious.Under the confining pressure of 100 kPa,the maximumaxial stress of three sizes of sand column with diameter of 39.1 mm,50.0 mm and 65.0 mm increases by 3.06,3.03 and 2.66 times respectively,and the maximum shearing stress increases by 2.22,2.27 and 1.96 times respectively.The maximum axial stress and the maximum shear stress of the sand column rise with the increase of grouting time and fall with the increase of the size of the sand column sample.The production of CaCO_3 in the sample grows with the increase of curing time;and the CaCO_3 production accounts for around 7.5% after 14 days of grouting.The larger the production of CaCO_3 in the same size samples,the greater the maximum axial stress and the maximum shearing stress of the triaxial test.
引文
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[17] IBRAHIM S,HACER B O,RECEP C,et al.Bacteria-induced cementation process in loose sand medium[J].Marine Georesources&Geotechnology.2015,33(5):403-407.
[18] BROSSI M J D L,JIMNEZ D J,CORTES-TOLALPA L,et al.Soil-derived microbial consortia enriched with different plant biomass reveal distinct players acting in lignocellulose degradation[J].Microbial Ecology,2016,71(3):616-627.
[2] IMTEAZ B,SHAHID A,SHIFULLAH K,et al.Geotechnical behavior of uranium mill tailings from Saskatchewan,Canada[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,26(3):369-375.
[3] MARTINEZ B C,DEJONG J T,GINN T R,et al.Experimental optimization of microbial-induced carbonate precipitation for soil improvement[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(4):587-598.
[4] HAMDAN N,KAVAZANJIAN J E,RITTMANN B E,et al.Carbonate mineral precipitation for soil improvementthroughmicrobialdenitrification[J].Geomicrobiology Journal,2017,34(2):139-146.
[5] WHIFFIN V S.Microbial CaCO3precipitation for the production of biocement[D].Perth:Murdoch University,2004:89-112.
[6] MITCHELL J K,SANTAMARINA J C.Biological considerations in geotechnical engineering[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(10):1222-1233.
[7] DEJONG J T,SOGA K,KAVAZANJIAN E,et al.Biogeochemical processes and geotechnical applications:Progress,opportunities and challenges[J].Geotechnique,2013,63(4):287-301.
[8]彭劼,何想,刘志明,等.低温条件下微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积加固土体的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(10):1769-1774.PENG Jie,HE Xiang,LIU Zhiming,et al.Experimental research on influence of low temperature on MICP-treated soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(10):1769-1774.
[9]刘汉龙,赵明华.地基处理研究进展[J].土木工程学报,2016,49(1):96-115.LIU Hanlong,ZHAO Minghua.Review of ground improvement technical and its application in China[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2016,49(1):96-115.
[10]程晓辉,麻强,杨钻,等.微生物灌浆加固液化砂土地基的动力反应研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(8):1486-1495.CHENG Xiaohui,MA Qiang,YANG Zuan,et al.Dynamic response of liquefiable sand foundation improved by bio-grouting[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(8):1486-1495.
[11]郭红仙,张越,程晓辉,等.微生物诱导碳酸钙技术用于水泥基材料裂缝修复和表面覆膜[J].工业建筑,2015,45(7):36-41.GUO Hongxian,ZHANG Yue,CHENG Xiaohui,et al.Crack repair and surface deposition of cementbased materials by MICP technology[J].Industrial Construction 2015,45(7):36-41.
[12]赵茜.微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀MICP固化土壤试验研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2014:41-64.ZHAO Qian.Experimental study on soil improvement using microbial induced calcite precipitation(MICP)[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2014:41-64.
[13] QABANY A A,SOGA K,SANTAMARINA C.Factors affecting efficiency of microbially induced calcite precipitation[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2012,138(8):992-1001.
[14] DEJONG J T,SOGA K,KAVAZANJIAN E,et al.Biogeochemical processes and geotechnical applications:Progress,opportunities and challenges[J].Geotechnique,2013,63(4):287-301.
[15] BURBANK M,WEAVER T,LEWIS R,et al.Geotechnical tests of sands following bioinduced calcite precipitation catalyzed by indigenous bacteria[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(1):928-936.
[16] MARTINEZ B C,DEJONG J T,GINN T R,et al.Experimental optimization of microbially-induced carbonate precipitation for soil improvement[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(4):587-598.
[17] IBRAHIM S,HACER B O,RECEP C,et al.Bacteria-induced cementation process in loose sand medium[J].Marine Georesources&Geotechnology.2015,33(5):403-407.
[18] BROSSI M J D L,JIMNEZ D J,CORTES-TOLALPA L,et al.Soil-derived microbial consortia enriched with different plant biomass reveal distinct players acting in lignocellulose degradation[J].Microbial Ecology,2016,71(3):616-627.