铀尾矿堆覆盖材料混合智能优化选择研究
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摘要
根据铀尾矿堆放射性污染物特性,建立了覆盖条件下铀尾矿堆氡迁移的动力学模型。在覆盖材料的优化选择过程中,建立了以氡析出率和成本为决策目标的多目标决策模型,该模型有效融合了免疫遗传算法与TOPSIS排优方法的优点求解多目标决策模型。通过该模型可得到氡析出率最小时,覆盖材料物理性能参数的最优值及最优覆盖材料。参数优化结果表明,氡析出率与覆盖材料孔隙度及扩散系数呈正比,与覆盖材料厚度呈反比。方案排优结果证实,使用可行解沥青进行覆盖能取得很好的环境及经济效益。
Under the condition of covering,a radon migration dynamics model of the uranium tailing pile was developed according to the characteristics of radioactive pollutants.In the process of the optimization of cover material selection,the multi-objective decision model was established which considered the radon exhalation rate and cost as decision objective.The model effectively integrated advantages of immune genetic algorithm and TOPSIS to solve the multi-objective decision model.The optimal values of physical property parameters of cover materials are obtained when the radon exhalation rate is minimal,and the optimal cover material is got by this model.The results of parameter optimization show that the radon exhalation rate is proportional to the porosity and diffusion coefficient of cover materials and inversely proportional to the thickness of cover material.The results of multi-objective optimization confirm that using the fea-sible solution-asphalt can obtain the best benefit of environment and economy.
Under the condition of covering,a radon migration dynamics model of the uranium tailing pile was developed according to the characteristics of radioactive pollutants.In the process of the optimization of cover material selection,the multi-objective decision model was established which considered the radon exhalation rate and cost as decision objective.The model effectively integrated advantages of immune genetic algorithm and TOPSIS to solve the multi-objective decision model.The optimal values of physical property parameters of cover materials are obtained when the radon exhalation rate is minimal,and the optimal cover material is got by this model.The results of parameter optimization show that the radon exhalation rate is proportional to the porosity and diffusion coefficient of cover materials and inversely proportional to the thickness of cover material.The results of multi-objective optimization confirm that using the fea-sible solution-asphalt can obtain the best benefit of environment and economy.
引文
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[13]ALY M F,ATTIA H A,MOHAMMED A M.Integrated fuzzy(GMM)-TOPSIS model for best design concept and material selection process[J].International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,Engineering and Technology,2013,2(9):1-23.
[2]庄慧娥.核废物处置中的核素迁移研究[J].原子能科学技术,1985(增刊):116-122.ZHUANG Huie.Research on radionuclide migration of nuclear waste disposal[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,1985(Suppl.):116-122(in Chinese).
[3]谢云.极低放核废物处置安全评价概述[J].四川环境,2011,30(5):54-58.XIE Yun.Summarization of safety assessment on disposal of low level radioactive wastes[J].Sichuan Environment,2011,30(5):54-58(in Chinese).
[4]王洪涛.多孔介质污染物迁移动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[5]李娜,任理.连续时间随机游动理论模拟多孔介质中溶质运移的研究进展[J].水科学进展,2012,23(6):881-886.LI Na,REN Li.An overview of continuous time random walk theory to model the behavior of solute transport in porous medium[J].Advances in Water Science,2012,23(6):881-886(in Chinese).
[6]IAEA.Decommissioning of facilities for mining and milling of radioactive ore and closeout of residues,technical reports series No.362[R].Vienna:IAEA,1994.
[7]刘菁华.活断层上覆盖层中氡迁移的数值模拟及反演拟合[D].吉林:吉林大学,2006.
[8]周长春,殷国富,胡晓兵,等.面向绿色设计的材料选择多目标优化决策[J].计算机集成制造系统,2008,14(5):1 023-1 028,1 035.ZHOU Changchun,YIN Guofu,HU Xiaobing,et al.Multi-objective optimization decision-making of material selection oriented to green design[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2008,14(5):1 023-1 028,1 035(in Chinese).
[9]张展适,李满根,杨亚新,等.硬岩型铀矿山氡辐射环境污染及治理[J].地球与环境,2007,35(3):228-232.ZHANG Zhanshi,LI Mangen,YANG Yaxin,et al.Radon contamination and control in hard rock-type uranium mines[J].Earth and Environment,2007,35(3):228-232(in Chinese).
[10]姚旭龙,胡乃联,周立辉,等.基于免疫克隆选择优化算法的地下矿山配矿[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(5):526-531.YAO Xulong,HU Nailian,ZHOU Lihui,et al.Ore blending of underground mines based on an immune clone selection optimization algorithm[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(5):526-531(in Chinese).
[11]史旭华.基于多Agent系统的人工免疫网络及其应用研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2011.
[12]LIU Ruochen,MA Chenlin,HE Fei,et al.Reference direction based immune clone algorithm for many-objective optimization[J].Frontiers of Computer Science,2014,8(4):642-655.
[13]ALY M F,ATTIA H A,MOHAMMED A M.Integrated fuzzy(GMM)-TOPSIS model for best design concept and material selection process[J].International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,Engineering and Technology,2013,2(9):1-23.