方波激励下的铁磁元件铁心损耗低频测量方法研究
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摘要
采用低频试验方法测量铁磁元件铁心损耗可以降低电源容量及试验电压等级,但是现有的低频法需要采用变频正弦波电源作为试验电源,而大容量变频正弦波电源制造难度大、成本高,所以提出一种基于低频方波的铁磁元件铁心损耗测量方法。该方法利用变频方波电源进行空载试验,利用最小二乘法原理计算计算磁滞损耗系数和涡流损耗系数,进而对铁心损耗进行折算,使得折算后的铁心损耗与工频正弦波激励下的结果有较好的一致性。并且在单相变压器上开展试验,10,15,20Hz的方波折算后的铁心损耗与50Hz正弦波实测结果的相对误差小于6.5%。结果表明,本方法折算精度高,具有工程应用价值。
Using low-frequency experimental method to measure core loss of ferromagnetic components can reduce the power capacity and testing voltage level. However, the existing low-frequency method needs a variable frequency sine-wave as the testing power supply. Considering the difficulty and cost of large-capacity frequency conversion power of sine-wave, a low-frequency method for core loss of ferromagnetic components based on square-wave excitation is proposed. This method uses the variable frequency square-wave power supply to conduct the no-load test, then convert the core loss to industrial-frequency(IF) using least square method. In addition, experiments were conducted on the single phase power transformer. Comparing conversion results which using 10,15,20 Hz with directly measured results under IF, the relative error of core loss is below 6.5%. These results show that the method proposed in this paper possesses high conversion accuracy, which is valuable in the field of engineering.
Using low-frequency experimental method to measure core loss of ferromagnetic components can reduce the power capacity and testing voltage level. However, the existing low-frequency method needs a variable frequency sine-wave as the testing power supply. Considering the difficulty and cost of large-capacity frequency conversion power of sine-wave, a low-frequency method for core loss of ferromagnetic components based on square-wave excitation is proposed. This method uses the variable frequency square-wave power supply to conduct the no-load test, then convert the core loss to industrial-frequency(IF) using least square method. In addition, experiments were conducted on the single phase power transformer. Comparing conversion results which using 10,15,20 Hz with directly measured results under IF, the relative error of core loss is below 6.5%. These results show that the method proposed in this paper possesses high conversion accuracy, which is valuable in the field of engineering.
引文
[1]JB/T 501-2006电力变压器试验导则[S].
[2]梁仕斌,文华,赵涓,等.低频变频电源测量铁磁元件伏安特性的一种补偿计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(3):125-129.
[3]GB 16847-1997保护用电流互感器暂态特性技术要求[S].
[4]DL/T 1332-2014电流互感器励磁特性现场低频试验方法测量导则[S].
[5]Hatakeyama T,Onda K.Core loss estimation of various materials magnetized with the symmetrical/asymmetrical rectangular voltage[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2014,29(12):6628-6635.
[6]Marin-Huryado A J,Rave-Restrepo S,Escobar-Mejia A.Calculation of core losses in magnetic materials under nonsinusoidal excitation[C].International Conference on Power Electronics,2016:87-91.
[7]Barg S,Ammous K,Hanen,Ammous A.An improved empirical formulation for Magnetic core losses estimation under nonsinusoidal induction[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2017,32(3):2146-2154.
[8]赵争菡,汪友华,凌跃胜,等.大容量高频变压器绕组损耗的计算与分析[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):261-264.
[9]陈萍,唐任远,佟文明,等.高功率密度永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗分布规律及其影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):1-9.
[10]律方成,郭云翔.非正弦激励下中频变压器铁损计算方法对比分析[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):808-813.
[11]Hurley W G,W?lfle W H.Transformers and inductors for power electronics:Theory,design and applications[M].John Wiley,2013:109-112.
[12]胡起凡.变压器试验技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009:267-269.
[13]Bertotti G.General properties of power losses in soft magnetic materials[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,1988,24:621-630.
[14]Boglietti A,Cavagnino A,Lazzari M,Pastorelli M.Predicting iron losses in soft magnetic materials with arbitrary voltage supply:an engineering approach[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,2003,39(2):981-989.
[15]Novak G,Koko?ar J,Nagode A,Petrovi?D C.Core-loss prediction for non-oriented electrical steels based on the Steinmetz Equation using fixed coefficients with a wide frequency range of validity[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,2015,51(4):1-1.
[16]王俊凯.基于铁心损耗补偿的铁磁元件励磁特性低频测量方法研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.
[17]张宁,李琳,魏晓光.非正弦激励下磁心损耗的计算方法及实验验证[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):225-232.
[18]Waseem A.A Practical,Accurate and very general core loss model for non-sinusoidal waveforms[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2007,22(1):30-40.
[19]Roshen W.Ferrite core loss for power magnetic compo-nents design[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,1991,27(6):4407-4415.
[20]张思光,王子民,杨洋,等.±500k V从西换流站站用变压器铁磁谐振仿真分析[J].广东电力,2017,30(3):76-80.
[21]刘天奇,刘银彬,杨玉新,等.35 k V配电网电压互感器铁磁谐振影响因素及消谐措施仿真分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2017,35(4):34-39.
[2]梁仕斌,文华,赵涓,等.低频变频电源测量铁磁元件伏安特性的一种补偿计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(3):125-129.
[3]GB 16847-1997保护用电流互感器暂态特性技术要求[S].
[4]DL/T 1332-2014电流互感器励磁特性现场低频试验方法测量导则[S].
[5]Hatakeyama T,Onda K.Core loss estimation of various materials magnetized with the symmetrical/asymmetrical rectangular voltage[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2014,29(12):6628-6635.
[6]Marin-Huryado A J,Rave-Restrepo S,Escobar-Mejia A.Calculation of core losses in magnetic materials under nonsinusoidal excitation[C].International Conference on Power Electronics,2016:87-91.
[7]Barg S,Ammous K,Hanen,Ammous A.An improved empirical formulation for Magnetic core losses estimation under nonsinusoidal induction[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2017,32(3):2146-2154.
[8]赵争菡,汪友华,凌跃胜,等.大容量高频变压器绕组损耗的计算与分析[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):261-264.
[9]陈萍,唐任远,佟文明,等.高功率密度永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗分布规律及其影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):1-9.
[10]律方成,郭云翔.非正弦激励下中频变压器铁损计算方法对比分析[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):808-813.
[11]Hurley W G,W?lfle W H.Transformers and inductors for power electronics:Theory,design and applications[M].John Wiley,2013:109-112.
[12]胡起凡.变压器试验技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009:267-269.
[13]Bertotti G.General properties of power losses in soft magnetic materials[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,1988,24:621-630.
[14]Boglietti A,Cavagnino A,Lazzari M,Pastorelli M.Predicting iron losses in soft magnetic materials with arbitrary voltage supply:an engineering approach[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,2003,39(2):981-989.
[15]Novak G,Koko?ar J,Nagode A,Petrovi?D C.Core-loss prediction for non-oriented electrical steels based on the Steinmetz Equation using fixed coefficients with a wide frequency range of validity[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,2015,51(4):1-1.
[16]王俊凯.基于铁心损耗补偿的铁磁元件励磁特性低频测量方法研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.
[17]张宁,李琳,魏晓光.非正弦激励下磁心损耗的计算方法及实验验证[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):225-232.
[18]Waseem A.A Practical,Accurate and very general core loss model for non-sinusoidal waveforms[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2007,22(1):30-40.
[19]Roshen W.Ferrite core loss for power magnetic compo-nents design[J].IEEE Trans on Magn,1991,27(6):4407-4415.
[20]张思光,王子民,杨洋,等.±500k V从西换流站站用变压器铁磁谐振仿真分析[J].广东电力,2017,30(3):76-80.
[21]刘天奇,刘银彬,杨玉新,等.35 k V配电网电压互感器铁磁谐振影响因素及消谐措施仿真分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2017,35(4):34-39.