岑巩页岩气区块高精度磁异常特征及其地质意义
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摘要
中国南方地区地表条件复杂,碳酸盐地层发育,高阻碳酸盐岩地层阻挡了地震弹性波向下穿透,难以获取构造、层位,尤其是深部可靠信息,导致常规地震勘探方法受到限制。文章基于野外高精度磁法勘探,采用数据校正、空间变换、导数转换、平滑滤波和正则化滤波等数据处理技术,分析探测对象磁性差异所引起的磁异常,对研究区磁性基底埋深进行反演计算。研究结果获得的磁性基底为与中元古界顶界相当的变质岩磁性界面,深度在2～4 km,反映了盆地内变质结晶基底的构造形态和起伏特征。另外,文章初步分析和探讨了引起磁正负异常地质要素,指出磁负异常与上扬子下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气富集区具有很好空间匹配关系。
As the surface complex conditions in southern China and high-resistance carbonate reservoir, which inhibits the seismic elastic waves from penetrating downwards, it is difficult to identify geological structure and divide target layers, especially detect reliable information about the deep burial depth. This limited the use of conventional seismic exploration methods. Based on high-precision magnetic exploration, the authors used data correction techniques such as data correction, spatial transformation, derivative conversion, smoothing filtering and regularization filtering to analyze the magnetic anomalies caused by the magnetic differences of the detected objects, and to conduct inversion calculation of the buried depth of the magnetic base in the study area. The magnetic substrate obtained in this paper is a metamorphic rock magnetic interface equivalent to the top boundary of the Mesoproterozoic, with a depth of 2 to 4 km, reflecting the structural morphology and undulation characteristics of the metamorphic crystalline basement in the basin. The geological factors causing positive and negative magnetic anomalies have been discussed. It is shown that the magnetic anomaly has a good spatial matching relationship with the shale gas enrichment area in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation.
As the surface complex conditions in southern China and high-resistance carbonate reservoir, which inhibits the seismic elastic waves from penetrating downwards, it is difficult to identify geological structure and divide target layers, especially detect reliable information about the deep burial depth. This limited the use of conventional seismic exploration methods. Based on high-precision magnetic exploration, the authors used data correction techniques such as data correction, spatial transformation, derivative conversion, smoothing filtering and regularization filtering to analyze the magnetic anomalies caused by the magnetic differences of the detected objects, and to conduct inversion calculation of the buried depth of the magnetic base in the study area. The magnetic substrate obtained in this paper is a metamorphic rock magnetic interface equivalent to the top boundary of the Mesoproterozoic, with a depth of 2 to 4 km, reflecting the structural morphology and undulation characteristics of the metamorphic crystalline basement in the basin. The geological factors causing positive and negative magnetic anomalies have been discussed. It is shown that the magnetic anomaly has a good spatial matching relationship with the shale gas enrichment area in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation.
引文
Cheng K M,Wang S Q,Dong D Z,Huang J L and Li X J.2009.Accumulation conditions of shale gas reservoirs in the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation,the Upper Yangtze region[J].Nature Gas Industry,29(5):40-44(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fishman N S.1989.Source of anomalous magnetization in area of hydrocarbon potential:Petrologic evidence from Turrassic Pruss Sandstone,Wyoming-Idaho Thrust belt[J].AAPG Bulletin,10(73):182-194.
Fan X F.2003.A summary on physical property parameters in southeastern Guizhou[J].Guizhou Geology,2(20):2-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao J T,An Z C,Gu Z W,Han W,Zhan Z J and Yao T Q.2005.Selections of the geomagnetic normal field and calculations of the geomagnetic anomalous field[J].Progress in Geophysics,48(1):56-62(in Chinese with English abstract).
Guan Z N.2005.Geomagnetic field and magnetic exploration[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1-309(in Chinese).
Leng J G,Han J H,Li F,Li P and Meng L.2014.Exploration potential of shale gas in Huayuan Block,northwest Hunan Province[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,25(4):624-631(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li X J,Hu S Y and Cheng K M.2007.Suggestions from the development of fractured shale gas in North American[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,34(4):392-400(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Q S and Wang B R.1996.Today and future of hydrocarbon reservoir exploration using micromagnetization[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,31(3):454-463(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu K and Hao T Y.2014.Application of potential field method in the unconventional oil and gas exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,29(2):786-797(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Q S.1991.Study of oil and gas exploration with magnetic method[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,10(4):89-94(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liang C,Jiang Z X,Guo L and Yang Y T.2012.Sedimentary characteristics and shale gas significance of Lower Cambrian black shale in Qianbei Area[J].Fault Block Oil and Gas Field,19(1):22-26(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nie H K,Tang X and Bian R K.2009.Controlling factors for shale gas accumulation and prediction of potential development area in shale gas reservoir of South China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,30(4):484-491(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nie Y S,Leng J G,Han J H,Sun L and Shen G C.2013.Exploration potential of shale gas in Cen’gong Block,southeastern Guizhou Province[J].Oil and Gas Geology,34(2):274-280(in Chinese with English abstract).
Sun W.2012.The study on the application of electrical prospecting of oil in Ordos Basin[D].(Master's thesis)Supervisor:Sun W.Xi’an:Chang’an University.67(in Chinese).
Sims W E,Bostick F X and Smith H W.1971.The estimation of magnetotelluric impedance tensor elements from measured data[J].Geophysics,36:538-542.
Ward S H.1980.Electrical,electromagnetic and magnetotelluric methods[J].Geophysics,45:1659-1666.
Wang R Y,Ding W L,Gong D J,Zen W T,Wang X H,Zhou X H,Li Aand Xiao Z K.2016.Development characteristics and major controlling factors of shale fractures in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation,southeastern Chongqing-northern Guizhou area[J].Acta Petrology Sinica,37(7):832-845(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang R Y,Ding W L,Zhang Y Q,Wang Z,Wang X H,He J H,Zeng W T and Dai P.2016.Analysis of developmental characteristics and dominant factors of fractures in Lower Cambrian marine shale reservoirs:A case study of Niutitang Formation in Cen’gong Block,southern China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,138:31-49.
Wang J l,Zhang L X and Jin G Y.1982.A search of magnetic exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,32(6):60-65.
Yang W C,Wang J L,Zhong H Z and Chen B.2012.Analysis of regional magnetic field and source structure in Tarim Basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,55(4):1278-1287(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang G.2011.The method research of identification and extraction of oil gravity and magnetic anomalies(Master's thesis)[D].Supervisor:Liu Z.Beijing:China University of Petroleum.118(in Chinese).
Zhang J J.2010.The research of tectonic evolution in Southern Guizhou Depression(Master's thesis)[D].Supervisor:Wang W F.Beijing:China University of Petroleum.112(in Chinese).
Zhang J C,Jin Z J and Yuang M S.2004.Reservoiring mechanism of shale gas and its distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,24(7):15-18(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao B M,Hao T Y and Xu Y.2009.Transformation and processing of magnetic anomalies in the area of low magnetic latitudes[J].Progress in Geophysics,24(1):124-130(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zou C N,Dong D Z,Wang S J,Li J Z,Li X J,Wang Y M,Li D H and Chen K M.2010.Geological characteristic formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,37(6):641-653(in Chinese with English abstract).
程克明,王世谦,董大忠,黄金亮,李新景.2009.上扬子区下寒武统筇竹寺组页岩气成藏条件[J].天然气工业,29(5):40-44.
范祥发.2003.贵州东南部岩(矿)石物性参数[J].贵州地质,2(20):2-10.
高金田,安振昌,顾左文,韩炜,詹志佳,姚同起.2005.地磁正常场的选取与地磁异常场的计算[J].地球物理学报,48(1):56-62.
管志宁.2005.地磁场与磁力勘探[M].北京:地质出版社.1-309.
冷济高,韩建辉,李飞,李鹏,孟兰.2014.湘西北地区花垣页岩气区块勘探潜力[J].天然气地球科学,25(4):624-631.
李新景,胡素云,程克明.2007.北美裂缝性页岩气勘探开发的启示[J].石油勘探与开发,34(4):392-400.
梁超,姜在兴,郭岭,杨镱婷.2012.黔北地区下寒武统黑色页岩沉积特征及页岩气意义[J].断块油气田,19(1):22-26.
刘康,郝天珧.2014.位场方法在非常规油气勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,29(2):786-797.
刘青松,王宝仁.1996.应用微磁寻找油气藏的研究现状与展望[J].石油地球物理勘探,31(3):454-463.
刘庆生.1991.磁法直接找油研究的现状和进展[J].地质科技情报,10(4):89-94.
聂海宽,唐玄,边瑞康.2009.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测[J].石油学报,30(4):484-491.
聂永生,冷济高,韩建辉,孙利,沈贵春.2013.黔东南地区岑巩页岩气区块勘探潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,34(2):274-280.
孙伟.2012.电法勘探在鄂尔多斯盆地油气勘探中的应用研究[D].(硕士论文)导师:孙伟.西安:长安大学.67.
王家林,张林祥,金国英.1982.磁测找油的探索[J].石油地球物理勘探,32(6):60-65.
王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,曾维特,王兴华,周学慧,李昂,肖子亢.2016.渝东南-黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝发育特征与主控因素分析[J].石油学报,37(7):832-845.
杨文采,王家林,钟慧智,陈冰.2012.塔里木盆地航磁场分析与磁源体结构[J].地球物理学报,55(4):1278-1287.
张刚.2011.油气重磁异常识别及提取方法研究(硕士论文)[D].导师:刘展.北京:中国石油大学.118.
张江江.2010.黔南坳陷构造演化研究(硕士论文)[D].导师:王伟锋.北京:中国石油大学.112.
张金川,金之钧,袁明生.2004.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,24(7):15-18.
赵百民,郝天珧,徐亚.2009.低纬度磁异常的转换与处理[J].地球物理学报,24(2):124-130.
邹才能,董大忠,王社教,李建忠,李新景,王玉满,李登华,程克明.2010.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,37(6):641-653.
Fishman N S.1989.Source of anomalous magnetization in area of hydrocarbon potential:Petrologic evidence from Turrassic Pruss Sandstone,Wyoming-Idaho Thrust belt[J].AAPG Bulletin,10(73):182-194.
Fan X F.2003.A summary on physical property parameters in southeastern Guizhou[J].Guizhou Geology,2(20):2-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao J T,An Z C,Gu Z W,Han W,Zhan Z J and Yao T Q.2005.Selections of the geomagnetic normal field and calculations of the geomagnetic anomalous field[J].Progress in Geophysics,48(1):56-62(in Chinese with English abstract).
Guan Z N.2005.Geomagnetic field and magnetic exploration[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1-309(in Chinese).
Leng J G,Han J H,Li F,Li P and Meng L.2014.Exploration potential of shale gas in Huayuan Block,northwest Hunan Province[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,25(4):624-631(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li X J,Hu S Y and Cheng K M.2007.Suggestions from the development of fractured shale gas in North American[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,34(4):392-400(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Q S and Wang B R.1996.Today and future of hydrocarbon reservoir exploration using micromagnetization[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,31(3):454-463(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu K and Hao T Y.2014.Application of potential field method in the unconventional oil and gas exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,29(2):786-797(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Q S.1991.Study of oil and gas exploration with magnetic method[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,10(4):89-94(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liang C,Jiang Z X,Guo L and Yang Y T.2012.Sedimentary characteristics and shale gas significance of Lower Cambrian black shale in Qianbei Area[J].Fault Block Oil and Gas Field,19(1):22-26(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nie H K,Tang X and Bian R K.2009.Controlling factors for shale gas accumulation and prediction of potential development area in shale gas reservoir of South China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,30(4):484-491(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nie Y S,Leng J G,Han J H,Sun L and Shen G C.2013.Exploration potential of shale gas in Cen’gong Block,southeastern Guizhou Province[J].Oil and Gas Geology,34(2):274-280(in Chinese with English abstract).
Sun W.2012.The study on the application of electrical prospecting of oil in Ordos Basin[D].(Master's thesis)Supervisor:Sun W.Xi’an:Chang’an University.67(in Chinese).
Sims W E,Bostick F X and Smith H W.1971.The estimation of magnetotelluric impedance tensor elements from measured data[J].Geophysics,36:538-542.
Ward S H.1980.Electrical,electromagnetic and magnetotelluric methods[J].Geophysics,45:1659-1666.
Wang R Y,Ding W L,Gong D J,Zen W T,Wang X H,Zhou X H,Li Aand Xiao Z K.2016.Development characteristics and major controlling factors of shale fractures in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation,southeastern Chongqing-northern Guizhou area[J].Acta Petrology Sinica,37(7):832-845(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang R Y,Ding W L,Zhang Y Q,Wang Z,Wang X H,He J H,Zeng W T and Dai P.2016.Analysis of developmental characteristics and dominant factors of fractures in Lower Cambrian marine shale reservoirs:A case study of Niutitang Formation in Cen’gong Block,southern China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,138:31-49.
Wang J l,Zhang L X and Jin G Y.1982.A search of magnetic exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,32(6):60-65.
Yang W C,Wang J L,Zhong H Z and Chen B.2012.Analysis of regional magnetic field and source structure in Tarim Basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,55(4):1278-1287(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang G.2011.The method research of identification and extraction of oil gravity and magnetic anomalies(Master's thesis)[D].Supervisor:Liu Z.Beijing:China University of Petroleum.118(in Chinese).
Zhang J J.2010.The research of tectonic evolution in Southern Guizhou Depression(Master's thesis)[D].Supervisor:Wang W F.Beijing:China University of Petroleum.112(in Chinese).
Zhang J C,Jin Z J and Yuang M S.2004.Reservoiring mechanism of shale gas and its distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,24(7):15-18(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao B M,Hao T Y and Xu Y.2009.Transformation and processing of magnetic anomalies in the area of low magnetic latitudes[J].Progress in Geophysics,24(1):124-130(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zou C N,Dong D Z,Wang S J,Li J Z,Li X J,Wang Y M,Li D H and Chen K M.2010.Geological characteristic formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,37(6):641-653(in Chinese with English abstract).
程克明,王世谦,董大忠,黄金亮,李新景.2009.上扬子区下寒武统筇竹寺组页岩气成藏条件[J].天然气工业,29(5):40-44.
范祥发.2003.贵州东南部岩(矿)石物性参数[J].贵州地质,2(20):2-10.
高金田,安振昌,顾左文,韩炜,詹志佳,姚同起.2005.地磁正常场的选取与地磁异常场的计算[J].地球物理学报,48(1):56-62.
管志宁.2005.地磁场与磁力勘探[M].北京:地质出版社.1-309.
冷济高,韩建辉,李飞,李鹏,孟兰.2014.湘西北地区花垣页岩气区块勘探潜力[J].天然气地球科学,25(4):624-631.
李新景,胡素云,程克明.2007.北美裂缝性页岩气勘探开发的启示[J].石油勘探与开发,34(4):392-400.
梁超,姜在兴,郭岭,杨镱婷.2012.黔北地区下寒武统黑色页岩沉积特征及页岩气意义[J].断块油气田,19(1):22-26.
刘康,郝天珧.2014.位场方法在非常规油气勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,29(2):786-797.
刘青松,王宝仁.1996.应用微磁寻找油气藏的研究现状与展望[J].石油地球物理勘探,31(3):454-463.
刘庆生.1991.磁法直接找油研究的现状和进展[J].地质科技情报,10(4):89-94.
聂海宽,唐玄,边瑞康.2009.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测[J].石油学报,30(4):484-491.
聂永生,冷济高,韩建辉,孙利,沈贵春.2013.黔东南地区岑巩页岩气区块勘探潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,34(2):274-280.
孙伟.2012.电法勘探在鄂尔多斯盆地油气勘探中的应用研究[D].(硕士论文)导师:孙伟.西安:长安大学.67.
王家林,张林祥,金国英.1982.磁测找油的探索[J].石油地球物理勘探,32(6):60-65.
王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,曾维特,王兴华,周学慧,李昂,肖子亢.2016.渝东南-黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝发育特征与主控因素分析[J].石油学报,37(7):832-845.
杨文采,王家林,钟慧智,陈冰.2012.塔里木盆地航磁场分析与磁源体结构[J].地球物理学报,55(4):1278-1287.
张刚.2011.油气重磁异常识别及提取方法研究(硕士论文)[D].导师:刘展.北京:中国石油大学.118.
张江江.2010.黔南坳陷构造演化研究(硕士论文)[D].导师:王伟锋.北京:中国石油大学.112.
张金川,金之钧,袁明生.2004.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,24(7):15-18.
赵百民,郝天珧,徐亚.2009.低纬度磁异常的转换与处理[J].地球物理学报,24(2):124-130.
邹才能,董大忠,王社教,李建忠,李新景,王玉满,李登华,程克明.2010.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,37(6):641-653.