木质素/木粉/聚乳酸复合材料的制备及其性能
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摘要
利用熔融共混的方法,以聚乳酸(PLA)为基材,填充木质素和木粉对其力学性能进行增强,通过控制木质素和木粉的比例制备了5种不同的木质素/木粉/聚乳酸复合材料。通过FTIR、XRD、TGA、SEM等测试方法研究了木质素含量、木粉含量对复合材料界面相容性、热性能、力学性能以及吸水率的影响。结果表明:以70%PLA作为基体,木质素与木粉以7∶3的质量比例填充30%到PLA中,此时复合材料的界面相容性较好,综合力学性能优异,其中拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别达到最高,为65. 59和5 916. 04 MPa,弯曲模量为124. 53 MPa;饱和吸水率表现出较好的吸水性能,为5. 72%。该研究结果对木质素/木粉/PLA复合体系的研究与应用具有一定的参考作用。
Five kinds of lignin/wood flour/poly( L-lactic acid) composite were prepared by melt blending with PLA as matrix resin,and mechanical properties were modified by lignin and wood flour filled with appropriate proportion. The effects of lignin and wood flour content on the interfacial compatibility,thermal properties,mechanical properties and water absorption of the composite were investigated by FTIR,XRD,TGA,SEM and other testing methods. The results showed that when the mass ratio of PLA was 70%,the lignin and wood flour were filled with 7∶ 3 in the matrix,the composite had the best interfacial compatibility and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties,in which the tensile strength and bending strength were up to the highest 65. 59 and 5 916. 04 MPa,the flexural modulus was 124. 53 MPa. So the saturated water absorption rate was5. 72%,showing better performance of water. The above research results were aimed at providing reference for the research and application of lignin/wood flour/PLA composite system.
Five kinds of lignin/wood flour/poly( L-lactic acid) composite were prepared by melt blending with PLA as matrix resin,and mechanical properties were modified by lignin and wood flour filled with appropriate proportion. The effects of lignin and wood flour content on the interfacial compatibility,thermal properties,mechanical properties and water absorption of the composite were investigated by FTIR,XRD,TGA,SEM and other testing methods. The results showed that when the mass ratio of PLA was 70%,the lignin and wood flour were filled with 7∶ 3 in the matrix,the composite had the best interfacial compatibility and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties,in which the tensile strength and bending strength were up to the highest 65. 59 and 5 916. 04 MPa,the flexural modulus was 124. 53 MPa. So the saturated water absorption rate was5. 72%,showing better performance of water. The above research results were aimed at providing reference for the research and application of lignin/wood flour/PLA composite system.
引文
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[24] QI X,REN Y,WANG X. New advances in the biodegradation of poly(lactic)acid[J]. International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2017,117:215-223.
[25] STLOUKAL P,PEKAˇROVS,KALENDOVA A,et al. Kinetics and mechanism of the biodegradation of PLA/clay nanocomposites during thermophilic phase of composting process[J]. Waste Management,2015,42:31-40.
[26] MUSIOM,SIKORSKA W,ADAMUS G,et al. Forensic engineering of advanced polymeric materials. Part III—biodegradation of thermoformed rigid PLA packaging under industrial composting conditions[J]. Waste Management,2016,52:69-76.
[2] GARLOTTA D. A literature review of poly(lactic acid)[J].Journal of Polymers&the Environment,2001,9(2):63-84.
[3]张志永,冯钠,李书娟,等.生物降解材料—聚乳酸改性研究进展[J].橡塑技术与装备,2007,33(7):38-41.
[4]盛敏刚,张金花,李延红.环境友好新型聚乳酸复合材料的研究及应用[J].资源开发市场,2007,23(11):1012-1014.
[5] ZHANG J F,SUN X. Mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)/starch composites compatibilized by maleic anhydride[J].Biomacromolecules,2004,5(4):1446.
[6]张琪.聚乳酸改性研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2012.
[7]吕闪闪,谭海彦,左迎峰,等.生物可降解聚乳酸基复合材料研究进展[J].化工进展,2014,33(11):2975-2981.
[8] SHOGREN R L,SELLING G,WILLETT J L. Effect of orientation on the morphology and mechanical properties of PLA/starch composite filaments[J]. Journal of Polymers and the Environment,2011,19(2):329-334.
[9] MARTIN O,AVROUS L. Poly(lactic acid):plasticization and properties of biodegradable multiphase systems[J]. Polymer,2001,42(14):6209-6219.
[10] PILLA S,GONG S,O'NEILL E,et al. Polylactide-pine wood flour composites[J]. Polymer Engineering and Science,2008,48(3):578-587.
[11] RANGARI D,VASANTHAN N. Study of strain-induced crystallization and enzymatic degradation of drawn poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)films[J]. Macromolecules,2012,45(18):7397-7403.
[12] EL-WAKIL N A. Use of lignin strengthened with modified wheat gluten in biodegradable composites[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2009,113(2):793-801.
[13]李忠正.可再生生物质资源—木质素的研究[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(1):1-7.
[14]路瑶,魏贤勇,宗志敏,等.木质素的结构研究与应用[J].化学进展,2013,25(5):838-858.
[15]罗雄飞,李新生,王哲东,等.超声活化酶解木质素用于酚醛树脂的制备[J].森林工程,2017,33(3):39-43.
[16] SONG P,CAO Z,FU S,et al. Thermal degradation and flame retardancy properties of ABS/lignin:effects of lignin content and reactive compatibilization[J]. Thermochimica Acta,2011,518(1/2):59-65.
[17]胡建鹏.基于改性工业木质素制备环境友好型木质复合材料的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2013.
[18]马灼明,李淑君,杨冬梅.酶解木质素的活化及用于酚醛树脂的制备[J].森林工程,2017,33(2):64-67.
[19]穆春玉.木质素/聚乳酸复合材料的制备与性能研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[20]陈磊,陈汉平,陆强,等.木质素结构及热解特性[J].化工学报,2014,65(9):3626-3633.
[21]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T 1040—92塑料拉伸性能试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.
[22]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T 9341—2000塑料弯曲性能试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[23]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T 1034—2008塑料吸水性的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[24] QI X,REN Y,WANG X. New advances in the biodegradation of poly(lactic)acid[J]. International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2017,117:215-223.
[25] STLOUKAL P,PEKAˇROVS,KALENDOVA A,et al. Kinetics and mechanism of the biodegradation of PLA/clay nanocomposites during thermophilic phase of composting process[J]. Waste Management,2015,42:31-40.
[26] MUSIOM,SIKORSKA W,ADAMUS G,et al. Forensic engineering of advanced polymeric materials. Part III—biodegradation of thermoformed rigid PLA packaging under industrial composting conditions[J]. Waste Management,2016,52:69-76.