WebGL技术的三维WebGIS平台研究与应用
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摘要
针对WebGIS平台上的三维技术存在着开发平台成本高、需要额外插件、扩展性差、运行速度慢,以及二、三维数据坐标易偏移和模型UV变形等问题,采用WebGL的三维引擎技术和地理信息服务技术结合构建了三维WebGIS平台,通过对WebGL场景坐标的分析,设计了基于WebGL场景坐标转换算法,实现了地理坐标转WebGL场景坐标,解决了二、三维数据坐标易偏移的问题。通过对WebGL坐标与UV面的空间关系的研究,设计了模型UV算法,建立重构面的UV计算方程,解决了模型UV变形问题。实验结果表明,本文实现的三维WebGIS平台无需产品平台依靠和额外插件,扩展性好,响应速度快,二、三维坐标数据准确,解决了坐标偏移和模型UV变形的问题,为三维WebGIS平台的开发提供了一种新的技术平台。
For the 3D technology on WebGIS platform,there are some problems such as high cost of development platform,extra plug-in,poor scalability,slow operation speed,easy offset of 2D-3D data coordinates and UV deformation of the model.In this paper,WebGL 3D engine technology and geographic information service technology are combined to build a 3D WebGIS platform.Through the analysis of WebGL scene coordinates,the WebGL scene coordinate transformation algorithm is designed to realize the transformation from geographic coordinates to WebGL scene coordinates and to solve the problem of easy offset of the 2D-3D data coordinates.By studying the spatial relationship between WebGL coordinates and the UV surface,the UV algorithm of the model is designed,and the UV calculation equation of the reconstructed surface is established to solve the UV deformation problem of the model.Experimental results show that the 3D WebGIS platform implemented in this paper does not need to rely on product platform and additional plug-ins;it has good scalability,fast response,and the accurate 2D-3D coordinate data,solves the problems of coordinate offset and model UV deformation,and provides a new technology platform for the development of 3D WebGIS platform.
For the 3D technology on WebGIS platform,there are some problems such as high cost of development platform,extra plug-in,poor scalability,slow operation speed,easy offset of 2D-3D data coordinates and UV deformation of the model.In this paper,WebGL 3D engine technology and geographic information service technology are combined to build a 3D WebGIS platform.Through the analysis of WebGL scene coordinates,the WebGL scene coordinate transformation algorithm is designed to realize the transformation from geographic coordinates to WebGL scene coordinates and to solve the problem of easy offset of the 2D-3D data coordinates.By studying the spatial relationship between WebGL coordinates and the UV surface,the UV algorithm of the model is designed,and the UV calculation equation of the reconstructed surface is established to solve the UV deformation problem of the model.Experimental results show that the 3D WebGIS platform implemented in this paper does not need to rely on product platform and additional plug-ins;it has good scalability,fast response,and the accurate 2D-3D coordinate data,solves the problems of coordinate offset and model UV deformation,and provides a new technology platform for the development of 3D WebGIS platform.
引文
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[2]黄若思,李传荣,冯磊,等.基于几何的WebGL矢量数据三维渲染技术研究术[J].遥感技术与应用,2014,29(3):463-468.
[3]李兴田,张丽萍.基于WebGL的工程制图网络虚拟模型库的开发[J].图学学报,2016,37(6):836-841.
[4]杨帆,杜凯.基于WebGL的三维虚拟地球系统设计与实现[J].地理信息世界,2016,23(2):113-118.
[5]郑华,宿景芳.面向Web的三维模型生成与处理技术[J].现代电子技术,2015,38(24):83-86.
[6]陈举平,丁建勋.矢量瓦片地图关键技术研究[J].地理空间信息,2017,15(8):44-47.
[7]朱丽萍,李洪奇,杜萌萌,等.基于WebGL的三维WebGIS场景实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2014(10):3645-3650.
[8]JENNY B,AVRIB,LIEM J.Real-time raster projection for web maps[J].International Journal of Digital Earth,2016,9(3):215-229.
[9]TU W,DING S,WU L,et al.SynBioEcoli:a comprehensive metabolism network of engineered E.coli in three dimensional visualization[J].Quantitative Biology,2017,5(1):99-104.
[10]LI P,YU XQ,WANG J.Progressive compression and transmission of 3Dmodel with WebGL[J].International Conference on Audio,2017:170-173.