从废CRT含铅玻璃中回收金属铅的机理研究
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摘要
废CRT玻璃的含铅量很高,属于危险废物,废CRT玻璃中铅的分离、提取一直是研究人员关注的焦点。通过高温熔融碳热还原工艺,在还原金属铅的同时,制取出玻璃熔块,再对玻璃熔块进行水解处理,制备水玻璃。熔融温度在1 200℃,保温时间为2 h时,金属铅的回收率可达90%以上,而残渣物中的含铅量仅为1%左右。该文对废CRT含铅玻璃中金属铅回收的工艺、技术、方法等进行了详细阐述,并从分子水平对其机理进行了分析,对废CRT含铅玻璃的减量化、资源化、无害化有重要作用。回收废CRT玻璃中的铅,能有效避免危险废物对环境和人体的危害,不仅具有重大的环境价值,也具有显著的经济效益。该研究为电子废弃物中铅的回收提供了新的思路和理论依据。
Lead content of waste CRT glass are high, CRT leaded glass belongs to hazardous waste, and the separation and extraction of lead in CRT glass has been the focus of researchers. In the process of high temperature reducing, the metal lead was recovered and the molten frit is made out at the same time. Water glass is prepared by hydrolyzing the glass. When temperature was 1 200 ℃, holding time for 2 h, the recovery rate of metallic lead can reach more than 90%, and the lead of residues contain only about 1%. In this paper, it describes metal recycling process of lead in CRT leaded glass, technology and method in details, and analysed its mechanism from the molecular level, which played an important role for reduction, harmless and recycling of the waste CRT leaded glass. Recycling the lead in waste CRT glass can effectively avoid the harm of hazardous waste on the environment and human body, not only has significant environmental value, but also has remarkable economic benefits. This study provides a new train of thought and theoretical basis for the recycling of electronic waste.
Lead content of waste CRT glass are high, CRT leaded glass belongs to hazardous waste, and the separation and extraction of lead in CRT glass has been the focus of researchers. In the process of high temperature reducing, the metal lead was recovered and the molten frit is made out at the same time. Water glass is prepared by hydrolyzing the glass. When temperature was 1 200 ℃, holding time for 2 h, the recovery rate of metallic lead can reach more than 90%, and the lead of residues contain only about 1%. In this paper, it describes metal recycling process of lead in CRT leaded glass, technology and method in details, and analysed its mechanism from the molecular level, which played an important role for reduction, harmless and recycling of the waste CRT leaded glass. Recycling the lead in waste CRT glass can effectively avoid the harm of hazardous waste on the environment and human body, not only has significant environmental value, but also has remarkable economic benefits. This study provides a new train of thought and theoretical basis for the recycling of electronic waste.
引文
[1]陈梦君,张付申,朱建新.真空碳热还原法无害化处理废弃阴极射线管锥玻璃的研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(1):156-160.Chen Mengjun,Zhang Fushen,Zhu Jianxin,et al.Detoxification of waste cathode ray tube funnel glass by vacuumaided carbothermal reduction[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2009,3(1):156-160.
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[7]胡彪,孟辰晨.废弃CRT显示器含铅玻璃处理技术的研究进展[J].安全与环境工程,2013,20(3):62-65.Hu Biao,Meng Chenchen.Research progress of treatment technology for leaded glass from discarded CRT monitors[J].Safety&Environmental Engineering,2013,20(3):62-65.
[8]Méar F,Yot P,Ribes M.Effects of temperature,reaction time and reducing agent content on the synthesis of macroporous foam glasses from waste funnel glasses[J].Materials Letters,2006,60(7):929-934.
[9]王喆,刘少卿,陈晓民,等.废旧阴极射线管(CRT)显示器玻壳进入土壤后铅的释放及转化[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1855-1859.Wang Zhe,Liu Shaoqing,Chen Xiaomin,et al.Release and transform of lead from the glass of cathode ray tube(CRT)following its entrance in the soil[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(6):1855-1859.
[10]朱建新,陈梦君,于波.废旧阴极射线管玻璃高温自蔓延处理技术[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(s2):134-137.Zhu Jianxin,Chen Mengjun,Yu Bo,et al.Recycling of scrap CRT glasses by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis[J].Rare Metal Materials&Engineering,2009,38(s2):134-137.
[11]陈梦君,朱建新,于波.含铅玻璃材料的环境风险及再生利用技术研究[J].人工晶体学报,2009(s1):383-386.Chen Mengjun,Zhu Jianxin,Yu Bo,et al.Environmental risk and recycling technology for lead-containing glass[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2009(s1):383-386.
[12]王建波,陈梦君,张付申,等.阴极射线管锥玻璃真空碳热还原除铅机理研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(4):125-128.Wang Jianbo,Chen Mengjun,Zhang Fushen,et al.Vacuum carbonthermic reduction analysis for removing lead from cathode ray tube funnel glass[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,36(4):125-128.
[13]Hu B,Zhao S,Zhang S.Removal of lead from cathode ray tube funnel glass by generating the sodium silicate[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2015(65):106-114.
[14]王鹏程,胡彪,汤桂兰,等.从废CRT含铅玻璃中熔融沉淀回收硫化铅的试验研究[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(4):48-52.Wang Pengcheng,Hu Biao,Tang Guilan,et al.Experimental study on recovery of lead sulfide by melting precipitation from waste CRT leaded glass[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2016,6(4):48-52.
[15]田西,吴玉锋,顾一帆,等.报废CRT中废铅回收的环境效益[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(2):283-290.Tian Xi,Wu Yufeng,Gu Yifan,et al.Quantitative research of environmental benefits of recycling lead from obsolete CRT[J].Research of Environmental Science,2015,28(2):283-290.
[2]Andreola F,Barbieri L,Corradi A,et al.Cathode ray tube glass recycling:an example of clean technology[J].Waste Management&Research,2005,23(4):314-321.
[3]Andreola F,Barbieri L,Corradi A,et al.CRT glass state of the art:a case study-recycling in ceramic glazes[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2007,27(2):1623-1629.
[4]Nnorom I C,Osibanjo O,Ogwuegbu M O C.Global disposal strategies for waste cathode ray tubes[J].Resources Conservation&Recycling,2011,55(3):275-290.
[5]高淑雅,郭宏伟,董晓锋,等.利用废阴极射线管制备泡沫玻璃及其性能研究[J].新型建筑材料,2007,34(9):44-46.Gao Shuya,Guo Hongwei,Dong Xiaofeng,et al.Study on preparation of foam glass from waste cathode ray tubes and its performance[J].New Building Materials,2007,34(9):44-46.
[6]刘庆锋.废弃CRT玻璃的新用途[J].科技资讯,2008(26).
[7]胡彪,孟辰晨.废弃CRT显示器含铅玻璃处理技术的研究进展[J].安全与环境工程,2013,20(3):62-65.Hu Biao,Meng Chenchen.Research progress of treatment technology for leaded glass from discarded CRT monitors[J].Safety&Environmental Engineering,2013,20(3):62-65.
[8]Méar F,Yot P,Ribes M.Effects of temperature,reaction time and reducing agent content on the synthesis of macroporous foam glasses from waste funnel glasses[J].Materials Letters,2006,60(7):929-934.
[9]王喆,刘少卿,陈晓民,等.废旧阴极射线管(CRT)显示器玻壳进入土壤后铅的释放及转化[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1855-1859.Wang Zhe,Liu Shaoqing,Chen Xiaomin,et al.Release and transform of lead from the glass of cathode ray tube(CRT)following its entrance in the soil[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(6):1855-1859.
[10]朱建新,陈梦君,于波.废旧阴极射线管玻璃高温自蔓延处理技术[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(s2):134-137.Zhu Jianxin,Chen Mengjun,Yu Bo,et al.Recycling of scrap CRT glasses by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis[J].Rare Metal Materials&Engineering,2009,38(s2):134-137.
[11]陈梦君,朱建新,于波.含铅玻璃材料的环境风险及再生利用技术研究[J].人工晶体学报,2009(s1):383-386.Chen Mengjun,Zhu Jianxin,Yu Bo,et al.Environmental risk and recycling technology for lead-containing glass[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2009(s1):383-386.
[12]王建波,陈梦君,张付申,等.阴极射线管锥玻璃真空碳热还原除铅机理研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(4):125-128.Wang Jianbo,Chen Mengjun,Zhang Fushen,et al.Vacuum carbonthermic reduction analysis for removing lead from cathode ray tube funnel glass[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,36(4):125-128.
[13]Hu B,Zhao S,Zhang S.Removal of lead from cathode ray tube funnel glass by generating the sodium silicate[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2015(65):106-114.
[14]王鹏程,胡彪,汤桂兰,等.从废CRT含铅玻璃中熔融沉淀回收硫化铅的试验研究[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(4):48-52.Wang Pengcheng,Hu Biao,Tang Guilan,et al.Experimental study on recovery of lead sulfide by melting precipitation from waste CRT leaded glass[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2016,6(4):48-52.
[15]田西,吴玉锋,顾一帆,等.报废CRT中废铅回收的环境效益[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(2):283-290.Tian Xi,Wu Yufeng,Gu Yifan,et al.Quantitative research of environmental benefits of recycling lead from obsolete CRT[J].Research of Environmental Science,2015,28(2):283-290.