再生铜行业环境管理问题的若干思考和建议
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摘要
随着我国铜冶炼(原生铜和再生铜)行业对含铜二次资源需求量的增加,集废旧资源回收、拆解和分选、二次资源出售、铜再生利用于一体的产业链逐渐发展壮大起来。然而高能耗、高污染、低质量、低产出的特点在再生铜行业依然存在,环境监管政策和标准也不健全不完善。随着人们对美丽生态环境诉求的增加,必须加强有色金属行业的环境管理。本文对再生铜行业发展和环境管理做了一些思考,特别是对再生铜行业环境管理存在的问题进行了分析,并针对问题提出了几点政策性建议,以期为我国再生铜产业的环境友好发展和环境监管提供借鉴。
With the increasing demand for secondary sources containing copper in the primary and secondary copper industry, an industrial chain are gradually developing including collecting waste recovery, dismantling and sorting and copper smelting in China. However, the characteristics such as high energy consumption, high pollution, low quality and yield, still exist in the secondary copper industry, and environmental management policies and standards are unsound and imperfect. With the increasing of people's appeal for beautiful ecological environment, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental management of the non-ferrous metal industry. In this paper, the development and environmental management of secondary copper industry are considered. In particular, the current environmental management problems in the secondary copper industry are analyzed, and then some policy suggestions in view of the problems are forwarded, in order to provide a reference for the environment-friendly development and environmental supervision of the secondary copper industry in China.
With the increasing demand for secondary sources containing copper in the primary and secondary copper industry, an industrial chain are gradually developing including collecting waste recovery, dismantling and sorting and copper smelting in China. However, the characteristics such as high energy consumption, high pollution, low quality and yield, still exist in the secondary copper industry, and environmental management policies and standards are unsound and imperfect. With the increasing of people's appeal for beautiful ecological environment, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental management of the non-ferrous metal industry. In this paper, the development and environmental management of secondary copper industry are considered. In particular, the current environmental management problems in the secondary copper industry are analyzed, and then some policy suggestions in view of the problems are forwarded, in order to provide a reference for the environment-friendly development and environmental supervision of the secondary copper industry in China.
引文
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[2]刘贻南,王岸.我国铜资源进口现状分析[J].中国国情国力, 2014(3):58-60.
[3]徐曙光,曹新元.我国主要再生有色金属的利用现状与分析[J].国土资源情报, 2006(10):1-8.
[4]中国有色金属工业协会再生金属分会. 2015年中国再生有色金属产业发展报告·再生铜篇[N].中国有色金属报, 2016-12-06(006).
[5]扈学文,赵若楠,拜冰阳,等.我国再生铜冶炼行业现状、技术发展趋势及污染预防对策[J].矿冶, 2016, 25(6):82-86.
[6]姚素平.中国再生铜冶炼技术现状与发展趋势[J].中国有色金属, 2012(2):40-41.
[7]关效民.浅谈冶金行业中火法炼铜的技术现状[J].中国高新技术企业,2012(18):19-21.
[8]宋兴诚,袁海滨,李国生.回转式阳极炉的节能减排措施和效果[J].中国有色冶金, 2016, 45(2):21-24.
[9]陈一波,曲鸿斌.阳极炉多氧燃烧技术改造[J].冶金能源, 2015, 34(2):40-43.
[10]姚素平. NGL炉精炼废杂铜工艺及其应用[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2010(6):13-15.
[11]工业和信息化部.中华人民共和国工业和信息化部公告2014年第29号铜冶炼行业规范条件[A/OL].(2014-04-14)http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146295/n1652858/n/652930/n4509607/C4512389/Content.html.
[12]环境保护部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB 25467—2010铜、镍、钴工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2010.
[13]环境保护部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB 31574—2015再生铜、铝、铅、锌工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2015.
[14]环境保护部. HJ 558—2010清洁生产标准铜冶炼业[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2010.
[15]环境保护部. HJ 559—2010清洁生产标准铜电解业[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2010.
[16]商务部,国家发展和改革委员会,公安部,等.再生资源回收管理办法[R].商务部令[2007]第8号.