气密继电器电弧等离子体热物性参数计算分析
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摘要
建立气密继电器电弧流体仿真模型的基础是获得电弧等离子体的热物性参数特性。文中为了获得在300~20 000 K温区,压强0.1、0.4、0.8、1.0 MPa,银蒸汽的比例为1%、10%、50%条件下的N_2-Ag等离子体热物性数据,通过最小吉布斯自由能模型计算了N_2-Ag等离子体的热力学特性。利用新的势能模型计算了N_2-Ag混合等离子体的碰撞积分,进而确定了N_2-Ag等离子体的输运特性。同时着重讨论了热物性特性在不同压强和不同银蒸汽含量时的演变情况。结果表明,增大压强能抑制等离子组分的分解反应和电离反应。银蒸汽含量达到50%时对N_2-Ag等离子体的热物性参数有显著影响。通过与其他文献比较,计算数据得到有效性验证,可以应用于具有银触头的气密继电器电弧等离子体的仿真建模。
The thermophysical properties of arc plasma are essential for setting up physical model of a gas sealed relay. In order to obtain the thermophysical data of N_2-Ag arc plasmas in the condition that temperature ranges from 300 to 20 000 K,pressure is 0.1,0.4,0.8 and 1.0 MPa,and proportion of Ag vapor is 1%,10% and 50%,respec-tively, the thermodynamic properties of N_2-Ag arc plasmas are calculated using Gibbs free energy minimization. New potential model is adopted to calculate collision integrals of N_2-Ag arc plasmas,thus the trans-port properties are determined. Emphasis is put on the evolution of thermophysical properties under different pres-sures and silver vapor proportions. The results indicate that increasing pressure can suppress the decomposition re-action and ion-ization reaction in arc plasmas. When the proportion of Ag vapor reaches 50%,it has a significant impact on the thermophysical properties. The data obtained in this study are validated by literatures, so they can be applied to modelling and simulation of arc plasma in gas sealed relay with silver contacts.
The thermophysical properties of arc plasma are essential for setting up physical model of a gas sealed relay. In order to obtain the thermophysical data of N_2-Ag arc plasmas in the condition that temperature ranges from 300 to 20 000 K,pressure is 0.1,0.4,0.8 and 1.0 MPa,and proportion of Ag vapor is 1%,10% and 50%,respec-tively, the thermodynamic properties of N_2-Ag arc plasmas are calculated using Gibbs free energy minimization. New potential model is adopted to calculate collision integrals of N_2-Ag arc plasmas,thus the trans-port properties are determined. Emphasis is put on the evolution of thermophysical properties under different pres-sures and silver vapor proportions. The results indicate that increasing pressure can suppress the decomposition re-action and ion-ization reaction in arc plasmas. When the proportion of Ag vapor reaches 50%,it has a significant impact on the thermophysical properties. The data obtained in this study are validated by literatures, so they can be applied to modelling and simulation of arc plasma in gas sealed relay with silver contacts.
引文
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[2]臧春艳,何俊佳,程礼椿.平衡态和非平衡态等离子体的微观模型研究[J].高压电器,2005,41(6):416-419.ZANG Chunyan,HE Junjia,CHENG Lichun.Study on microcosmic models of equilibrium and non-equilibrium plasma[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2005,41(6):416-419.
[3]林莘,王亮,徐建源,等.非平衡态双温度SF6等离子体电弧数学模型研究[J].高压电器,2015,51(3):1-7.LIN Xin,WANG Liang,XU Jianyuan,et al.Non-equilibrium dual temperature SF6plasma arc mathematical model research[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(3):1-7.
[4]舒胜文,黄道春,阮江军.真空开关电弧开断过程的数值仿真方法研究进展[J].高压电器,2014,50(2):131-138.SHU Shengwen,HUANG Daochun,RUAN Jiangjun.Review of numerical simulation methods for arc interruption process of vacuum switch[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2014,50(2):131-138.
[5]王伟宗,荣命哲,吴翊,等.平衡态与非平衡态等离子体物性参数计算模型研究[J].高压电器,2010,46(7):41-45.WANG Weizong,RONG Mingzhe,WU Yi,et al.Studies on properties calculation models of equilibrium and nonequilibrium plasma[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(7):41-45.
[6]WANG Xiaohua,ZHONG Linlin,CRESSAULT Y,et al.Thermophysical properties of SF6-Cu mixtures at temperatures of 300~30,000 K and pressures of 0.01~1.0 MPa:Part 2.Collision integrals and transport coefficients[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2014,47(49):495201-495216.
[7]袁端磊,张一茗,穆广祺,等.铜蒸气浓度对SF6-Cu高温电弧物性参数的影响[J].高压电器,2016,52(4):123-127.YUAN Duanlei,ZHANG Yiming,MU Guangqi,et al.Influence of copper concentration on physical property parameters of high-temperature SF6-Cu arc[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(4):123-127.
[8]AUBRETON J,ELCHINGER M F,ANDR魪P.Influence of partition function and interaction potential on transport properties of thermal plasmas[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2013,33(1):367-399.
[9]AUBRETON J,ELCHINGER M F,ANDR魪P.Influence of partition function and interaction potential on transport properties of thermal plasmas[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2013,33(1):367-399.
[10]WANG W Z,WU Y,RONG M Z,et al.Theoretical computation of thermophysical properties of hightemperature F2,CF4,C2F2,C2F4,C2F6,C3F6and C3F8plasmas[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2012,45(28):285201.
[11]YANG A,LIU Y,SUN B,et al.Thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of high-temperature CO2thermal plasmas mixed with C2F4[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2015,48(49):495202.
[12]COUFAL O,譕IVN譭O.Composition and thermodynamic properties of thermal plasma with condensed phases[J].The European Physical Journal D,2011,61(1):131-151.
[13]BONNIE J,MCBRIDE M J Z,GORDON S.NASA glenn coefficients for calculating thermodynamic properties of individual species[R].Washington DC:NASA,2002.
[14]LARICCHIUTA A,COLONNA G,BRUNO D,et al.Classical transport collision integrals for a lennard-jones like phenomenological model potential[J].Chemical Physics Letters,2007,445(4/6):133-139.
[15]RUSSELL D.NIST computational chemistry comparison and benchmark database,NIST standard reference database number 101 release 16a[EB/OL].http://cccbdb.nist.gov/,2015-01-01.
[16]ANDR魪P,BUSSI魬RE W,ROCHETTE D.Transport coefficients of Ag-Si O2plasmas[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2007,27(4):381-403.
[17]CAPITELLI M,GORSE C,LONGO S,et al.Collision integrals of high-temperature air species[J].Journal of Thermophysics&Heat Transfer,2000,14(2):259-268.
[18]CRAWFORD C K.Electron-Impact ionization cross sections for silver[J].The Journal of Chemical Physics,1967,47(11):4667.
[19]ROBINSON L B.Elastic scattering of low-energy electrons by atomic nitrogen and atomic oxygen[J].Physical Review,1957,105(3):922-927.
[20]TABATA T,SHIRAI T,SATAKA M,et al.Analytic cross sections for electron impact collisions with nitrogen molecules[J].Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables,2006,92(3):375-406.
[21]DEVOTO R S.Simplified expressions for the transport properties of ionized monatomic gases[J].Physics of Fluids,1967,10(10):2105.
[22]WANG Weizong,RONG Mingzhe,YAN J D,et al.Thermophysical properties of nitrogen plasmas under thermal equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions[J].Physics of Plasmas,2011,18(11):113502.
[23]MURPHY A B.Transport coefficients of plasmas in mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen[J].Chemical Physics,2012,398(1):64-72.