交直流混杂模式下变压器励磁电流谐波与箱体损耗映射研究
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摘要
电力变压器遭受直流扰动时励磁电流发生畸变,谐波含量显著增加,易导致金属构件局部损耗增大和过热。针对此问题,该文研究了变压器励磁电流谐波与箱体损耗的映射关系。基于电磁耦合原理构建交直流混杂模式下的变压器状态方程,利用端口电气信息研究励磁电流辨识方法,对励磁电流进行谐波分析,利用谐波电流有效值表征励磁饱和状态,通过仿真计算与动模实验深入分析变压器的电磁特性,并验证该方法的正确性。在此基础上进一步研究变压器在不同运行方式、直流水平及负载率时箱体的漏磁和涡流损耗分布,并总结其变化规律,通过拟合的方法构建励磁电流谐波与箱体损耗的映射关系数学模型,为交直流混杂模式下变压器构件损耗计算提供了可行方法。
Excitation current distorts and harmonic components are increasing significantly when the power transformer is impacted by DC disturbance,which causes partial loss and temperature rising in metal components,so the mapping relationship between excitation current harmonic and tank loss of transformer is studied in this paper.The state equation of transformer is constructed based on electromagnetic coupling principle in AC-DC hybrid mode,then the excitation current identification method is studied based on port electrical information.Harmonic analysis of excitation current is used to present the excitation saturation state by harmonic current RMS,furthermore,the electromagnetic characteristics of transformer are analyzed through calculation and dynamic simulation experiment,verifying the validity of this method.On this base,the leakage flux and eddy current loss in tank is simulated under different operation situation.Summarizing the variation rule of abnormal feature,the mathematical model of mapping relationship between excitation current harmonics and tank loss is fitted,which provides a feasible way for calculation of components loss in AC-DC hybrid operation.
Excitation current distorts and harmonic components are increasing significantly when the power transformer is impacted by DC disturbance,which causes partial loss and temperature rising in metal components,so the mapping relationship between excitation current harmonic and tank loss of transformer is studied in this paper.The state equation of transformer is constructed based on electromagnetic coupling principle in AC-DC hybrid mode,then the excitation current identification method is studied based on port electrical information.Harmonic analysis of excitation current is used to present the excitation saturation state by harmonic current RMS,furthermore,the electromagnetic characteristics of transformer are analyzed through calculation and dynamic simulation experiment,verifying the validity of this method.On this base,the leakage flux and eddy current loss in tank is simulated under different operation situation.Summarizing the variation rule of abnormal feature,the mathematical model of mapping relationship between excitation current harmonics and tank loss is fitted,which provides a feasible way for calculation of components loss in AC-DC hybrid operation.
引文
[1]王泽忠,谭瑞娟,臧英,等.基于串联电阻的特高压变压器空载直流偏磁计算[J].电工技术学报2017,32(8):129-137.Wang Zezhong,Tan Ruijuan,Zang Ying,et al.DC-bias calculation for UHV transformer in no-load by series resistance[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):129-137.
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[12]廖才波,阮江军,刘超,等.油浸式变压器三维电磁-流体-温度场耦合分析方法[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(9):150-155.Liao Caibo,Ruan Jiangjun,Liu Chao,et al.Comprehensive analysis of 3-D electromagneticfluid-thermal fields of oil-immersed transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(9):150-155.
[13]张艳丽,彭志华,谢德馨,等.直流偏磁下不同磁化曲线对变压器铁芯损耗仿真的影响[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):43-48.Zhang Yanli,Peng Zhihua,Xie Dexin,et al.Effect of different magnetization curves on simulation for transformer core loss under DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):43-48.
[14]潘超,王泽忠,李海龙,等.基于瞬态场路耦合模型的变压器直流偏磁计算[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):174-181.Pan Chao,Wang Zezhong,Li Hailong,et al.DC-bias calculation for single phase transformers based on transient field-circuit coupled model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(5):174-181.
[15]索南加乐,许立强,焦在滨,等.基于磁路特征的三相三柱式变压器励磁参数识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(19):97-104.Suonan Jiale,Xu Liqiang,Jiao Zaibin,et al.Identification method for excitation inductances of three-phase three-limb transformer based on characteristics of magnetic circuit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(19):97-104.
[16]刘曲.高压直流输电系统单极大地运行时地中电流分布的研究[D].北京:清华大学,2007.
[17]Liu Chunming,Liu Lianguang,Pirjola Risto Geomagnetically induced currents in the high-voltage power grid in China[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,24(4):2368-2374.
[18]潘超,孟涛,王梦纯,等.交直流混合模式下变压器动态电感参数辨识方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6315-6321.Pan Chao,Meng Tao,Wang Mengchun,et al.Identification of dynamic inductance for transformer under AC-DC hybrid mode[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6315-6321.
[2]潘超,金明权,蔡国伟,等.基于漏感辨识的变压器交直流混合运行保护方法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(4):771-780.Pan Chao,Jin Mingquan,Cai Guowei,et al.Protection for transformer in AC-DC hybrid operation mode based on leakage inductance identification[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(4):771-780.
[3]陈国栋,宋晋峰,张亮,等.动态电压恢复器注入变压器的直流偏磁抑制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):138-143.Chen Guodong,Song Jinfeng,Zhang Liang,et al Control strategy for eliminating DC magnetic flux in the injection transformer of a dynamic voltage restorer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):138-143.
[4]Pan Chao,Yi Shuangyang,Su Hao,et al.Excitationvibration harmonic response research of transformer in DC biasing operation[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2019,13(3):410-417.
[5]潘超,金明权,蔡国伟,等.基于变压器励磁电流辨识的直流失稳与抑制策略[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(18):4267-4276.Pan Chao,Jin Mingquan,Cai Guowei,et al.DCinstability and suppression strategy of transformer based on exciting-current identification[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(18):4267-4276.
[6]李长云,刘亚魁.直流偏磁时变压器铁芯的力学特性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(12):122-125.Li Changyun,Liu Yakui.Analysis of mechanical characteristics of transformer iron core with DC bias[J].Electric Powcr Automation Equipment,2015,35(12):122-125.
[7]Kosai H,Turgut Z,Bixel T,et al.Performance comparison of finemet and metglas tape cores under non-sinusoidal waveforms with DC bias[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1-4.
[8]Wang Shuaibing,Li Lin,Zhao Xiaojun,et al.Asymmetrical DC bias analysis of the no-load series transformer by using the TPFEM[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(2):169-177.
[9]李龙女,李岩,井永腾,等.电力变压器漏磁场与杂散损耗计算的研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(增刊2):122-127.Li Longnü,Li Yan,Jing Yongteng,et al.Research of leakage magnetic field and stray loss calculation in power transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(S2):122-127.
[10]陈志伟,白保东,陈德志,等.电力变压器直流偏磁现象形成机理及一种抑制措施的研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):208-214.Chen Zhiwei,Bai Baodong,Chen Dezhi,et al.Research on the formation mechanism and suppression method of transformer DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):208-214.
[11]赵志刚,程志光,刘福贵,等.基于漏磁通补偿的导磁钢板直流偏磁杂散损耗特性模拟[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):38-44.Zhao Zhigang,Cheng Zhiguang,Liu Fugui,et al.Modeling of the DC-biased stray-field loss of magnetic steel plate based on compensator of leakage flux[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(8):38-44.
[12]廖才波,阮江军,刘超,等.油浸式变压器三维电磁-流体-温度场耦合分析方法[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(9):150-155.Liao Caibo,Ruan Jiangjun,Liu Chao,et al.Comprehensive analysis of 3-D electromagneticfluid-thermal fields of oil-immersed transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(9):150-155.
[13]张艳丽,彭志华,谢德馨,等.直流偏磁下不同磁化曲线对变压器铁芯损耗仿真的影响[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):43-48.Zhang Yanli,Peng Zhihua,Xie Dexin,et al.Effect of different magnetization curves on simulation for transformer core loss under DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):43-48.
[14]潘超,王泽忠,李海龙,等.基于瞬态场路耦合模型的变压器直流偏磁计算[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):174-181.Pan Chao,Wang Zezhong,Li Hailong,et al.DC-bias calculation for single phase transformers based on transient field-circuit coupled model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(5):174-181.
[15]索南加乐,许立强,焦在滨,等.基于磁路特征的三相三柱式变压器励磁参数识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(19):97-104.Suonan Jiale,Xu Liqiang,Jiao Zaibin,et al.Identification method for excitation inductances of three-phase three-limb transformer based on characteristics of magnetic circuit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(19):97-104.
[16]刘曲.高压直流输电系统单极大地运行时地中电流分布的研究[D].北京:清华大学,2007.
[17]Liu Chunming,Liu Lianguang,Pirjola Risto Geomagnetically induced currents in the high-voltage power grid in China[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,24(4):2368-2374.
[18]潘超,孟涛,王梦纯,等.交直流混合模式下变压器动态电感参数辨识方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6315-6321.Pan Chao,Meng Tao,Wang Mengchun,et al.Identification of dynamic inductance for transformer under AC-DC hybrid mode[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6315-6321.