响应面法优化铝污泥基质去除氮磷性能研究
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摘要
文章以铝污泥和粉煤灰为主要原料,水玻璃为添加剂制备新型颗粒状铝污泥基质(GASM)。选取原料配比、添加剂比例和煅烧温度3种因素为影响因子对GASM制备的主要影响因素进行优化;制备后利用SEM和XRD对GASM进行表征并测试GASM对氮、磷污染物的去除性能。结果表明:影响因子对GASM填料性能的影响显著性顺序为煅烧温度、原料配比和添加剂比例,具体的最优制备条件为:煅烧温度约1 010℃,铝污泥与粉煤灰比例73∶27,添加剂比例11%;根据表征结果发现GASM具有发达的空隙结构,铝元素主要以结构稳定的非晶态形式存在;经过多次重复试验,得到基于GASM材料的装置对农村污水中NH3-N的最高去除率为79.56%,对污水中TN和TP的去除率总体变化趋势相似,最高去除率分别为67.76%和79.91%,结果表明GASM材料对氮、磷的去除效果较好。
A new granular aluminum sludge matrix was developed with aluminum sludge and fly ash as the main raw material and water glass as additive.The main influencing factors of the preparation of GASM were optimized by the proportion of raw materials, the proportion of additives and the sintering temperature.The GASM was characterized by SEM and XRD after preparation, and test the removal performance of GASM on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. The experiment results showed that the effect of particle matrix performance was sintering temperature > raw material ratio > additive ratio. The Optimum preparation parameter is water treatment sludge: fly ash was 73∶27, additive ratio was 11%,sintering temperature was 1 010 ℃. According to the characterization results, GASM has a developed gap structure and aluminum is mainly in the amorphous form of stable structure. After repeated experiments, the best removal rate of NH_3-N in rural sewage by GASM was 79.56%, and the removal rate of TN and TP in sewage was similar in general, with the removal rate of 67.76% and 79.91% respectively, the results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus were better removed by GASM.
A new granular aluminum sludge matrix was developed with aluminum sludge and fly ash as the main raw material and water glass as additive.The main influencing factors of the preparation of GASM were optimized by the proportion of raw materials, the proportion of additives and the sintering temperature.The GASM was characterized by SEM and XRD after preparation, and test the removal performance of GASM on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. The experiment results showed that the effect of particle matrix performance was sintering temperature > raw material ratio > additive ratio. The Optimum preparation parameter is water treatment sludge: fly ash was 73∶27, additive ratio was 11%,sintering temperature was 1 010 ℃. According to the characterization results, GASM has a developed gap structure and aluminum is mainly in the amorphous form of stable structure. After repeated experiments, the best removal rate of NH_3-N in rural sewage by GASM was 79.56%, and the removal rate of TN and TP in sewage was similar in general, with the removal rate of 67.76% and 79.91% respectively, the results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus were better removed by GASM.
引文
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[12]滕济林,李星伟,殷杰,等.废水处理新型填料的挂膜试验研究[J].电力建设,2002,23(2):54-57.Teng Jilin,Li Xingwei,Yin Jie,et al.Study and test on membrane forming of new type packing material for wastewater treatment[J].electric power construction,2002,23(2):54-57.
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[16]Peng X,Jia X.Optimization of parameters for anaerobic cometabolic degradation of TBBPA[J].Bioresour Technol,2013,148(148C):386-393.
[17]王乐乐,杨鼎宜,刘亚东,等.轻质污泥陶粒研制及其膨胀机理的探讨[J].混凝土,2013(4):40-43.Wang Lele,Yang Dingyi,Liu Yadong,et al.Preparation and expansion mechanism of light-weight sludge ceramsite[J].Concrete,2013(4):40-43.
[18]吴慧芳,胡文华.聚合氯化铝污泥吸附除磷的改性研究[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(8):1289-1294.Wu Huifang,Hu Wenhua.Adsorption removal of phosphorus from aqueous solution using modified polyaluminium chloride sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(8):1289-1294.
[19]王健,金鸣林,魏林,等.用粉煤灰制备新型水处理滤料[J].化工环保,2003,23(6):352-355.Wang Jian,Jin Minglin,Wei Lin,et al.Preparation of a new type of filtering material for water treatment from fly ash[J].Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry,2003,23(6):352-355.
[20]徐振华,刘建国,宋敏英,等.污泥、底泥与粉煤灰烧结陶粒的工艺研究[J].安全与环境学报,2012,12(4):21-26.Xu Zhenhua,Liu Jianguo,Song Minying,et al.Technological study on sintering ceramisite with sewage sludge and sediment and fly ash[J].Journal of Safety and Environmen,2012,12(4):21-26.
[21]朱翔,吴复忠,金会心.添加剂对陶粒轻集料性能的影响[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(3):641-645.Zhu Xiang,Wu Zhongzhong,Jin Huixin.Effect of additives on the performance of ceramsite concrete[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(3):641-645.
[22]Tsai C C,Wang K S,Chiou I J.Effect of SiO2-Al2O3-flux ratio change on the bloating characteristics of lightweight aggregate material produced from recycled sewage sludge[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,134(1/2/3):87-93.
[23]黄晶.脱水污泥资源化利用研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.Huang Jing.Study on the Reutilization of Municipal Sewage Sludge[D].Chongqing:Chongqing university,2009.
[24]徐振华,刘建国,宋敏英,等.温度对污泥与底泥烧结陶粒性能的影响[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1894-1900.Xu Zhenhua,Liu Jianguo,Song Minying,et al.Effect of temperature on sintering ceramisite with sewage sludge and sediment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1894-1900.
[25]孙瑞敏.我国农村生活污水排水现状分析[J].能源与环境,2010(5):33-34.Sun Ruimin.Analysis of current situation of domestic sewage drainage in rural areas of China[J].Energy and Environment,2010(5):33-34.
[26]陈晓东,常文越,王磊,等.北方人工湿地污水处理技术应用研究与示范工程[J].环境保护科学,2007,33(2):25-28.Chen Xiaodong,Chang Wenyue,Wang Lei,et al.Application study and engineering demonstration of northern constructed wetlands wastewater disposal process[J].Environmental Protection Science,2007,33(2):25-28.
[27]李建华,王宝贞.氧化塘中氮和磷的去除[J].中国环境科学,1992(4):241-244.Li Jianhua,Wang Baozhen.Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from oxidation pond[J].China Environmental Science,1992(4):241-244.
[28]张军,周琪,何蓉.表面流人工湿地中氮磷的去除机理[J].生态环境学报,2004,13(1):98-101.Zhang Jun,Zhou Qi,He Rong.Mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in free-water surface constructed wetland[J].Ecology and Environmental Science,2004,13(1):98-101.
[29]操家顺,朱文杰,李超,等.给水厂污泥作为人工湿地滤料对磷的去除效果研究[J].环境科技,2015,28(5):16-20.Cao Jiashun,Zhu Wenjie,Li Chao,et al.The research of phosphate removal by using water treatment residuals as filter materials in constructed wetlands[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2015,28(5):16-20.
[30]陈静雅,王晓昌,郑于聪,等.潮汐流人工湿地对高污染河水氮磷的去除特性[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(12):32-37.Chen Jingya,Wang Xiaochang,Zheng Yucong,et al.Characteristics of nutrients removal in tidal flow constructed wetland for highly polluted river water treatment[J].Environment Science&Technology,2017,40(12):32-37.
[2]Ahmad T,Ahmad K,Ahad A,et al.Characterization of water treatment sludge and its reuse as coagulant[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,182:606.
[3]李芳,何怀光.给水污泥作为栽培基质对土壤环境的影响[J].科技创新与应用,2015(10):9-10.Li Fang,He Huaiguang.Influence of water plant sludge as culture medium on soil environment[J].Technological Innovation and Application,2015(10):9-10.
[4]黄德志,何少先,江映翔.污水处理厂脱水污泥制作轻质陶粒添加剂的研究[J].环境科学学报,2000(S1):129-132.Huang Dezhi,He Shaoxian,Jiang Yingxiang.A lightweight aggregate additive made of de-watered sludge from city sewage plants[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2000(S1):129-132.
[5]Monteiro S N,Alexandre J,Margem J I,et al.Incorporation of sludge waste from water treatment plant into red ceramic[J].Construction&Building Materials,2008,22(6):1281-1287.
[6]李剑超,褚君达,丰华丽,等.粉煤灰在废水处理中的最新应用研究[J].电力环境保护,2001,17(4):40-42.Li Jianchao,Chu Junda,Feng Huali,et al.Recent development of fly ash application on the wastewater treatment[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2001,17(4):40-42.
[7]朱彤,许振成.人工湿地污水处理系统应用研究[J].环境科学研究,1991,4(5):17-22.Zhu Tong,Xu Zhencheng.Application of constructed wetland sewage treatment system[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,1991,4(5):17-22.
[8]邱珊.陶粒性能指标评价体系建立及净水效能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.Qiu Shan.Research of the Evaluation System of Ceramics Capability and Purification Efficiency in Water Treatment.[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.
[9]李琼辉.基于人工湿地的新型陶粒基质制备及其固磷性能的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.Li Qionghui.Preparation of the Ceramsite Substrate for Phosphorus Immobilization in Constructed Wetland[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.
[10]张亚琼,崔丽娟,李伟,等.潮汐流人工湿地的除氮效果及影响因素[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(7):1172-1178.Zhang Yaqiong,Cui Lijuan,Li Wei,et al.Depth variations and factors influencing nitrogen removal in tidal flow constructed wetlands[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(7):1172-1178.
[11]Rogerroseth.Shell sand:a new filter medium for constructed wetlands and wastewater treatment[J].Environmental Letters,2000,35(8):1335-1355.
[12]滕济林,李星伟,殷杰,等.废水处理新型填料的挂膜试验研究[J].电力建设,2002,23(2):54-57.Teng Jilin,Li Xingwei,Yin Jie,et al.Study and test on membrane forming of new type packing material for wastewater treatment[J].electric power construction,2002,23(2):54-57.
[13]徐玉林,徐明波,杨水金.XRD在无机合成中物相分析的应用[J].湖北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013(4):40-46.Xu Yulin,Xu Mingbo,Yang Shuijin.Application of X-ray powder diffraction in phase analysis of inorganic synthesis[J].Journal of Hubei Normal University:Natural Science,2013(4):40-46.
[14]马啸宙,魏东洋,马宏林,等.基于给水污泥吸附水溶液中磷的影响因素[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(8):3659-3666.Ma Xiaozhou,Wei Dongyang,Ma Honglin,et al.Influencing factors on adsorption phosphorous in aqueous solution based on alum sludge[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(8):3659-3666.
[15]高永坤,童延斌,鲁建江.响应面分析法优化造纸污泥吸附剂除磷工艺[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(5):1727-1733.Gao Yongkun,Tong Yanbin,Lu Jianjiang.Optimization of paper mill sludge adsorbent in treatment of phosphoruscontaining wastewater using response surface method[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2012,6(5):1727-1733.
[16]Peng X,Jia X.Optimization of parameters for anaerobic cometabolic degradation of TBBPA[J].Bioresour Technol,2013,148(148C):386-393.
[17]王乐乐,杨鼎宜,刘亚东,等.轻质污泥陶粒研制及其膨胀机理的探讨[J].混凝土,2013(4):40-43.Wang Lele,Yang Dingyi,Liu Yadong,et al.Preparation and expansion mechanism of light-weight sludge ceramsite[J].Concrete,2013(4):40-43.
[18]吴慧芳,胡文华.聚合氯化铝污泥吸附除磷的改性研究[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(8):1289-1294.Wu Huifang,Hu Wenhua.Adsorption removal of phosphorus from aqueous solution using modified polyaluminium chloride sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(8):1289-1294.
[19]王健,金鸣林,魏林,等.用粉煤灰制备新型水处理滤料[J].化工环保,2003,23(6):352-355.Wang Jian,Jin Minglin,Wei Lin,et al.Preparation of a new type of filtering material for water treatment from fly ash[J].Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry,2003,23(6):352-355.
[20]徐振华,刘建国,宋敏英,等.污泥、底泥与粉煤灰烧结陶粒的工艺研究[J].安全与环境学报,2012,12(4):21-26.Xu Zhenhua,Liu Jianguo,Song Minying,et al.Technological study on sintering ceramisite with sewage sludge and sediment and fly ash[J].Journal of Safety and Environmen,2012,12(4):21-26.
[21]朱翔,吴复忠,金会心.添加剂对陶粒轻集料性能的影响[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(3):641-645.Zhu Xiang,Wu Zhongzhong,Jin Huixin.Effect of additives on the performance of ceramsite concrete[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(3):641-645.
[22]Tsai C C,Wang K S,Chiou I J.Effect of SiO2-Al2O3-flux ratio change on the bloating characteristics of lightweight aggregate material produced from recycled sewage sludge[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,134(1/2/3):87-93.
[23]黄晶.脱水污泥资源化利用研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.Huang Jing.Study on the Reutilization of Municipal Sewage Sludge[D].Chongqing:Chongqing university,2009.
[24]徐振华,刘建国,宋敏英,等.温度对污泥与底泥烧结陶粒性能的影响[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1894-1900.Xu Zhenhua,Liu Jianguo,Song Minying,et al.Effect of temperature on sintering ceramisite with sewage sludge and sediment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1894-1900.
[25]孙瑞敏.我国农村生活污水排水现状分析[J].能源与环境,2010(5):33-34.Sun Ruimin.Analysis of current situation of domestic sewage drainage in rural areas of China[J].Energy and Environment,2010(5):33-34.
[26]陈晓东,常文越,王磊,等.北方人工湿地污水处理技术应用研究与示范工程[J].环境保护科学,2007,33(2):25-28.Chen Xiaodong,Chang Wenyue,Wang Lei,et al.Application study and engineering demonstration of northern constructed wetlands wastewater disposal process[J].Environmental Protection Science,2007,33(2):25-28.
[27]李建华,王宝贞.氧化塘中氮和磷的去除[J].中国环境科学,1992(4):241-244.Li Jianhua,Wang Baozhen.Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from oxidation pond[J].China Environmental Science,1992(4):241-244.
[28]张军,周琪,何蓉.表面流人工湿地中氮磷的去除机理[J].生态环境学报,2004,13(1):98-101.Zhang Jun,Zhou Qi,He Rong.Mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in free-water surface constructed wetland[J].Ecology and Environmental Science,2004,13(1):98-101.
[29]操家顺,朱文杰,李超,等.给水厂污泥作为人工湿地滤料对磷的去除效果研究[J].环境科技,2015,28(5):16-20.Cao Jiashun,Zhu Wenjie,Li Chao,et al.The research of phosphate removal by using water treatment residuals as filter materials in constructed wetlands[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2015,28(5):16-20.
[30]陈静雅,王晓昌,郑于聪,等.潮汐流人工湿地对高污染河水氮磷的去除特性[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(12):32-37.Chen Jingya,Wang Xiaochang,Zheng Yucong,et al.Characteristics of nutrients removal in tidal flow constructed wetland for highly polluted river water treatment[J].Environment Science&Technology,2017,40(12):32-37.