飞机大部件位姿调整的关键测量特征点误差控制权值计算方法
|
摘要
为了实现飞机大部件的最佳位姿调整,基于层次分析-误差评定组合方法,研究了一种应用于综合评估数字化装配中关键测量特征点的误差控制权值的计算方法。采用引入权值的最小二乘法求解大部件位姿调整量,提高装配精度。通过层次分析(AHP)方法确定关键测量特征点主观权值,误差评定法确定关键测量特征点客观权值,两者结合综合评定关键测量特征点权值。以最小装配误差为优化目标,利用权值实现多个关键测量特征点的误差分配优化。实例分析中,将超差的对接交点误差由1. 23 mm降低到了0. 72 mm,满足各个测量点的容差要求。以奇异值分解算法求解目标优化初值,采用牛顿法迭代求解,得到部件的最优位姿,并以中后机身对接为对象分析验证权值分配的合理性。
To achieve the best assembly pose of large aircraft parts,a method of the analytic hierarchy process( AHP)combined with error evaluation is proposed,which can comprehensively evaluate the weights of key points in digital assembly and solve the problems of position and posture adjustments of large parts using the least square method with weight values to improve the assembly accuracy. The AHP and error assessment method determine the subjective and objective weights of key measurement feature points, respectively. The combination of these two methods is used to evaluate the weights comprehensively,with the minimum assembly error as the optimization goal. Weight allocation is applied to optimize the allocation of errors of several key points. In the case analysis,the error of the overdraft intersection point is reduced from1. 23 mm to 0. 72 mm, which satisfies the tolerance requirement for each measurement point. The singular value decomposition algorithm is then used to calculate the initial value of the result and the Newton method is employed iteratively to obtain the optimal pose of the parts. The rationality of the weight distribution is verified through the measured data of midback fuselage docking.
To achieve the best assembly pose of large aircraft parts,a method of the analytic hierarchy process( AHP)combined with error evaluation is proposed,which can comprehensively evaluate the weights of key points in digital assembly and solve the problems of position and posture adjustments of large parts using the least square method with weight values to improve the assembly accuracy. The AHP and error assessment method determine the subjective and objective weights of key measurement feature points, respectively. The combination of these two methods is used to evaluate the weights comprehensively,with the minimum assembly error as the optimization goal. Weight allocation is applied to optimize the allocation of errors of several key points. In the case analysis,the error of the overdraft intersection point is reduced from1. 23 mm to 0. 72 mm, which satisfies the tolerance requirement for each measurement point. The singular value decomposition algorithm is then used to calculate the initial value of the result and the Newton method is employed iteratively to obtain the optimal pose of the parts. The rationality of the weight distribution is verified through the measured data of midback fuselage docking.
引文
[1]范玉青,梅中义,陶剑.大型飞机数字化制造工程[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2011.
[2]Wang Q,Ke Y,Li J,et al.A posture evaluation method for a large component with thermal deformation and its application in aircraft assembly[J].Assembly Automation,2014,34(3):275-284.
[3]Eberhart R,Kennedy J.A new optimizer using particle swarm theory[C]//International Symposium on MICROMachine and Human Science.Japan,Nagoya.IEEE,2002:39-43.
[4]王颖辉,韩先国.基于加权最小二乘法的大部件对接位姿评估算法研究[J].航空精密制造技术,2011,47(5):48-51.Wang Y H,Han X G.Research on posture evaluation algorithm based on weightedleast square for large part merging[J].Aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology,2011,47(5):48-51.
[5]张宪朝.基于变形补偿的中机身壁板调姿拟合算法[J].科技经济导刊,2016,(22):9-11.Zang X C.Middle body fuselage attitude adjustment algorithm based on deformation compensation[J].Science and Technology Economic Guide,2016,(22):9-11.
[6]倪爱晶,郑联语.基于形状误差不确定度的大尺寸测量系统优化配置方法[J].计量学报,2011,32(4):289-295.Ni A J,Zheng L Y.Optimal configuration method for large-scale measurement systems based on form error uncertainty[J].Acta Metrologica Sinica,2011,32(4):289-295.
[7]张继红,黄大贵.基于AHP法的智能制造CNC资源的优选[J].电子科技大学学报,2006,35(4):514-517.Zhang J H,Huang D G.Optimum seeking method of CNC resources based on AHP in intelligent manufacturing[J].Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2006,35(4):514-517.
[8]王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.Wang L F,Xu S B.Introduction to Analytic Hierarchy[M].Beijing:China Renmin University Press,1990.
[9]张俐,江春.基于纵向对称面重合的机身位姿求解方法[J].计量学报,2017,38(4):385-390.Zhang L,Jiang C.A new method of aircraft position and pose based on the coincidence of the symmetry plane[J].Acta MetrologicaSinica,2017,38(4):386-387.
[10]张俐,江春.一种基于飞机中轴线重合的机身对接调姿方法[P].中国,201610855465463.5,2016-10.
[2]Wang Q,Ke Y,Li J,et al.A posture evaluation method for a large component with thermal deformation and its application in aircraft assembly[J].Assembly Automation,2014,34(3):275-284.
[3]Eberhart R,Kennedy J.A new optimizer using particle swarm theory[C]//International Symposium on MICROMachine and Human Science.Japan,Nagoya.IEEE,2002:39-43.
[4]王颖辉,韩先国.基于加权最小二乘法的大部件对接位姿评估算法研究[J].航空精密制造技术,2011,47(5):48-51.Wang Y H,Han X G.Research on posture evaluation algorithm based on weightedleast square for large part merging[J].Aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology,2011,47(5):48-51.
[5]张宪朝.基于变形补偿的中机身壁板调姿拟合算法[J].科技经济导刊,2016,(22):9-11.Zang X C.Middle body fuselage attitude adjustment algorithm based on deformation compensation[J].Science and Technology Economic Guide,2016,(22):9-11.
[6]倪爱晶,郑联语.基于形状误差不确定度的大尺寸测量系统优化配置方法[J].计量学报,2011,32(4):289-295.Ni A J,Zheng L Y.Optimal configuration method for large-scale measurement systems based on form error uncertainty[J].Acta Metrologica Sinica,2011,32(4):289-295.
[7]张继红,黄大贵.基于AHP法的智能制造CNC资源的优选[J].电子科技大学学报,2006,35(4):514-517.Zhang J H,Huang D G.Optimum seeking method of CNC resources based on AHP in intelligent manufacturing[J].Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2006,35(4):514-517.
[8]王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.Wang L F,Xu S B.Introduction to Analytic Hierarchy[M].Beijing:China Renmin University Press,1990.
[9]张俐,江春.基于纵向对称面重合的机身位姿求解方法[J].计量学报,2017,38(4):385-390.Zhang L,Jiang C.A new method of aircraft position and pose based on the coincidence of the symmetry plane[J].Acta MetrologicaSinica,2017,38(4):386-387.
[10]张俐,江春.一种基于飞机中轴线重合的机身对接调姿方法[P].中国,201610855465463.5,2016-10.