大跨度矩形巷道变形破坏机制及其控制技术
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摘要
针对大跨度矩形巷道的大变形与破坏问题,以漳村煤矿+480 m水平行人大巷Ⅰ段为例,通过现场调查和理论分析研究了巷道变形破坏机理,研究发现该巷道工程地质条件差、巷道围岩所处应力水平高、设计支护形式不能适应围岩变形要求、施工管理不到位是导致该巷道变形和破坏程度严重的主要原因。结合巷道变形破坏机制,借助于工程类比、数值模拟计算等方法得到了返修巷道的锚固参数,对+480 m水平行人大巷Ⅰ段试验段巷道提出了以"整体加固+局部补强"为核心的"注浆+锚网索喷+底板锚索"的联合支护方式。应用表明:经过60 d监测,巷道两帮收敛量最大值仅为84 mm,顶底板移近量最大值仅为125 mm,围岩变形处于稳定状态,保证了巷道的正常使用。
In view of the large deformation and failure of long-span rectangular roadway, taking the I section of pedestrian roadway at +480 m level in Zhangcun Coal Mine as an example, the mechanism of roadway deformation and failure is studied through field investigation and theoretical analysis. It is found that the engineering geological conditions are poor, the stress level of roadway surrounding rock is high, the design support form cannot adapt to the deformation requirements of surrounding rock,and the construction management is not in place, which is the main reason for the serious deformation and damage of the roadway.Combined with the deformation and failure mechanism of the roadway, the anchoring parameters of the repaired roadway are obtained by means of engineering analogy and numerical simulation,and the joint support method of "grouting + anchor net cable spray + floor anchor cable"with the core of "integral reinforcement + local reinforcement"was proposed for the roadway of section I of the +480 m horizontal pedestrian tunnel. The application shows that after 60 days of monitoring, the maximum convergence of the two sides is only 84 mm, and the maximum distance between the top and bottom panels is only 125 mm. The surrounding rock deformation is in a stable state, which ensures the normal use of the roadway.
In view of the large deformation and failure of long-span rectangular roadway, taking the I section of pedestrian roadway at +480 m level in Zhangcun Coal Mine as an example, the mechanism of roadway deformation and failure is studied through field investigation and theoretical analysis. It is found that the engineering geological conditions are poor, the stress level of roadway surrounding rock is high, the design support form cannot adapt to the deformation requirements of surrounding rock,and the construction management is not in place, which is the main reason for the serious deformation and damage of the roadway.Combined with the deformation and failure mechanism of the roadway, the anchoring parameters of the repaired roadway are obtained by means of engineering analogy and numerical simulation,and the joint support method of "grouting + anchor net cable spray + floor anchor cable"with the core of "integral reinforcement + local reinforcement"was proposed for the roadway of section I of the +480 m horizontal pedestrian tunnel. The application shows that after 60 days of monitoring, the maximum convergence of the two sides is only 84 mm, and the maximum distance between the top and bottom panels is only 125 mm. The surrounding rock deformation is in a stable state, which ensures the normal use of the roadway.
引文
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[3]余伟健,冯涛,王卫军,等.南方复杂条件下的薄煤层开采巷道围岩支护问题及对策[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(10):2370-2379.
[4] 973计划(2013CB227900)“西部煤炭高强度开采下地质灾害防治与环境保护基础研究”项目组.西部煤炭高强度开采下地质灾害防治理论与方法研究进展[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(2):267-275.
[5]孟庆彬,韩立军,齐彪,等.复杂地质条件下巷道过断层关键技术研究及应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(2):199-207.
[6]卢军明.桁架锚杆在大跨度巷道顶板加固中的应用[J].中州煤炭,2006(5):57.
[7]张柯.大跨度高地压破碎煤巷支护及机理研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2003.
[8]阚甲广,张农,李桂臣,等.深井大跨度切眼施工方式研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(2):163.
[9]张向东,李庆文,黄开勇,等.采动影响下大跨度煤巷耦合支护技术研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):60-68.
[10]韩立军,蒋斌松,贺永年.构造复杂区域巷道控顶卸压原理与支护技术实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(2):5499-5504.
[11]柏建彪,王襄禹,贾明魁,等.深部软岩巷道支护原理及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(5):632-635.
[12]何满潮.世纪之交软岩工程技术现状与展望[C]∥中国CSRM软岩工程专业委员会第二届学术大会论文集).北京:煤炭工业出版社,1999.
[13]廖保明,宋毅,邢存恩,等.基于等效椭圆法确定大跨度矩形巷道锚杆(索)支护参数[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(6):22-25.
[14]余伟健,王卫军,黄文忠,等.高应力软岩巷道变形与破坏机制及返修控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(4):614-623.
[15]曾佑富,伍永平,来兴平,等.复杂条件下大断面巷道顶板冒落失稳分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(4):423-427.