摘要
根据苜蓿浅埋式滴灌的发展需求,针对滴头埋深、流量等因素对滴灌湿润体发展的影响规律开展了室内试验研究。利用新疆阿勒泰地区青河县阿苇灌区苜蓿浅埋式滴灌试验区的沙壤土,对不同滴头埋深和流量,开展浅埋式滴灌条件下土壤湿润锋的发展过程、湿润锋特征值变化等试验。设置了5、10、15 cm共3个滴头埋深处理,滴灌流量控制在0.8~2.5 L/h不等。结果表明,不同埋深不同流量下零通量面湿润锋形状近似为椭圆;湿润锋的水平、垂向运移距离分别随入渗时间的增长而增大,且均与入渗时间呈幂函数关系;湿润锋水平、垂向运移距离的比值随滴头埋深增加而增大;湿润锋水平纵向运移距离随垂向深度增加呈现先增后减的趋势,纵向运移距离与垂向深度呈二次函数关系。上述结果对于浅埋式滴灌参数设计具有参考价值。
The paper aims to carry out a laboratory test on the influence of emitter depth and the flow on the development of wet body in drip irrigation, according to the development demand of alfalfa shallow drip irrigation. Using sandy loam from shallow drip irrigation experimental zone of alfalfa in Awei Irrigation district,Qinghe County, Alay area, Xinjiang, the authors carried out the test on the development process and characteristics variation of wetting front in shallow drip irrigation aiming at different dripper depth and flow,and set 3 dripper depth treatments of 5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm, the flow ranged from 0.8-2.5 L/h. The results showed that: the wetting front shape of 0 flux surface under different depth and flow was approximately elliptic;the horizontal and vertical migration distance of wetting front increased with the infiltration time respectively and there was power function relationship between horizontal and vertical migration distance of wetting front and infiltration time; the ratio of horizontal and vertical migration distance of wetting front increased with the increasing of dripper depth; the vertical migration distance of wetting front first increased then decreased with the increasing vertical depth, the vertical migration distance and vertical depth had a quadratic function relationship. The above results have reference value for the parameters design of shallow drip irrigation.
引文
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