铸态和挤压态生物医用Mg-Zn-Y-Zr-Ca合金在不同温度下的显微组织与力学性能（英文）
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摘要
对一种新型生物医用镁合金Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca分别在270,300和330°C下进行铸造和挤出实验。通过拉伸试验、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能量色散光谱、X射线衍射技术、透射电子显微镜和电子背散射衍射研究铸态和不同挤出参数下挤压态合金的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,270°C挤压态合金具有最佳的综合力学性能,其极限拉伸强度和伸长率分别达到315MPa和26%,这与晶粒细化、较弱的基底织构和第二相强化有关。经热挤压后,Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca合金出现大量动态再结晶。连续的Mg_3YZn_6相带逐渐分裂成不连续的链状或点状结构,且晶粒分布更均匀。挤压态Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca合金呈(0001)基面平行于挤出方向的弱织构特征。
A type of biomedical magnesium alloy Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca was cast and extruded at three extrusion temperatures of 270, 300 and 330 °C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the cast and extruded alloys, tailored at different extrusion parameters, were investigated using tensile tests, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction. Optimum comprehensive mechanical properties are achieved in the alloy extruded at 270 °C, the ultimate tensile strength and the elongation reach 315 MPa and 26%, respectively, which is deemed to be associated with the grain refinement, weak basal texture and second phases strengthening. After hot extrusion, extensive dynamic recrystallization is found in the Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca alloy. Continuous Mg_3YZn_6 phase bands are gradually broken into discontinuous chain-like or dot-like structures, and the grains distribute more uniformly. The as-extruded Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca alloy exhibits a weak texture with(0001) basal planes parallel to the extrusion direction.
A type of biomedical magnesium alloy Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca was cast and extruded at three extrusion temperatures of 270, 300 and 330 °C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the cast and extruded alloys, tailored at different extrusion parameters, were investigated using tensile tests, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction. Optimum comprehensive mechanical properties are achieved in the alloy extruded at 270 °C, the ultimate tensile strength and the elongation reach 315 MPa and 26%, respectively, which is deemed to be associated with the grain refinement, weak basal texture and second phases strengthening. After hot extrusion, extensive dynamic recrystallization is found in the Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca alloy. Continuous Mg_3YZn_6 phase bands are gradually broken into discontinuous chain-like or dot-like structures, and the grains distribute more uniformly. The as-extruded Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca alloy exhibits a weak texture with(0001) basal planes parallel to the extrusion direction.
引文
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[15]SUN Yu,ZHANG Bao-ping,WANG Yin,GENG Lin,JIAO Xiao-hui.Preparation and characterization of a new biomedical Mg-Zn-Ca alloy[J].Materials&Design,2012,34:58-64.
[16]HUANG Hua,TIAN Yuan,YUAN Guang-yin,CHEN Chun-lin,WANG Zhong-chang,DING Wen-jiang,INOUE A.Dislocations in icosahedral quasicrystalline phase embedded in hot-deformed Mg alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,658:483-487.
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[20]MUHAMMAD S,LOTHAR W.Influence of extrusion parameters on microstructure and texture developments,and their effects on mechanical properties of the magnesium alloy AZ80[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2009,506:141-147.
[21]ZENG X Q,ZHANG Y,LU C,DING W J,WANG Y X,ZHU Y P.Precipitation behavior and mechanical properties of a Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy processed by thermo-mechanical treatment[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2005,395:213-219.
[22]XU D K,LIU L,XU Y B,HAN E H.Effect of microstructure and texture on the mechanical properties of the as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2007,443:248-256.
[23]ZENG Rong-chang,CUI Lan-yue,KE Wei.Biomedical magnesium alloys:Composition,microstructure and corrosion[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2018,54(9):1215-1235.
[24]ELSAYED F R,SASAKI T T,OHKUBO T,TAKAHASHI H,XU SW,KAMADO S,HONO K.Effect of extrusion conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of microalloyed Mg-Sn-Al-Zn alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2013,588:318-328.
[25]XU C,NAKATA T,QIAO X G,JIANG H S,SUN WT,CHI Y C,ZHENG M Y,KAMADO S.Effect of extrusion parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7.5Gd-2.5Y-3.5Zn-0.9Ca-0.4Zr(wt%)alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2017,685:159-167.
[26]MIAO Hong-wei,HUANG Hua,SHI Yong-juan,ZHANG Hua,PEIJia,YUAN Guang-yin.Effects of solution treatment before extrusion on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion of Mg-Zn-Gd alloy in vitro[J].Corrosion Science,2017,122:90-99.
[27]XU S W,ZHENG M Y,KAMADO S,WU K,WANG G J,LV X Y.Dynamic microstructural changes during hot extrusion and mechanical properties of a Mg-5.0Zn-0.9Y-0.16Zr(wt.%)alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2011,528:4055-4067.
[28]WANG Wan-hua,WANG Hong-xia,LIU Yi-ming,NIE Hui-hui,CHENG Wei-li.Effect of SiC nanoparticles addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of ECAPed Mg9Al-1Si alloy[J].Journal of Materials Research,2017,32(3):615-623.
[29]LI Wei-jian,DENG Kun-kun,ZHANG Xiao,NIE Kai-bo,XUFang-jun.Effect of ultra-slow extrusion speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Zn-0.5Ca alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,677:367-375.
[30]PENG Jian,ZHONG Li-ping,WANG Yong-jian,LU Yun,PANFu-sheng.Effect of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of Mg-2.0Zn-1.0Mn-0.2Ce alloys[J].Materials&Design,2015,87:914-919.
[31]KOIKE J,KOBAYASHI T,MUKAI T,WATANABE H,SUZUKI M,MARUYAMA K,HIGASHI K.The activity of non-basal slip systems and dynamic recovery at room temperature in fine-grained AZ31B magnesium alloys[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(7):2055-2065.
[32]SUN Hong-fei,LI Cheng-jie,FANG Wen-bin.Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3.0Zn-0.2Ca-0.5Yalloy by extrusion at various temperatures[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,229:633-640.
[33]JUDIT M,PABLO P,GERARDO G,PALOMA A.Effects of calcium,manganese and cerium-rich mischmetal additions on the mechanical properties of extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloy reinforced by quasicrystalline I-phase[J].Materials Characterization,2017,129:195-206.
[34]CHEN X M,LI L T,CHEN W Z,ZHANG W C,ZHANG L X,QIAO Y D,WANG E D.Fine-grained structure and recrystallization at ambient temperature for pure magnesium subjected to large cold plastic deformation[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2017,708:351-359.
[35]LU Xing,ZHAO Guo-qun,ZHOU Ji-xue,ZHANG Cun-sheng,CHEN Liang,TANG Shou-qiu.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3.0Zn-1.0Sn-0.3Mn-0.3Ca alloy extruded at different temperatures[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,732:257-269.
[36]CHEN Chao,CHEN Ji-hua,YAN Hong-ge,SU Bin,SONG Min,ZHU Su-qin.Dynamic precipitation,microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-5Zn-1Mn alloy sheets prepared by high strain-rate rolling[J].Materials&Design,2016,100:58-66.
[37]DU Y Z,QIAO X G,ZHENG M Y,WU K,XU S W.Development of high-strength,low-cost wrought Mg-2.5mass%Zn alloy through micro-alloying with Ca and La[J].Materials&Design,2015,85:549-557.
[38]LI Cheng-jie,SUN Hong-fei,LI Xue-wen,ZHANG Jun-ling,FANGWen-bin,TAN Ze-yi.Microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of Mg-3.0Zn-0.2Ca alloys fabricated by extrusion at various temperatures[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,652:122-131.
[39]WANG Cui-ju,DENG Kun-kun,NIE Kai-bo,SHANG Shuan-jun,LIANG Wei.Competition behavior of the strengthening effects in as-extruded AZ91 matrix:Influence of preexisted Mg17Al12 phase[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,656:102-110.
[40]WANG F L,BHATTACHARYYA JISHNU J,AGNEW SEAN R.Effect of precipitate shape and on Orowan strengthening of non-basal slip modes in hexagonal crystals,application to magnesium alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,666:114-122.
[2]FRANK W,NORBERT H,CARLA V,SMADAR C,ULRICH K K,REGINE W,FRANK F.Degradable biomaterials based on magnesium corrosion[J].Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science,2008,12(5-6):63-72.
[3]LI Ji-lin.CHEN Rong-shi.MA Yue-qun.KE Wei.Effect of Zr modification on solidification behavior and mechanical properties of Mg-Y-RE(WE54)alloy[J].Journal of Magnesium and Alloys,2013,1(4):346-351.
[4]YUAN Guang-yin,ZHANG Xiao-bo,NIU Jia-lin,TAO Hai-rong,CHEN Dao-yun,HE Yao-hua,JIANG Yao,DING Wen-jiang.Research progress of new type of degradable biomedical magnesium alloys JDBM[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2011,21(10):2476-2488.(in Chinese)
[5]GU X N,GUO H M,WANG F,LU Y,LIN W T,LI J,ZHENG Y F,FAN Y B.Degradation,hemolysis,and cytotoxicity of silane coatings on biodegradable magnesium alloy[J].Materials Letters,2017,193:266-269.
[6]MENSAHDARKWA K,GUPTA R K,KUMAR D.Mechanical and corrosion properties of magnesium-hydroxyapatite(Mg-HA)composite thin films[J].Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2013,29(9):788-794.
[7]MERT F.Wear behaviour of hot rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy as candidate for biodegradable implant material[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2017,27:2598-2606.
[8]TONG L B,LI X,ZHANG D P,CHENG L R,MENG J,ZHANG HJ.Dynamic recrystallization and texture evolution of Mg-Y-Zn alloy during hot extrusion process[J].Materials Characterization,2014,92:77-83.
[9]PARK S H,SUN Y B,MISHRA RAJA K,SACHDEV ANIL K.Effects of extrusion parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-(Mn)-Ce/Gd alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2013,583(10):25-35.
[10]PARK S S,YOU B S,YOON D J.Effect of the extrusion conditions on the texture and mechanical properties of indirect-extruded Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(18):5940-5943.
[11]ZHANG B P,GENG L,HUANG L J,ZHANG X X,DONG C C.Enhanced mechanical properties in fine-grained Mg-1.0Zn-0.5Ca alloys prepared by extrusion at different temperatures[J].Scripta Materialia,2010,63(10):1024-1027.
[12]MIRZADEH H,ROOSTAEI M,PARSA M H,MAHMUDI R.Rate controlling mechanisms during hot deformation of Mg-3Gd-1Zn magnesium alloy:Dislocation glide and climb,dynamic recrystallization,and mechanical twinning[J].Materials&Design,2015,68:228-231.
[13]HAMED M.Constitutive analysis of Mg-Al-Zn magnesium alloys during hot deformation[J].Mechanics of Materials,2014,77:80-85.
[14]DU Zhi-ming,WANG Da-yu,ZHANG Hong-juan.Influence of hot extrusion process on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr magnesium alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2018,47(6):1655-1661.
[15]SUN Yu,ZHANG Bao-ping,WANG Yin,GENG Lin,JIAO Xiao-hui.Preparation and characterization of a new biomedical Mg-Zn-Ca alloy[J].Materials&Design,2012,34:58-64.
[16]HUANG Hua,TIAN Yuan,YUAN Guang-yin,CHEN Chun-lin,WANG Zhong-chang,DING Wen-jiang,INOUE A.Dislocations in icosahedral quasicrystalline phase embedded in hot-deformed Mg alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,658:483-487.
[17]LIU Yong,YUAN Guang-yin,DING Wen-jiang,LU Cheng.Deformation behavior of Mg-Zn-Gd-based alloys reinforced with quasicrystal and Laves phases at elevated temperatures[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2007,427:160-165.
[18]CHAMANARA M,EBRAHIMI G R,EZATPOUR H R.Deformation behavior and processing maps of Mg-Zn-Y alloy containing I phase at elevated temperatures[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2018,28:629-641.
[19]BAE D H,LEE M H,KIM K T,KIM W T,KIM D H.Application of quasicrystalline particles as a strengthening phase in Mg-Zn-Yalloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2002,342:445-450.
[20]MUHAMMAD S,LOTHAR W.Influence of extrusion parameters on microstructure and texture developments,and their effects on mechanical properties of the magnesium alloy AZ80[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2009,506:141-147.
[21]ZENG X Q,ZHANG Y,LU C,DING W J,WANG Y X,ZHU Y P.Precipitation behavior and mechanical properties of a Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy processed by thermo-mechanical treatment[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2005,395:213-219.
[22]XU D K,LIU L,XU Y B,HAN E H.Effect of microstructure and texture on the mechanical properties of the as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2007,443:248-256.
[23]ZENG Rong-chang,CUI Lan-yue,KE Wei.Biomedical magnesium alloys:Composition,microstructure and corrosion[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2018,54(9):1215-1235.
[24]ELSAYED F R,SASAKI T T,OHKUBO T,TAKAHASHI H,XU SW,KAMADO S,HONO K.Effect of extrusion conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of microalloyed Mg-Sn-Al-Zn alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2013,588:318-328.
[25]XU C,NAKATA T,QIAO X G,JIANG H S,SUN WT,CHI Y C,ZHENG M Y,KAMADO S.Effect of extrusion parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7.5Gd-2.5Y-3.5Zn-0.9Ca-0.4Zr(wt%)alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2017,685:159-167.
[26]MIAO Hong-wei,HUANG Hua,SHI Yong-juan,ZHANG Hua,PEIJia,YUAN Guang-yin.Effects of solution treatment before extrusion on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion of Mg-Zn-Gd alloy in vitro[J].Corrosion Science,2017,122:90-99.
[27]XU S W,ZHENG M Y,KAMADO S,WU K,WANG G J,LV X Y.Dynamic microstructural changes during hot extrusion and mechanical properties of a Mg-5.0Zn-0.9Y-0.16Zr(wt.%)alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2011,528:4055-4067.
[28]WANG Wan-hua,WANG Hong-xia,LIU Yi-ming,NIE Hui-hui,CHENG Wei-li.Effect of SiC nanoparticles addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of ECAPed Mg9Al-1Si alloy[J].Journal of Materials Research,2017,32(3):615-623.
[29]LI Wei-jian,DENG Kun-kun,ZHANG Xiao,NIE Kai-bo,XUFang-jun.Effect of ultra-slow extrusion speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Zn-0.5Ca alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,677:367-375.
[30]PENG Jian,ZHONG Li-ping,WANG Yong-jian,LU Yun,PANFu-sheng.Effect of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of Mg-2.0Zn-1.0Mn-0.2Ce alloys[J].Materials&Design,2015,87:914-919.
[31]KOIKE J,KOBAYASHI T,MUKAI T,WATANABE H,SUZUKI M,MARUYAMA K,HIGASHI K.The activity of non-basal slip systems and dynamic recovery at room temperature in fine-grained AZ31B magnesium alloys[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(7):2055-2065.
[32]SUN Hong-fei,LI Cheng-jie,FANG Wen-bin.Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3.0Zn-0.2Ca-0.5Yalloy by extrusion at various temperatures[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,229:633-640.
[33]JUDIT M,PABLO P,GERARDO G,PALOMA A.Effects of calcium,manganese and cerium-rich mischmetal additions on the mechanical properties of extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloy reinforced by quasicrystalline I-phase[J].Materials Characterization,2017,129:195-206.
[34]CHEN X M,LI L T,CHEN W Z,ZHANG W C,ZHANG L X,QIAO Y D,WANG E D.Fine-grained structure and recrystallization at ambient temperature for pure magnesium subjected to large cold plastic deformation[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2017,708:351-359.
[35]LU Xing,ZHAO Guo-qun,ZHOU Ji-xue,ZHANG Cun-sheng,CHEN Liang,TANG Shou-qiu.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3.0Zn-1.0Sn-0.3Mn-0.3Ca alloy extruded at different temperatures[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,732:257-269.
[36]CHEN Chao,CHEN Ji-hua,YAN Hong-ge,SU Bin,SONG Min,ZHU Su-qin.Dynamic precipitation,microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-5Zn-1Mn alloy sheets prepared by high strain-rate rolling[J].Materials&Design,2016,100:58-66.
[37]DU Y Z,QIAO X G,ZHENG M Y,WU K,XU S W.Development of high-strength,low-cost wrought Mg-2.5mass%Zn alloy through micro-alloying with Ca and La[J].Materials&Design,2015,85:549-557.
[38]LI Cheng-jie,SUN Hong-fei,LI Xue-wen,ZHANG Jun-ling,FANGWen-bin,TAN Ze-yi.Microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of Mg-3.0Zn-0.2Ca alloys fabricated by extrusion at various temperatures[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,652:122-131.
[39]WANG Cui-ju,DENG Kun-kun,NIE Kai-bo,SHANG Shuan-jun,LIANG Wei.Competition behavior of the strengthening effects in as-extruded AZ91 matrix:Influence of preexisted Mg17Al12 phase[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,656:102-110.
[40]WANG F L,BHATTACHARYYA JISHNU J,AGNEW SEAN R.Effect of precipitate shape and on Orowan strengthening of non-basal slip modes in hexagonal crystals,application to magnesium alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,666:114-122.