陕西镇巴—重庆城口锰矿沉积环境及成矿作用
|
摘要
系统采集陕西镇巴-重庆城口锰矿富集区典型锰矿床容矿岩石样品,采用元素地球化学方法研究该区域锰矿沉积环境和成矿作用。微量元素地球化学指标Th/U、Ni/Co、Ce/La、V/Sc、Cd、Mo分析显示:震旦系陡山沱期,自北西陕西镇巴至南东重庆城口沉积环境总体具有从氧化向还原变化的趋势。元素和氧化物富集效应的构造环境分析显示:镇巴至城口一带为大陆边缘向深海洋盆过渡带,其中镇巴地区为浅海或海陆过渡带,受气候及海平面升降影响明显,环境条件易发生变化,形成的锰矿物种类较多,并且多为氧化条件下形成;城口地区沉积水位较深,属于半深海至深海过渡带,沉积环境受海平面升降、气候、物源影响小,沉积环境稳定,形成的锰矿物较为单一,主要为菱锰矿。
The samples of ore bearing rocks of the typical manganese ore deposits have been collected from the metallogenic belt of Zhenba,Shanxi to Chengkou,Chongqing.The method of element geochemistry is taken to study the sedimentary environment and mineralization.Based on the analysis of the element geochemistry index of Th/U,Ni/Co,Ce/La,V/Sc,Cd and Mo,it can be concluded that the sedimentary environment changes from oxidation in Zhenba region to reduction in Chengkou region in the Doushantuo Stage of Sinian Period.In the tectonic environment,the area of Zhenba to Chengkou belongs to the continental margin and deep ocean.The Zhenba area is shallow sea or land sea transition zone,influenced easily by the climate and sea-level change,where much of manganese minerals were formed under the oxidation condition.On the other hand,Chengkou is in the semi-deep sea to deep sea region,which have stable sedimentary environment,and form rhodochrosite.
The samples of ore bearing rocks of the typical manganese ore deposits have been collected from the metallogenic belt of Zhenba,Shanxi to Chengkou,Chongqing.The method of element geochemistry is taken to study the sedimentary environment and mineralization.Based on the analysis of the element geochemistry index of Th/U,Ni/Co,Ce/La,V/Sc,Cd and Mo,it can be concluded that the sedimentary environment changes from oxidation in Zhenba region to reduction in Chengkou region in the Doushantuo Stage of Sinian Period.In the tectonic environment,the area of Zhenba to Chengkou belongs to the continental margin and deep ocean.The Zhenba area is shallow sea or land sea transition zone,influenced easily by the climate and sea-level change,where much of manganese minerals were formed under the oxidation condition.On the other hand,Chengkou is in the semi-deep sea to deep sea region,which have stable sedimentary environment,and form rhodochrosite.
引文
[1]万平益,罗锋.重庆市城口锰矿地质特征与成因及成矿远景分析[J].中国锰业,2000,18(3):5-8.
[2]王润锁.浅析陕西省镇巴屈家山锰矿Ⅵ号矿体赋存特征[J].中国锰业,2001,19(4):18-19.
[3]郑发模.城口震旦系岩石学特征及沉积环境分析[J].成都地质学院学报,1990,17(4):81-89.
[4]赵东旭.川北高燕锰矿的锰质岩类型和生物成矿作用[J].岩石学报,1994,10(2):171-183.
[5]付修根,朱利东,熊永柱,等.重庆城口高燕锰矿的生物标志物特征及意义[J].沉积学报,2004,22(4):614-620.
[6]Rogers J J W,Adams J A S.Handbook of thorium and uranium geochemistry[M].Beijing:Atomic Press,1976.
[7]Wignall P B,Twitchett R J.Oceanic anoxia and the end Permian mass extinction[J].Science,1996,272:1155-1158.
[8]Kimura H,Watanabe Y.Ocean anoxia at the PrecambrianCambrian boundary[J].Geology,2001,29:995-998.
[9]Steiner M,Wallis E,Erdtmann B D,et al.Submarine-hydrothermal exhalative ore layers in black shales from South China and associated fossil:Insights into a Lower Cambrian facies and bio-evolution[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2001,169:165-191.
[10]腾格尔,刘文汇,徐永昌,等.缺氧环境及地球化学判识标志的探讨:以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):365-372.
[11]杨兴莲,朱茂炎,赵元龙,等.黔东前寒武纪-寒武纪转换时期微量元素地球化学特征研究[J].地质学报,2007,81(10):1391-1397.
[12]Jones B,Manning A C.Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones[J].Chemical Geology,1994,111(2):111-129.
[13]Tribovillard N,Algeo T J,Lyons T,et al.Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies:An update[J].Chemical Geology,2006,232(1/2):12-32.
[14]Morse J W,Luther III G W.Chemical influences on trace metal-sulfide interactions in anoxic sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1999,63(19/20):3373-3378.
[15]Rosenthal Y,Lam P,Boyle E A,et al.Authigenic cadmium enrichments in suboxic sediments:Precipitation and postdepositional mobility[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1995,132(1/4):99-111.
[16]Huerta-Diaz M A,Morse J W.Pyritisation of trace metals in anoxic marine sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2681-2702.
[17]柏道远,周亮,王先辉,等.湘东南南华系-寒武系砂岩地球化学特征及对华南新元古代-早古生代构造背景的制约[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):755-771.
[18]Elderfield H,Greaves M J.The rare earth elements in seawater[J].Nature,1982,296:214-219.
[19]Calvert S E,Piper D Z.Geochemistry of ferromanganese nodules from DOMES site a,Northern Equatorial Pacific:Multiple diagenetic metal sources in the deep sea[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1984,48(10):1913-1928.
[20]Emerson S R,Huested S S.Ocean anoxia and the concentrations of molybdenum and vanadium in seawater[J].Marine Chemistry,1991,34(3/4):177-196.
[21]Calvert S E,Pedersen T F.Geochemistry of recent oxic and anoxic sediments:Implications for the geological record[J].Marine Geology,1993,113:67-88.
[22]Morford J L,Emerson S.The geochemistry of redox sensitive trace metals in sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1999,63(11/12):1735-1750.
[23]Vorlicek T P,Helz G R.Catalysis by mineral surfaces:Implications for Mo geochemistry in anoxic environments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2002,66(21):3679-3692.
[24]McManus J,N?gler T F,Siebert C,et al.Oceanic molybdenum isotope fractionation:Diagenesis and hydrothermal ridge-flank alteration[J].Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2002,3(12):1-9.
[25]Piper D Z.Seawater as the source of minor elements in black shales,phosphorites,and other sedimentary rocks[J].Chemical Geology,1994,114(1/2):95-114.
[26]Crusius J,Calvert S,Pedersen T,et al.Rhenium and molybdenum enrichments in sediments as indicators of oxic,sbuoxic and anoxic conditions of deposition[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1996,145(1):65-78.
[27]Murray R W.Chemical criteria to identify the depositional environment of chert:General principles and applications[J].Sedimentary Geology,1994,90(3/4):213-232.
[28]凌云,马志鑫,杨弘忠,等.重庆秀山南华纪大塘坡期沉积相分析与锰矿成矿[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(6):150-156.
[2]王润锁.浅析陕西省镇巴屈家山锰矿Ⅵ号矿体赋存特征[J].中国锰业,2001,19(4):18-19.
[3]郑发模.城口震旦系岩石学特征及沉积环境分析[J].成都地质学院学报,1990,17(4):81-89.
[4]赵东旭.川北高燕锰矿的锰质岩类型和生物成矿作用[J].岩石学报,1994,10(2):171-183.
[5]付修根,朱利东,熊永柱,等.重庆城口高燕锰矿的生物标志物特征及意义[J].沉积学报,2004,22(4):614-620.
[6]Rogers J J W,Adams J A S.Handbook of thorium and uranium geochemistry[M].Beijing:Atomic Press,1976.
[7]Wignall P B,Twitchett R J.Oceanic anoxia and the end Permian mass extinction[J].Science,1996,272:1155-1158.
[8]Kimura H,Watanabe Y.Ocean anoxia at the PrecambrianCambrian boundary[J].Geology,2001,29:995-998.
[9]Steiner M,Wallis E,Erdtmann B D,et al.Submarine-hydrothermal exhalative ore layers in black shales from South China and associated fossil:Insights into a Lower Cambrian facies and bio-evolution[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2001,169:165-191.
[10]腾格尔,刘文汇,徐永昌,等.缺氧环境及地球化学判识标志的探讨:以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):365-372.
[11]杨兴莲,朱茂炎,赵元龙,等.黔东前寒武纪-寒武纪转换时期微量元素地球化学特征研究[J].地质学报,2007,81(10):1391-1397.
[12]Jones B,Manning A C.Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones[J].Chemical Geology,1994,111(2):111-129.
[13]Tribovillard N,Algeo T J,Lyons T,et al.Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies:An update[J].Chemical Geology,2006,232(1/2):12-32.
[14]Morse J W,Luther III G W.Chemical influences on trace metal-sulfide interactions in anoxic sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1999,63(19/20):3373-3378.
[15]Rosenthal Y,Lam P,Boyle E A,et al.Authigenic cadmium enrichments in suboxic sediments:Precipitation and postdepositional mobility[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1995,132(1/4):99-111.
[16]Huerta-Diaz M A,Morse J W.Pyritisation of trace metals in anoxic marine sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2681-2702.
[17]柏道远,周亮,王先辉,等.湘东南南华系-寒武系砂岩地球化学特征及对华南新元古代-早古生代构造背景的制约[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):755-771.
[18]Elderfield H,Greaves M J.The rare earth elements in seawater[J].Nature,1982,296:214-219.
[19]Calvert S E,Piper D Z.Geochemistry of ferromanganese nodules from DOMES site a,Northern Equatorial Pacific:Multiple diagenetic metal sources in the deep sea[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1984,48(10):1913-1928.
[20]Emerson S R,Huested S S.Ocean anoxia and the concentrations of molybdenum and vanadium in seawater[J].Marine Chemistry,1991,34(3/4):177-196.
[21]Calvert S E,Pedersen T F.Geochemistry of recent oxic and anoxic sediments:Implications for the geological record[J].Marine Geology,1993,113:67-88.
[22]Morford J L,Emerson S.The geochemistry of redox sensitive trace metals in sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1999,63(11/12):1735-1750.
[23]Vorlicek T P,Helz G R.Catalysis by mineral surfaces:Implications for Mo geochemistry in anoxic environments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2002,66(21):3679-3692.
[24]McManus J,N?gler T F,Siebert C,et al.Oceanic molybdenum isotope fractionation:Diagenesis and hydrothermal ridge-flank alteration[J].Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2002,3(12):1-9.
[25]Piper D Z.Seawater as the source of minor elements in black shales,phosphorites,and other sedimentary rocks[J].Chemical Geology,1994,114(1/2):95-114.
[26]Crusius J,Calvert S,Pedersen T,et al.Rhenium and molybdenum enrichments in sediments as indicators of oxic,sbuoxic and anoxic conditions of deposition[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1996,145(1):65-78.
[27]Murray R W.Chemical criteria to identify the depositional environment of chert:General principles and applications[J].Sedimentary Geology,1994,90(3/4):213-232.
[28]凌云,马志鑫,杨弘忠,等.重庆秀山南华纪大塘坡期沉积相分析与锰矿成矿[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(6):150-156.