施硒对花生镉吸收与抗性及化学形态的影响
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摘要
采用温室盆栽试验,研究了低镉(Cadmium,Cd)浓度与高Cd浓度条件下,施硒(Selenium,Se)对花生生长、抗逆生理、Cd吸收积累及Cd在花生植株中形态的影响。结果表明,不同Cd条件下施Se均显著影响花生生物量。施Se可以缓解细胞膜的损害,降低丙二醛的积累。Cd胁迫抑制了花生的光合作用,随Se浓度增大,花生叶片光合速率呈现先升高后降低的趋势。Cd污染条件下,随施Se浓度增大,花生叶片及根系Cd含量先降低后升高,且在Se浓度为0.25 mg·kg~(-1)时效果最显著。在低Cd处理(3 mg·kg~(-1))和高Cd处理(30 mg·kg~(-1))条件下,施加0.25 mg·kg~(-1)Se使花生地上部分及根系Cd含量分别下降了12.71%、46.13%和21.29%、36.00%。花生植株中Cd形态以氯化钠提取态(FNaCl)、醋酸提取态(FHAc)和水提取态(FW)为主要形态。施Se处理可提高花生根部FHAc和FW提取态Cd的分配比例。研究结果显示,适量施Se可有效降低花生植株体内活性态Cd的比例,减少Cd的吸收。
This paper investigates the influence of selenium on growth,physiological resistance,accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium(Cd)in peanuts under varied treatments of Cd(0,3,30 mg·kg~(-1))through a series of experiments. Results showed that,application of Se influences peanut biomass significantly for all different Cd levels,and Se amendment decreased the accumulation of MDA and cell membrane damage. Cd stress significantly reduced the net photosynthesis rate of peanuts,and the net rate of photosynthesis first increased and then decreased with increasing Se levels. Under Cd pollution(3,30 mg·kg~(-1)),Cd concentrations in the peanut plants first decreased,then increased with increasing Se levels. The lowest Cd concentration in peanuts occured when treated with 0.25 mg·kg~(-1) Se application. When soil Cd concentrations were 3 mg·kg~(-1) and 30 mg·kg~(-1),Cd concentrations in the shoots and roots decreased by 12.71%,46.13% and21.29%,36.00%,respectively,under 0.25 mg·kg~(-1) Se treatment. Na Cl,HAc,and water-extractable Cd were predominant in peanuts. Application of Se increased HAc and water-extractable Cd. Results showed that moderate Se application could effectively inhibit Cd activity and decrease Cd transportation and accumulation in peanut plants.
This paper investigates the influence of selenium on growth,physiological resistance,accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium(Cd)in peanuts under varied treatments of Cd(0,3,30 mg·kg~(-1))through a series of experiments. Results showed that,application of Se influences peanut biomass significantly for all different Cd levels,and Se amendment decreased the accumulation of MDA and cell membrane damage. Cd stress significantly reduced the net photosynthesis rate of peanuts,and the net rate of photosynthesis first increased and then decreased with increasing Se levels. Under Cd pollution(3,30 mg·kg~(-1)),Cd concentrations in the peanut plants first decreased,then increased with increasing Se levels. The lowest Cd concentration in peanuts occured when treated with 0.25 mg·kg~(-1) Se application. When soil Cd concentrations were 3 mg·kg~(-1) and 30 mg·kg~(-1),Cd concentrations in the shoots and roots decreased by 12.71%,46.13% and21.29%,36.00%,respectively,under 0.25 mg·kg~(-1) Se treatment. Na Cl,HAc,and water-extractable Cd were predominant in peanuts. Application of Se increased HAc and water-extractable Cd. Results showed that moderate Se application could effectively inhibit Cd activity and decrease Cd transportation and accumulation in peanut plants.
引文
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[13]翁伯琦,黄东风,熊德忠,等.施用硒肥对圆叶决明生长、酶活性及其叶肉细胞超显微结构的影响[J].生态学报,2004,24(12):2810-2817.WENG Bo-qi,HUANG Dong-feng,XIONG De-zhong,et al.Effects of selenium on plant growth,enzyme activity and blade cell submicrostructure of Chamaecrista rotundifolia[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(12):2810-2817.
[14]Feng R W,Wei C Y.Antioxidative mechanisms on selenium accumulation in Pteris vittata L.a potential selenium phytoremediation plant[J].Plant Soil Environ,2012,58(3):105-110.
[15]Pagliano C,Raciolo M,Vecchia F D,et al.Evidence for PSⅡdonorside damage and photoinhibition induced by cadmium treatment on rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Bioligy,2006,84(1):70-78.
[16]Kumar M,Bijo A J,Baghel R S,et al.Selenium and spermine alleviate cadmium induced toxicity in the red seaweed Gracilaria dura by regulating antioxidants and DNA methylation[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012,51:129-138.
[17]Malik J A,Goel S,Kaur N,et al.Selenium antagonises the toxic effects of arsenic on mungbean(Phaseolus aureus Roxb.)plants by restricting its uptake and enhancing the antioxidative and detoxification mechanisms[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2012,77:242-248.
[18]Farquhar G D,Sharkey TD.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annu Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.
[19]Hu Y,Huang Y Z,Liu Y X,et al.Interactive effects of different inorganic As and Se species on their uptake and translocation by rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedlings[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2014,21:3955-3962.
[20]Zhao J T,Gao Y X,Li Y F,et al.Selenium inhibits the phytotoxicity of mercury in garlic(Alhum sativum)[J].Environmental Research,2013,125:75-81.
[21]He J Y,Ren Y F,Zhu C,et al.Effects of cadmium stress on seed germination,seedling growth and seed amylase activities in rice(Oryza sativa)[J].Rice Science,2008,15(4):319-325.
[22]熊仕娟,刘俊,徐卫红,等.外源硒对黄瓜抗性、镉积累及镉化学形态的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):286-294.XIONG Shi-juan,LIU Jun,XU Wei-hong,et al.Effect of exogenous selenium on accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium in cucumber(Cucumis satiuus L.)[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):286-294.
[23]周小勇,仇荣亮,李清飞,等.锌对长柔毛委陵菜中铅的分布和化学形态的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(10):2064-2071.ZHOU Xiao-yong,QIU Rong-liang,LI Qing-fei,et al.Effects of zinc on distribution and chemical form of lead in Potentilla griffithii var.velutina[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(10):2064-2071.
[24]Zembala M,Filek M,Walas S,et al.Effect of selenium on macro-and microelement distribution and physiological parameters of rape and wheat seedlings exposed to cadmium stress[J].Plant and Soil,2009,329(1/2):457-468.
[25]Da-Rosa-Correa A X,Rorig L R,Verdinelli M A,et al.Cadmium phytotoxicity:Quantitative sensitivity relationships between classicalendpoints and antioxidative enzyme biomarkers[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,357(1/2/3):120-127.
[2]李娟,史衍玺.富Se花生中Se的赋存形态研究[J].食品科学,2012,33(21):57-59.LI Juan,SHI Yan-xi.Analysis of selenium speciation in Se-rich peanuts[J].Food Science,2012,33(21):57-59.
[3]王凯荣,张磊.花生Cd污染研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(12):2757-2762.WANG Kai-rong,ZHANG Lei.Research advances in cadmium pollution of peanut[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2008,19(12):2757-2762.
[4]Lenz M,Lens P N L.The essential toxin:the changing perception of selenium in environmental sciences[J].Science of the Total Environment,2009,407(12):3620-3633.
[5]Paul D,Dey S.Selenium content and uptake in crops as affected by soil selenium content and implications on human health[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2014,45(4):429-436.
[6]彭玲,贾芬,田小平,等.硒对油菜根尖镉胁迫的缓解作用[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(8):2597-2604.PENG Ling,JIA Fen,TIAN Xiao-Ping,et al.The role of selenium in alleviating cadmium stress on root tip of rape seedlings[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(8):2597-2604.
[7]Qing X J,Zhao X H,Hu C X,et al.Selenium alleviated chromium toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in cabbage(Brassica campretris L.ssp.Pekinessis)leaves[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2015,114:179-189.
[8]刘春梅,罗盛国.硒对镉胁迫下寒地水稻镉含量与分配的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):190-199.LIU Chun-mei,LUO Sheng-guo.Effects of Se on Cd content and distribution in rice plant under Cd stress in cold climate[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2015,21(1):190-199.
[9]宋敏,徐文竞.外源脯氨酸对镉胁迫下小麦幼苗生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):129-134.SONG Min,XU Wen-jing.Effects of exogenous proline on the growth of wheat seedlings under cadmium stress[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(1):129-134.
[10]吕选忠,宫象雷.叶面喷施锌或硒对生菜吸收镉的拮抗作用研究[J].土壤学报,2006,43(5):868-870.L譈Xuan-zhong,GONG Xiang-lei.Antagonistic effect of foliar application of Se or Zn on absorption of Cd in lettuce[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2006,43(5):868-870.
[11]王海南,刘汉湖.硒对油菜镉中毒缓解作用的研究[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(4):62-64.WANG Hai-nan,LIU Han-hu.Research on alleviation of cadmium pollution to rape by selenium[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2012,44(4):62-64.
[12]Li Y H,Sun H F,Li H R,et al.Dynamic changes of rhizosphere properties and antioxidant enzyme responses of wheat plants(Triticum aestivum L.)grown in mercury-contaminated soils[J].Chemosphere,2013,93(6):972-977.
[13]翁伯琦,黄东风,熊德忠,等.施用硒肥对圆叶决明生长、酶活性及其叶肉细胞超显微结构的影响[J].生态学报,2004,24(12):2810-2817.WENG Bo-qi,HUANG Dong-feng,XIONG De-zhong,et al.Effects of selenium on plant growth,enzyme activity and blade cell submicrostructure of Chamaecrista rotundifolia[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(12):2810-2817.
[14]Feng R W,Wei C Y.Antioxidative mechanisms on selenium accumulation in Pteris vittata L.a potential selenium phytoremediation plant[J].Plant Soil Environ,2012,58(3):105-110.
[15]Pagliano C,Raciolo M,Vecchia F D,et al.Evidence for PSⅡdonorside damage and photoinhibition induced by cadmium treatment on rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Bioligy,2006,84(1):70-78.
[16]Kumar M,Bijo A J,Baghel R S,et al.Selenium and spermine alleviate cadmium induced toxicity in the red seaweed Gracilaria dura by regulating antioxidants and DNA methylation[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012,51:129-138.
[17]Malik J A,Goel S,Kaur N,et al.Selenium antagonises the toxic effects of arsenic on mungbean(Phaseolus aureus Roxb.)plants by restricting its uptake and enhancing the antioxidative and detoxification mechanisms[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2012,77:242-248.
[18]Farquhar G D,Sharkey TD.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annu Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.
[19]Hu Y,Huang Y Z,Liu Y X,et al.Interactive effects of different inorganic As and Se species on their uptake and translocation by rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedlings[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2014,21:3955-3962.
[20]Zhao J T,Gao Y X,Li Y F,et al.Selenium inhibits the phytotoxicity of mercury in garlic(Alhum sativum)[J].Environmental Research,2013,125:75-81.
[21]He J Y,Ren Y F,Zhu C,et al.Effects of cadmium stress on seed germination,seedling growth and seed amylase activities in rice(Oryza sativa)[J].Rice Science,2008,15(4):319-325.
[22]熊仕娟,刘俊,徐卫红,等.外源硒对黄瓜抗性、镉积累及镉化学形态的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):286-294.XIONG Shi-juan,LIU Jun,XU Wei-hong,et al.Effect of exogenous selenium on accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium in cucumber(Cucumis satiuus L.)[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):286-294.
[23]周小勇,仇荣亮,李清飞,等.锌对长柔毛委陵菜中铅的分布和化学形态的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(10):2064-2071.ZHOU Xiao-yong,QIU Rong-liang,LI Qing-fei,et al.Effects of zinc on distribution and chemical form of lead in Potentilla griffithii var.velutina[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(10):2064-2071.
[24]Zembala M,Filek M,Walas S,et al.Effect of selenium on macro-and microelement distribution and physiological parameters of rape and wheat seedlings exposed to cadmium stress[J].Plant and Soil,2009,329(1/2):457-468.
[25]Da-Rosa-Correa A X,Rorig L R,Verdinelli M A,et al.Cadmium phytotoxicity:Quantitative sensitivity relationships between classicalendpoints and antioxidative enzyme biomarkers[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,357(1/2/3):120-127.