塔里木板块东北缘坡七侵入体磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿标型特征及成因意义
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摘要
为探讨新疆坡北岩体坡七侵入体中铜镍硫化物矿(化)体的成因,采用显微镜观察、磁性胶体浸润和电子探针分析等方法,对主要的金属矿物磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿开展了成因矿物学研究。结果表明,浸染状、稠密浸染状矿石中,磁黄铁矿为六方(NC型)磁黄铁矿,或六方磁黄铁矿与散点状单斜(4C型)磁黄铁矿构成的不规则状交生体。六方磁黄铁矿是高温结晶后缓慢降温的产物,而不规则状交生体是流体交代六方磁黄铁矿的结果。块状矿石中的磁黄铁矿是六方与单斜变体构成叶片状/箱状交生体,其成因与快速降温和热事件干扰有关。镍黄铁矿富集Co,在各类矿石中均可分为3个世代(Pn1,Pn2,Pn3),在结晶过程中硫逸度随着温度的降低而减小。等轴晶系辉砷钴矿、自形镍黄铁矿及高温黄铜矿的晶出暗示金属硫化物结晶温度普遍偏高。
In order to understand the genesis of copper-nickel sulfide ore bodies hosted in the Poqi intrusion within the Pobei Intrusive bodies,some methods including microscopy,magnetic colloid infiltration,and electron probe microanalyzer( EPMA) have been applied to study genetic mineralogical characteristics of the dominant sulfides of pyrrhotite and pentlandite in this paper. Results show that pyrrhotite,in disseminated and dense disseminated ores,occurred as pure hexagonal crystal,which was formed under condition of high temperature with slow cooling rate,or as the irregular intergrowth of hexagonal pyrrhotite and dust-like monoclinic pyrrhotite,which was formed due to alteration of hexagonal pyrrhotite by the hydrothermal fluid. However,pyrrhotite in massive ore occurred as lamellar intergrowth of hexagonal and monoclinic crystals,which was formed under condition of the rapid cooling and thermal interference. The pentlandite is enriched in Co.There are three generations of pentlandite( Pn1,Pn2,Pn3) in all kinds of ores. The sulfur fugacity of three generations of pentlandite are continuously decreased with the decrease of temperature during their formation. The occurrence of the isometric cobaltite,euhedral-subhedral pentlandite and high temperature chalcopyrite indicates that these sulfide minerals were crystallized generally in high temperature.
In order to understand the genesis of copper-nickel sulfide ore bodies hosted in the Poqi intrusion within the Pobei Intrusive bodies,some methods including microscopy,magnetic colloid infiltration,and electron probe microanalyzer( EPMA) have been applied to study genetic mineralogical characteristics of the dominant sulfides of pyrrhotite and pentlandite in this paper. Results show that pyrrhotite,in disseminated and dense disseminated ores,occurred as pure hexagonal crystal,which was formed under condition of high temperature with slow cooling rate,or as the irregular intergrowth of hexagonal pyrrhotite and dust-like monoclinic pyrrhotite,which was formed due to alteration of hexagonal pyrrhotite by the hydrothermal fluid. However,pyrrhotite in massive ore occurred as lamellar intergrowth of hexagonal and monoclinic crystals,which was formed under condition of the rapid cooling and thermal interference. The pentlandite is enriched in Co.There are three generations of pentlandite( Pn1,Pn2,Pn3) in all kinds of ores. The sulfur fugacity of three generations of pentlandite are continuously decreased with the decrease of temperature during their formation. The occurrence of the isometric cobaltite,euhedral-subhedral pentlandite and high temperature chalcopyrite indicates that these sulfide minerals were crystallized generally in high temperature.
引文
Arnold R G.1962.Equilibrium relations between pyrrhotite and pyrite from 325 to 743℃.Economic Geology,57(1):72-90
Arnold R G.1969.Pyrrhotite phase relations below 304.6℃at<1 atm.total pressure.Economic Geology,64(5):405-419
Becker M,De Villiers J,Bradshaw D.2010.The Mineralogy and crystallography of pyrrhotite from selected nickel and PGE ore deposits.E-conomic Geology,105(5):1025-1037
Desborough G A,Carpenter R H.1965.Phase relations of pyrrhotite.E-conomic Geology,60(7):1431-1450
Drebushchak V A,Kravchenko T A.1999.The Fe-Ni distribution between pentlandite and monosulfide solid solution equalized at low temperature.Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,56(2):925-929
Durazzo A,Taylor L A.1982.Exsolution in the mss-pentlandite system:Textural and Genetic Implication for Ni-Sulfide Ores.Mineralium Deposita,17(3):313-332
Evans H T Jr.1970.Lunar troilite:Crystallography.Science,167(3918):621-623
Fanlo I,Subias I.2004.The composition of Co-Ni-Fe sulfarsenides,diarsenides and triarsenides from the San Juan de Plan deposit,Central Pyrenees,Spain.The Canadian Mineralogist,42(2):1221-1240
Genkin A.1971.Some replacement phenomena in copper-nickel sulphide ores.Mineralium Deposita,6(4):348-355
Gu L X,Vokes F M.1996.Intergrowths of hexagonal and monoclinic pyrrhotites in some sulphide ores from Norway.Mineralogical Magazine,60(2):303-316
Gu L X,Xiao X J,Ni P,Wu C Z,Mao H L.2001.Pyrrhotite textures and their genetic implications in the Hongtoushan massive sulphide deposit,Liaoning Province,China.Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,20(3):210-218
Hem S,Makovicky E.2001.Compositional trends in Fe,Co,and Ni sulfarsenides and their crystal-chemical implications:Results from the Arroyo de la cueva deposits,Ronda Peridotite,Southern Spain.The Canadian Mineralogist,39(3):831-851
Kaneda H,Takenouchi S,Shoji T.1986.Stability of pentlandite in FeNi-Co-S system.Mineralium Deposita,21(3):169-180
Kelly D P,Vaughan D J.1983.Pyrrhotite-pentlandite ore textures:Amechanistic approach.Mineralogical Magazine,47:453-463
Kissin S A,Scott S D.1982.Phase Relations Involving Pyrrhotite below350℃.Economic Geology,77(7):1739-1754
Kullerud G.1963.Thermal stability of pentlandite.The Canadian Mineralogist,7(3):353-366
Ma J,LüX B,Liu Y R,Cao X F,Liu Y G,Ruan B X,Abdalla-Adam M M.2016.The impact of early sulfur saturation and calc-crustal contamination on ore-forming process in Posan mafic-ultramafic complex:Derived from the shallow depleted mantle,Beishan region,NW Chian.Journal of Asian Earth Science,118:81-94
Morimoto N,Gyobu A,Tsukuma K,Koto K.1975.Superstructure and nonstoichiometry of intermediate pyrrhotite.American Mineralogist,60:240-248
Naldrett A J,Singh J,Krstic S,Li C S.2000.The mineralogy of the Voisey's Bay Ni-Cu-Co deposit,Northern Labrador,Canada:Influence of oxidation state on textures and mineral compositions.Economic Geology,95(4):889-900
Qin K Z,Su B X,Sakyi P A,Tang D M,Li X H,Su H,Xiao Q H,Liu P P.2011.SIMS zircon U-Pb geochronology and Sr-Nd isotopes of Ni-Cu-bearing mafic-ultramafic intrusions in Eastern Tianshan and Beishan in correlation with flood basalts in Tarim Basin(NWChina):Constraints on a ca.280 Ma mantle plume.American Journal of Science,311(3):237-260
Sugaki A,Kitakaze A.1998.High form of pentlandite and its thermal stability.American Mineralogist,83(1-2):133-140
Wang H P,Salveson I.2005.A review on the mineral chemistry of the non-stoichiometric iron sulphide,Fe1-x S(0≤x≤0.15):Polymorphs,phase relations and transitions,electronic and magnetic structures.Phase Transitions,78(7-8):547-567
Xia M Z,Jiang C Y,Li C S,Xia Z D.2013.Characteristics of a newly discovered Ni-Cu sulfide deposit hosted in the Poyi ultramafic intrusion,Tarim craton,NW China.Economic Geology,108(8):1865-1878
Xue S C,Qin K Z,Li C S,Tang D M,Mao Y N,Qi L,Ripley E M.2016.Geochronological,petrological,and geochemical constraints on Ni-Cu sulfide mineralization in the Poyi ultramafic-troctolitic intrusion in the northeast rim of the Tarim Craton,Western China.E-conomic Geology,111(6):1465-1484
Yund R A,Hall H T.1970.Kinetics and mechanism of pyrite exsolution from pyrrhotite.Journal of Petrology,11(2):381-404
曹亚文.1995.金川铜镍硫化物矿床矿物形成演化研究.博士学位论文.北京:中国地质科学院
丁瑞颖.2012.甘肃金川镍铜铂岩浆硫化物矿床Ⅱ矿区矿物特征研究.硕士学位论文.西安:长安大学
顾连兴.1989.磁性胶体法:磁黄铁矿同质多象变体的一种快速鉴定方法.地质与勘探,(2):28-29
顾连兴,郑远川,汤晓茜,吴昌志.2006.硫化物矿石若干结构及相关成矿理论研究进展.自然科学进展,16(2):146-159
顾连兴,尹琳.1995.挪威块状硫化物矿床中单斜与六方磁黄铁矿的交生及其成因.高校地质学报,1(1):80-92
郭娜欣.2012.塔里木板块东北部坡北岩体内镁铁质层状岩系岩石成因.硕士学位论文.西安:长安大学
姜常义,程松林,叶书锋,夏明哲,姜寒冰,代玉财.2006.新疆北山地区中坡山北镁铁质岩体岩石地球化学与岩石成因.岩石学报,22(1):115-126
姜常义,郭娜欣,夏明哲,凌锦兰,郭芳放,邓小芹,姜寒冰,范亚洲.2012.塔里木板块东北部坡一镁铁质-超镁铁质层状侵入体岩石成因.岩石学报,28(7):2209-2223
李华芹,梅玉萍,屈文俊,蔡红,杜国民.2009.新疆坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体SHRIMP U-Pb和矿石Re-Os同位素定年及其意义.矿床地质,28(5):633-642
卢静文,彭晓蕾.2010.金属矿物显微镜鉴定手册.北京:地质出版社,109-110
秦克章,丁奎首,许英霞,孙赫,徐兴旺,唐冬梅,毛骞.2007.东天山图拉尔根、白石泉铜镍钴矿床钴、镍赋存状态及原岩含矿性研究.矿床地质,26(1):1-14
苏本勋,秦克章,唐冬梅,邓刚,肖庆华,孙赫,卢鸿飞,代玉财.2012.新疆北山地区坡十镁铁-超镁铁岩体的岩石学特征及其对成矿作用的指示.岩石学报,27(12):3627-3639
王子玺.2016.塔里木板块东北部坡北岩体中两类岩浆矿床成矿作用.硕士学位论文.西安:长安大学
夏明哲,赵献军,宋艳芳,郭娜欣,夏昭德,姜常义.2013.塔里木板块东北部坡十侵入体铂族元素地球化学特征及成矿作用.地质与勘探,49(1):1-8
校培喜.2005.笔架山幅(K46C004002)1:25万区域地质调查(修测)报告.西安:西安地质矿产研究所.1-291
郗爱华,任洪茂,张宝福,王永祥,支学军.2004.吉林省红旗岭铜镍硫化物矿床矿石学特征.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),34(3):338-343
芮会超,夏明哲,王恒,王鹏,段少帅,靳树芳,焦建刚.2016.塔里木板块东北缘坡七侵入体金属硫化物矿物学特征及成矿指示作用.地质与勘探,52(6):1107-1115
Arnold R G.1969.Pyrrhotite phase relations below 304.6℃at<1 atm.total pressure.Economic Geology,64(5):405-419
Becker M,De Villiers J,Bradshaw D.2010.The Mineralogy and crystallography of pyrrhotite from selected nickel and PGE ore deposits.E-conomic Geology,105(5):1025-1037
Desborough G A,Carpenter R H.1965.Phase relations of pyrrhotite.E-conomic Geology,60(7):1431-1450
Drebushchak V A,Kravchenko T A.1999.The Fe-Ni distribution between pentlandite and monosulfide solid solution equalized at low temperature.Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,56(2):925-929
Durazzo A,Taylor L A.1982.Exsolution in the mss-pentlandite system:Textural and Genetic Implication for Ni-Sulfide Ores.Mineralium Deposita,17(3):313-332
Evans H T Jr.1970.Lunar troilite:Crystallography.Science,167(3918):621-623
Fanlo I,Subias I.2004.The composition of Co-Ni-Fe sulfarsenides,diarsenides and triarsenides from the San Juan de Plan deposit,Central Pyrenees,Spain.The Canadian Mineralogist,42(2):1221-1240
Genkin A.1971.Some replacement phenomena in copper-nickel sulphide ores.Mineralium Deposita,6(4):348-355
Gu L X,Vokes F M.1996.Intergrowths of hexagonal and monoclinic pyrrhotites in some sulphide ores from Norway.Mineralogical Magazine,60(2):303-316
Gu L X,Xiao X J,Ni P,Wu C Z,Mao H L.2001.Pyrrhotite textures and their genetic implications in the Hongtoushan massive sulphide deposit,Liaoning Province,China.Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,20(3):210-218
Hem S,Makovicky E.2001.Compositional trends in Fe,Co,and Ni sulfarsenides and their crystal-chemical implications:Results from the Arroyo de la cueva deposits,Ronda Peridotite,Southern Spain.The Canadian Mineralogist,39(3):831-851
Kaneda H,Takenouchi S,Shoji T.1986.Stability of pentlandite in FeNi-Co-S system.Mineralium Deposita,21(3):169-180
Kelly D P,Vaughan D J.1983.Pyrrhotite-pentlandite ore textures:Amechanistic approach.Mineralogical Magazine,47:453-463
Kissin S A,Scott S D.1982.Phase Relations Involving Pyrrhotite below350℃.Economic Geology,77(7):1739-1754
Kullerud G.1963.Thermal stability of pentlandite.The Canadian Mineralogist,7(3):353-366
Ma J,LüX B,Liu Y R,Cao X F,Liu Y G,Ruan B X,Abdalla-Adam M M.2016.The impact of early sulfur saturation and calc-crustal contamination on ore-forming process in Posan mafic-ultramafic complex:Derived from the shallow depleted mantle,Beishan region,NW Chian.Journal of Asian Earth Science,118:81-94
Morimoto N,Gyobu A,Tsukuma K,Koto K.1975.Superstructure and nonstoichiometry of intermediate pyrrhotite.American Mineralogist,60:240-248
Naldrett A J,Singh J,Krstic S,Li C S.2000.The mineralogy of the Voisey's Bay Ni-Cu-Co deposit,Northern Labrador,Canada:Influence of oxidation state on textures and mineral compositions.Economic Geology,95(4):889-900
Qin K Z,Su B X,Sakyi P A,Tang D M,Li X H,Su H,Xiao Q H,Liu P P.2011.SIMS zircon U-Pb geochronology and Sr-Nd isotopes of Ni-Cu-bearing mafic-ultramafic intrusions in Eastern Tianshan and Beishan in correlation with flood basalts in Tarim Basin(NWChina):Constraints on a ca.280 Ma mantle plume.American Journal of Science,311(3):237-260
Sugaki A,Kitakaze A.1998.High form of pentlandite and its thermal stability.American Mineralogist,83(1-2):133-140
Wang H P,Salveson I.2005.A review on the mineral chemistry of the non-stoichiometric iron sulphide,Fe1-x S(0≤x≤0.15):Polymorphs,phase relations and transitions,electronic and magnetic structures.Phase Transitions,78(7-8):547-567
Xia M Z,Jiang C Y,Li C S,Xia Z D.2013.Characteristics of a newly discovered Ni-Cu sulfide deposit hosted in the Poyi ultramafic intrusion,Tarim craton,NW China.Economic Geology,108(8):1865-1878
Xue S C,Qin K Z,Li C S,Tang D M,Mao Y N,Qi L,Ripley E M.2016.Geochronological,petrological,and geochemical constraints on Ni-Cu sulfide mineralization in the Poyi ultramafic-troctolitic intrusion in the northeast rim of the Tarim Craton,Western China.E-conomic Geology,111(6):1465-1484
Yund R A,Hall H T.1970.Kinetics and mechanism of pyrite exsolution from pyrrhotite.Journal of Petrology,11(2):381-404
曹亚文.1995.金川铜镍硫化物矿床矿物形成演化研究.博士学位论文.北京:中国地质科学院
丁瑞颖.2012.甘肃金川镍铜铂岩浆硫化物矿床Ⅱ矿区矿物特征研究.硕士学位论文.西安:长安大学
顾连兴.1989.磁性胶体法:磁黄铁矿同质多象变体的一种快速鉴定方法.地质与勘探,(2):28-29
顾连兴,郑远川,汤晓茜,吴昌志.2006.硫化物矿石若干结构及相关成矿理论研究进展.自然科学进展,16(2):146-159
顾连兴,尹琳.1995.挪威块状硫化物矿床中单斜与六方磁黄铁矿的交生及其成因.高校地质学报,1(1):80-92
郭娜欣.2012.塔里木板块东北部坡北岩体内镁铁质层状岩系岩石成因.硕士学位论文.西安:长安大学
姜常义,程松林,叶书锋,夏明哲,姜寒冰,代玉财.2006.新疆北山地区中坡山北镁铁质岩体岩石地球化学与岩石成因.岩石学报,22(1):115-126
姜常义,郭娜欣,夏明哲,凌锦兰,郭芳放,邓小芹,姜寒冰,范亚洲.2012.塔里木板块东北部坡一镁铁质-超镁铁质层状侵入体岩石成因.岩石学报,28(7):2209-2223
李华芹,梅玉萍,屈文俊,蔡红,杜国民.2009.新疆坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体SHRIMP U-Pb和矿石Re-Os同位素定年及其意义.矿床地质,28(5):633-642
卢静文,彭晓蕾.2010.金属矿物显微镜鉴定手册.北京:地质出版社,109-110
秦克章,丁奎首,许英霞,孙赫,徐兴旺,唐冬梅,毛骞.2007.东天山图拉尔根、白石泉铜镍钴矿床钴、镍赋存状态及原岩含矿性研究.矿床地质,26(1):1-14
苏本勋,秦克章,唐冬梅,邓刚,肖庆华,孙赫,卢鸿飞,代玉财.2012.新疆北山地区坡十镁铁-超镁铁岩体的岩石学特征及其对成矿作用的指示.岩石学报,27(12):3627-3639
王子玺.2016.塔里木板块东北部坡北岩体中两类岩浆矿床成矿作用.硕士学位论文.西安:长安大学
夏明哲,赵献军,宋艳芳,郭娜欣,夏昭德,姜常义.2013.塔里木板块东北部坡十侵入体铂族元素地球化学特征及成矿作用.地质与勘探,49(1):1-8
校培喜.2005.笔架山幅(K46C004002)1:25万区域地质调查(修测)报告.西安:西安地质矿产研究所.1-291
郗爱华,任洪茂,张宝福,王永祥,支学军.2004.吉林省红旗岭铜镍硫化物矿床矿石学特征.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),34(3):338-343
芮会超,夏明哲,王恒,王鹏,段少帅,靳树芳,焦建刚.2016.塔里木板块东北缘坡七侵入体金属硫化物矿物学特征及成矿指示作用.地质与勘探,52(6):1107-1115