长庆致密油三维水平井钻井技术研究与应用
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摘要
长庆油田致密油资源丰富,是上产稳产5 000×10~4t战略目标的重要资源基础。由于开发区主要分布在梁峁交错的黄土塬区,受地貌条件与开发要求的限制,需要开展带有较大偏移距的三维水平井钻井。三维水平井轨迹控制困难、泥岩坍塌、摩阻扭矩突增等瓶颈难题严重制约了水平井的规模推广。为解决大偏移距三维水平井施工难题,形成高效开发致密油藏的主体钻井技术,开展了三维井井身剖面优化、轨迹控制攻关、钻井液体系研究,形成了致密油藏三维水平井钻井技术。并在YAP-5H井进行了先导性试验,钻井过程中未出现泥岩坍塌、摩阻扭矩正常、井眼轨迹平滑,完钻水平段长1 535 m,试油产量119.7 m~3/d。该井的顺利实施,首次实现了致密油水平井由二维向大偏移距三维钻井的技术创新与突破,为长庆油田水平井开发方式的转变和实现致密油经济有效开发打下基础。
The ChangQing Oilfield has resourceful tight oil,and it is an important expiration area for the 50 million tons of oil.Because the development zone is mainly distributed in geomorphic conditions of staggered hill and loess tableland,to carry out3 D horizontal well drilling with larger offset is necessary.Difficulties in trajectory control,unstable mud shale and increase torque and drag in drilling,restrict the extend of horizontal technology.In order to resolve the difficulties in 3D horizontal well drilling technology,and form an effective drilling technology in tight oil exploration,researches are conducted on 3D horizontal well profile optimization,well bore trajectory control and drilling fluid to form 3D horizontal well drilling technology in tight oil.First testing is done on YAP-5H horizontal well in CNPC in July.There is no collapse in the layers,the drilling torque and drag is normal and the wellbore trajectory is smooth,achieving 1 535 m long horizontal section wells and 119.7 m~3/d tested oil yield.It is the first time for the technology innovation and breakthrough from 2D to 3D horizontal well in the tight oil to make a transformation for the horizontal well development mode and lay a foundation for the effective and economic development of tight oil in Changqing Oilfield.
The ChangQing Oilfield has resourceful tight oil,and it is an important expiration area for the 50 million tons of oil.Because the development zone is mainly distributed in geomorphic conditions of staggered hill and loess tableland,to carry out3 D horizontal well drilling with larger offset is necessary.Difficulties in trajectory control,unstable mud shale and increase torque and drag in drilling,restrict the extend of horizontal technology.In order to resolve the difficulties in 3D horizontal well drilling technology,and form an effective drilling technology in tight oil exploration,researches are conducted on 3D horizontal well profile optimization,well bore trajectory control and drilling fluid to form 3D horizontal well drilling technology in tight oil.First testing is done on YAP-5H horizontal well in CNPC in July.There is no collapse in the layers,the drilling torque and drag is normal and the wellbore trajectory is smooth,achieving 1 535 m long horizontal section wells and 119.7 m~3/d tested oil yield.It is the first time for the technology innovation and breakthrough from 2D to 3D horizontal well in the tight oil to make a transformation for the horizontal well development mode and lay a foundation for the effective and economic development of tight oil in Changqing Oilfield.
引文
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[14]刘峰,张红杰,韩丰欣,等.超长小井眼水平井钻井技术在渤中19-4油田的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,20lO,32(1):99-102.Liu Feng,Zhang Hongjie,Han Fengxin,et al.Application of ultralong in horizontal hole drilling technology in Bozhong 19-4 Oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2010,32(1):99-102.
[15]陈学之.短半径水平井钻井技术的应用及推广[J].今日科苑,2010(6):65.
[16]王文斌,刘小利,魏周胜,等.长庆油田天然气水平井固井技术[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(2):111-115.Wang Wenbin,Liu Xiaoli,Wei Zhousheng,et al.The technology of gas horizontal well cementing in Changqing Oilfield[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(2):111-115.
[2]周文军,巨满成,王彦博,等.三维水平井YP-3X井钻井难点与对策[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(11):89-93.Zhou Wenjun,Ju Mancheng,Wang Yanbo.et al.The difficulties and countermeasures of 3D horizontal well YP-3D drilling[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(11):89-93.
[3]周文军,欧阳勇,黄占盈,等.苏里格气田水平井快速钻井技术[J].天然气工业,2013,33(8):77-82.Zhou Wenjun,Ouyang Yong,Huang Zhanying,et al.Rapid drilling technologies of horizontal wells in the Sulige Gas Field Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(8):77-82.
[4]唐雪平,苏义脑.二维井眼轨道设计模型及其精确解[J].数学的实践与认识,2007,37(20):32-35.Tang Xueping,Su Yinao,Two-dimensional well path planning models and their exact solutions[J].Mathematics In Practice And Theory,2007,37(20):32-35.
[5]徐月庆,闫铁,毕雪亮,等.双面法绕障井眼轨道设计模型研究[J].石油工业计算机应用,2007,15(3):2-5.Xu Yueqing,Yan Tie,Bi Xueliang,et al.Research of the design model for bypass borehole track with double-plane method[J].Computer Applications of Petroleum,2007,15(3):2-5.
[6]王慕玮,范海燕.井眼轨道设计及监控软件的开发[J].甘肃科技,2008,24(12):18-20.
[7]王俊芳.三维多目标定向井井眼轨道优化设计[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2005,18(6):21-23.Wang Junfang.3D multi-target directional well borehole track optimization design[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum University of Staff and Workers,2005,18(6):21-23.
[8]王京光,张小平,王勇强,等.复合钾盐聚合物钻井液的研制及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(6):33-35.Wang Jingguang,Zhang Xiaoping,Wang Yongqiang,et al.Study and application on compound potassium salt polymer drilling fluid[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(6):33-35.
[9]刘兆利,李晓明,张建卿,等.无土相复合盐水钻井液的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2011,27(6):34-37.Liu Zhaoli,Li Xiaoming,Zhang Jianqing,et al.The research and application of compound brine drilling fluid[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2011,27(6):34-37.
[10]Sonowal K,Bennetzen B,Wong K M,et al.How continuous improvement lead to the longest horizontal well in the world[C].SPE/IADC 119506,2009.
[11]苏义脑,窦修荣.大位移井钻井概况、工艺难点和对工具仪器的要求[J].石油钻采工艺,2003,25(1):6-10.Su Yinao,Dou Xiurong.Big displacement well drilling situation,technology difficulty and requirement for tool instrument[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2003,25(1):6-10.
[12]祁宏军,闫振来,唐志军,等.金平1井长水平段水平井的设计与施工[J].中外能源,2010,15(1):56-59.Qi Hongjun,Yan Zhenlai,Tang Zhijun,et al.Design and drilling of long horizontal-section well of Jinping 1Well[J].Sino-Global Energy,2010,15(1):56-59.
[13]张立春,陈洪亮,曾庆锋,等.吉林油田浅层丛式水平井钻井技术[J].内蒙古石油化工,2010(2):95-98.Zhang Lichun,Chen Hongliang,Zeng Qingfeng,et al.The shallow Layer Cluster and horizontal well drilling technology in the Jilin Oilfield[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Technology,2010(2):95-98.
[14]刘峰,张红杰,韩丰欣,等.超长小井眼水平井钻井技术在渤中19-4油田的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,20lO,32(1):99-102.Liu Feng,Zhang Hongjie,Han Fengxin,et al.Application of ultralong in horizontal hole drilling technology in Bozhong 19-4 Oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2010,32(1):99-102.
[15]陈学之.短半径水平井钻井技术的应用及推广[J].今日科苑,2010(6):65.
[16]王文斌,刘小利,魏周胜,等.长庆油田天然气水平井固井技术[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(2):111-115.Wang Wenbin,Liu Xiaoli,Wei Zhousheng,et al.The technology of gas horizontal well cementing in Changqing Oilfield[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(2):111-115.