离子型谷氨酸受体在长时程增强产生机制中的研究进展
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摘要
长时程增强(Long-term potentiation,LTP)是一种发生在神经细胞信号传输中持久的增强现象。在分子水平研究学习和记忆能力,反应海马功能可塑性的长时程增强是常用的指标,其作用的改变与学习记忆密切相关。长时程增强增加会促进学习记忆能力,而长时程增强减弱会导致学习记忆能力的下降。诱导长时程增强发生的相关机制非常复杂,迄今尚未完全阐明,而关于离子型谷氨酸受体在其中的作用研究相对较少。因此,本文对离子型谷氨酸受体在长时程增强形成条件、分子机制等方面进行了综述。
Long-term potentiation(LTP)is a persistent enhancement in signal transmission of nerve cells.At the molecular level,the study and memory ability of the hippocampal function plasticity is a commonly used indicatorand the change of its function is closely related to learning and memory.Increased long-term potentiation will promote learning and memory,and weakened long-term potentiation will lead to a decline in learning and memory.The mechanisms involved in inducing long-term potentiation are very complex and have not yet been fully elucidated,and there are relatively few studies on the role of ionic glutamate receptors.Therefore,this paper reviews the formation conditions and molecular mechanisms of ionic glutamate receptors in the long term.
Long-term potentiation(LTP)is a persistent enhancement in signal transmission of nerve cells.At the molecular level,the study and memory ability of the hippocampal function plasticity is a commonly used indicatorand the change of its function is closely related to learning and memory.Increased long-term potentiation will promote learning and memory,and weakened long-term potentiation will lead to a decline in learning and memory.The mechanisms involved in inducing long-term potentiation are very complex and have not yet been fully elucidated,and there are relatively few studies on the role of ionic glutamate receptors.Therefore,this paper reviews the formation conditions and molecular mechanisms of ionic glutamate receptors in the long term.
引文
[1]冀素晓.丁苯酞对db/db小鼠认知功能障碍及突触可塑性相关信号通路的影响[D].石家庄:河北医科大学,2016.
[2]LI B,WANKA L,BLANCHARD J,et al.Neurotrophic peptides incorporating adamantaneimprove learning and memory,promote neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in mice[J].FEBS Letters,2010,584(15):3 359-3 365.
[3]陈建国.突触可塑性及其功能[J].咸宁学院学报(医学版),2004,18(3):153-156.
[4]SCHEFF S W,PRICE D A.Synaptic pathology in Alzheimer’s disease:a review of ultrastructural studies[J].Neurobiol Aging,2003,24(8):1 029-1 046.
[5]杨银玲.丁苯酞对STZ糖尿病大鼠认知功能障碍及AMPA受体表达的影响[D].石家庄:河北医科大学,2015.
[6]BLISS T V P,GARDNER-MEDWIN A R.Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the unanaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path[J].J Physiol,1973,232(2):357-374.
[7]PITA-ALMENAR J D,COLLADO M S,COLBERT C M,et al.Different Mechanisms Exist for the Plasticity of Glutamate Reuptake during Early Long-Term Potentiation(LTP)and Late LTP[J].J Neurosci,2006,26(41):10 461-10 471.
[8]HOLLMANN M,HEINEMANN S.Cloned Glutamate Receptors[J].Annual Rev Neurosci,1994,17(1):31-108.
[9]PALYGIN O,LALO U,PANKRATOV Y.Distinct pharmacological and functional properties of NMDA receptors in mouse cortical astrocytes[J].Br J Pharmacol,2011,163(8):1 755-1 766.
[10]BARTLETT T E,BANNISTER N J,COLLETT V J,et al.Differential roles of NR2Aand NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in LTP and LTD in the CA1region of two-week old rat hippocampus[J].Neuropharmacology,2007,52(1):60-70.
[11]YASHIRO K,PHILPOT B D.Regulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression and its implications for LTD,LTP,and metaplasticity[J].Neuropharmacology,2008,55(7):1 081-1 094.
[12]TANG Y P,SHIMIZU E,DUBE G R,et al.Genetic enhancement of learning and memory in mice[J].Nature,1999,401(6 748):63-69.
[13]CHOWDHURY D,MARCO S,BROOKS I M,et al.Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulates the Endocytosis and Surface Expression of GluN3A-Containing NMDA Receptors[J].J Neurosci,2013,33(9):4 151-4 164.
[14]CULL-CANDY S G,LESZKIEWICZ D N.Role of Distinct NMDA Receptor Subtypes atCentral Synapses[J].Sci STKE,2004,2004(255):re16.
[15]KERCHNER G A,NICOLL R A.Silent synapses and the emergence of a postsynaptic mechanism for LTP[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2008,9(11):813-825.
[16]KRAPIVINSKY G,KRAPIVINSKY L,MANASIAN Y,et al.The NMDA Receptor Is Coupled to the ERK Pathway by a Direct Interaction between NR2Band RasGRF1[J].Neuron,2003,40(4):775-784.
[17]PRADEEP K K,CHERIYAN J,PRIYA S D S,et al.Regulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II catalysis by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B[J].Biochemical Journal,2009,419(1):123-136.
[18]MAWHINNEY L J,DE RIVERO VACCARI J P,ALONSO O F,et al.Isoflurane/nitrous oxide anesthesia induces increases in NMDA receptor subunit NR2Bprotein expression in the aged rat brain[J].Brain Res,2012,1 431:23-34.
[19]LUO J,BOSY T Z,WANG Y,et al.Ontogeny of NMDA R1subunit protein expression in five regions of rat brain[J].Brain Res Dev Brain Res,1996,92(1):10-17.
[20]CLAYTON D A,GROSSHANS D R,BROWNING M D.Aging and surface expression of hippocampal NMDA receptors[J].J Biol Chem,2002,277(17):14 367-14 369.
[21]TSIEN J Z,HUERTA P T,TONEGAWA S.The essential role of hippocampal CA 1NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity in spatial memory[J].Cell,1996,87(7):1 327-1 338.
[22]RAMPON C,TANG Y P,GOODHOUSE J,et al.Enrichment induce sstructural changes and recovery from nonspatial memory deficits in CA 1NMDAR knockout mice[J].Nature Neuroscience,2000,3(3):238-244.
[23]NAKAZAWA K,QUIRK M C,CHITWOOD R A,et al.Requirement for hippocampal CA 3 NMDA receptors in associative memory recall[J].Science,2002,297(5 579):211-218.
[24]BRIGMAN J L,WRIGHT T,TALANI G,et al.Loss of GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptors in CA1Hippocampus and Cortex Impairs Long-Term Depression,Reduces Dendritic Spine Density,and Disrupts Learning[J].J Neurosci,2010,30(13):4 590-4 600.
[25]MORISHITA W,LU W,SMITH G B,et al.Activation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors is not required for NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression[J].Neuropharmacology,2007,52(1):71-76.
[26]LAU C G,ZUKIN R S.NMDA receptor trafficking in synaptic plasticity and neuropsychiatric disorders[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2007,8(6):413-427.
[27]HAWASLI A H,BENAVIDES D R,NGUYEN C,et al.Cyclin-dependent kinase 5governs learning and synaptic plasticity via control of NMDAR degradation[J].Nat Neurosci,2007,10(7):880-886.
[28]明虎斌.NMDA受体与缺血性脑血管病临床相关研究进展[J].中国保健营养旬刊,2013(10):6 101-6 102.
[29]SUCHER N J,YU E,CHAN S F,et al.Association of the small GTPase Rheb with the NMDA receptor subunit NR3A[J].Neurosignals,2012,18(4):203-209.
[30]PREZOTAO I,LARSEN R S,WESSELING J F.Emerging roles of GluN3-containing NMDA receptors in the CNS[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2016,17(10):623-635.
[31]GALLINAT J,GTZ T,KALUS P,et al.Genetic Variations of the NR3ASubunit of the NMDA Receptor Modulate Prefrontal Cerebral Activity in Humans[J].J Cogn Neurosci,2007,19(1):59-68.
[32]YANG Q,ZHU G,LIU D,et al.Extrasynaptic NMDA receptor dependent long-term potentiation of hippocampal CA1pyramidal neurons[J].Sci Rep,2017,7(1):3 045-3 053.
[33]ROBERTS A C,DEZGARCA J,RODRIGUIZ R M,et al.Downregulation of NR3A-Containing NMDARs Is Required for Synapse Maturation and Memory Consolidation[J].Neuron,2009,63(3):342-356.
[34]WEE S L,TAN F C K,CHEONG Y P,et al.Ontogenic Profile and Synaptic Distribution of GluN3Proteins in the Rat Brain and Hippocampal Neurons[J].Neurochem Res,2016,41(1-2):290-297.
[35]HENSON M A,ROBERTS A C,PREZOTAO I,et al.Influence of the NR3Asubunit on NMDA receptor functions[J].Prog Neurobiol,2010,91(1):23-37.
[36]PACHERNEGG S,STRUTZ-SEEBOHM N,HOLLMANN M.GluN3subunit-containing NMDA receptors:not just one-trick ponies[J].Trends Neurosci,2012,35(4):240-249.
[37]KWAK S,WEISS J H.Calcium-permeable AMPA channels in neurodegenerative disease and ischemia[J].Curr Opin Neurobiol,2006,16(3):281-287.
[38]HANSE E,SETH H,RIEBE I.AMPA-silent synapses in brain development and pathology[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2013,14(12):839-850.
[39]ANASTASIADES P G,BUTT S J B.A Role for Silent Synapses in the Development of the Pathway from Layer 2/3to 5Pyramidal Cells in the Neocortex[J].J Neurosci,2012,32(38):13 085-13 099.
[40]WISDEN W,SEEBURG P H.Mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptors[J].CurrOpin Neurobiol,1993,3(3):291-298.
[41]ISAAC J T R,ASHBY M C,MCBAIN C J.The Role of the GluR2Subunit in AMPA Receptor Function and Synaptic Plasticity[J].Neuron,2007,54(6):859-871.
[42]ROWAN M J,KLYUBIN I,CULLEN W K,et al.Synaptic plasticity in animal models of early Alzheimer's disease[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2003,358(1 432):821-828.
[43]LIAO D,SCANNEVIN R H,HUGANIR R.Activation of Silent Synapses by Rapid Activity-Dependent Synaptic Recruitment of AMPA Receptors[J].J Neurosci,2001,21(16):6 008-6 017.
[44]MONTGOMERY J M,PAVLIDIS P,MADISON D V.Pair Recordings Reveal All-Silent Synaptic Connections and the Postsynaptic Expression of Long-Term Potentiation[J].Neuron,2001,29(3):691-701.
[45]ISAAC J T R.Postsynaptic silent synapses:evidence and mechanisms[J].Neuropharmacology,2003,45(4):450-460.
[46]PELLEGRINI-GIAMPIETRO D E,GORTER J A,BENNETT M V L,et al.The GluR2(GluR-B)hypothesis:Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in neurological disorders[J].Trends Neurosci,1997,20(10):464-470.
[47]SHI S H.AMPA Receptor Dynamics and Synaptic Plasticity[J].Science,2001,294(5 548):1 851-1 852.
[48]HILL T C,ZITO K.LTP-Induced Long-Term Stabilization of Individual Nascent Dendritic Spines[J].J Neurosci,2013,33(2):678-686.
[49]MAYADEVI M,PRASEEDA M,KUMAR K S,et al.Sequence determinants on the NR2A and NR2B subunits of NMDA receptor responsible for specificity of phosphorylation by CaMKII[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2002,1 598(1):40-45.
[50]VEDDER L C,SMITH C C,FLANNIGAN A E,et al.Estradiol-induced increase in novel object recognition requires hippocampal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors[J].Hippocampus,2013,23(1):108-115.
[2]LI B,WANKA L,BLANCHARD J,et al.Neurotrophic peptides incorporating adamantaneimprove learning and memory,promote neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in mice[J].FEBS Letters,2010,584(15):3 359-3 365.
[3]陈建国.突触可塑性及其功能[J].咸宁学院学报(医学版),2004,18(3):153-156.
[4]SCHEFF S W,PRICE D A.Synaptic pathology in Alzheimer’s disease:a review of ultrastructural studies[J].Neurobiol Aging,2003,24(8):1 029-1 046.
[5]杨银玲.丁苯酞对STZ糖尿病大鼠认知功能障碍及AMPA受体表达的影响[D].石家庄:河北医科大学,2015.
[6]BLISS T V P,GARDNER-MEDWIN A R.Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the unanaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path[J].J Physiol,1973,232(2):357-374.
[7]PITA-ALMENAR J D,COLLADO M S,COLBERT C M,et al.Different Mechanisms Exist for the Plasticity of Glutamate Reuptake during Early Long-Term Potentiation(LTP)and Late LTP[J].J Neurosci,2006,26(41):10 461-10 471.
[8]HOLLMANN M,HEINEMANN S.Cloned Glutamate Receptors[J].Annual Rev Neurosci,1994,17(1):31-108.
[9]PALYGIN O,LALO U,PANKRATOV Y.Distinct pharmacological and functional properties of NMDA receptors in mouse cortical astrocytes[J].Br J Pharmacol,2011,163(8):1 755-1 766.
[10]BARTLETT T E,BANNISTER N J,COLLETT V J,et al.Differential roles of NR2Aand NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in LTP and LTD in the CA1region of two-week old rat hippocampus[J].Neuropharmacology,2007,52(1):60-70.
[11]YASHIRO K,PHILPOT B D.Regulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression and its implications for LTD,LTP,and metaplasticity[J].Neuropharmacology,2008,55(7):1 081-1 094.
[12]TANG Y P,SHIMIZU E,DUBE G R,et al.Genetic enhancement of learning and memory in mice[J].Nature,1999,401(6 748):63-69.
[13]CHOWDHURY D,MARCO S,BROOKS I M,et al.Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulates the Endocytosis and Surface Expression of GluN3A-Containing NMDA Receptors[J].J Neurosci,2013,33(9):4 151-4 164.
[14]CULL-CANDY S G,LESZKIEWICZ D N.Role of Distinct NMDA Receptor Subtypes atCentral Synapses[J].Sci STKE,2004,2004(255):re16.
[15]KERCHNER G A,NICOLL R A.Silent synapses and the emergence of a postsynaptic mechanism for LTP[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2008,9(11):813-825.
[16]KRAPIVINSKY G,KRAPIVINSKY L,MANASIAN Y,et al.The NMDA Receptor Is Coupled to the ERK Pathway by a Direct Interaction between NR2Band RasGRF1[J].Neuron,2003,40(4):775-784.
[17]PRADEEP K K,CHERIYAN J,PRIYA S D S,et al.Regulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II catalysis by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B[J].Biochemical Journal,2009,419(1):123-136.
[18]MAWHINNEY L J,DE RIVERO VACCARI J P,ALONSO O F,et al.Isoflurane/nitrous oxide anesthesia induces increases in NMDA receptor subunit NR2Bprotein expression in the aged rat brain[J].Brain Res,2012,1 431:23-34.
[19]LUO J,BOSY T Z,WANG Y,et al.Ontogeny of NMDA R1subunit protein expression in five regions of rat brain[J].Brain Res Dev Brain Res,1996,92(1):10-17.
[20]CLAYTON D A,GROSSHANS D R,BROWNING M D.Aging and surface expression of hippocampal NMDA receptors[J].J Biol Chem,2002,277(17):14 367-14 369.
[21]TSIEN J Z,HUERTA P T,TONEGAWA S.The essential role of hippocampal CA 1NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity in spatial memory[J].Cell,1996,87(7):1 327-1 338.
[22]RAMPON C,TANG Y P,GOODHOUSE J,et al.Enrichment induce sstructural changes and recovery from nonspatial memory deficits in CA 1NMDAR knockout mice[J].Nature Neuroscience,2000,3(3):238-244.
[23]NAKAZAWA K,QUIRK M C,CHITWOOD R A,et al.Requirement for hippocampal CA 3 NMDA receptors in associative memory recall[J].Science,2002,297(5 579):211-218.
[24]BRIGMAN J L,WRIGHT T,TALANI G,et al.Loss of GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptors in CA1Hippocampus and Cortex Impairs Long-Term Depression,Reduces Dendritic Spine Density,and Disrupts Learning[J].J Neurosci,2010,30(13):4 590-4 600.
[25]MORISHITA W,LU W,SMITH G B,et al.Activation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors is not required for NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression[J].Neuropharmacology,2007,52(1):71-76.
[26]LAU C G,ZUKIN R S.NMDA receptor trafficking in synaptic plasticity and neuropsychiatric disorders[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2007,8(6):413-427.
[27]HAWASLI A H,BENAVIDES D R,NGUYEN C,et al.Cyclin-dependent kinase 5governs learning and synaptic plasticity via control of NMDAR degradation[J].Nat Neurosci,2007,10(7):880-886.
[28]明虎斌.NMDA受体与缺血性脑血管病临床相关研究进展[J].中国保健营养旬刊,2013(10):6 101-6 102.
[29]SUCHER N J,YU E,CHAN S F,et al.Association of the small GTPase Rheb with the NMDA receptor subunit NR3A[J].Neurosignals,2012,18(4):203-209.
[30]PREZOTAO I,LARSEN R S,WESSELING J F.Emerging roles of GluN3-containing NMDA receptors in the CNS[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2016,17(10):623-635.
[31]GALLINAT J,GTZ T,KALUS P,et al.Genetic Variations of the NR3ASubunit of the NMDA Receptor Modulate Prefrontal Cerebral Activity in Humans[J].J Cogn Neurosci,2007,19(1):59-68.
[32]YANG Q,ZHU G,LIU D,et al.Extrasynaptic NMDA receptor dependent long-term potentiation of hippocampal CA1pyramidal neurons[J].Sci Rep,2017,7(1):3 045-3 053.
[33]ROBERTS A C,DEZGARCA J,RODRIGUIZ R M,et al.Downregulation of NR3A-Containing NMDARs Is Required for Synapse Maturation and Memory Consolidation[J].Neuron,2009,63(3):342-356.
[34]WEE S L,TAN F C K,CHEONG Y P,et al.Ontogenic Profile and Synaptic Distribution of GluN3Proteins in the Rat Brain and Hippocampal Neurons[J].Neurochem Res,2016,41(1-2):290-297.
[35]HENSON M A,ROBERTS A C,PREZOTAO I,et al.Influence of the NR3Asubunit on NMDA receptor functions[J].Prog Neurobiol,2010,91(1):23-37.
[36]PACHERNEGG S,STRUTZ-SEEBOHM N,HOLLMANN M.GluN3subunit-containing NMDA receptors:not just one-trick ponies[J].Trends Neurosci,2012,35(4):240-249.
[37]KWAK S,WEISS J H.Calcium-permeable AMPA channels in neurodegenerative disease and ischemia[J].Curr Opin Neurobiol,2006,16(3):281-287.
[38]HANSE E,SETH H,RIEBE I.AMPA-silent synapses in brain development and pathology[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2013,14(12):839-850.
[39]ANASTASIADES P G,BUTT S J B.A Role for Silent Synapses in the Development of the Pathway from Layer 2/3to 5Pyramidal Cells in the Neocortex[J].J Neurosci,2012,32(38):13 085-13 099.
[40]WISDEN W,SEEBURG P H.Mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptors[J].CurrOpin Neurobiol,1993,3(3):291-298.
[41]ISAAC J T R,ASHBY M C,MCBAIN C J.The Role of the GluR2Subunit in AMPA Receptor Function and Synaptic Plasticity[J].Neuron,2007,54(6):859-871.
[42]ROWAN M J,KLYUBIN I,CULLEN W K,et al.Synaptic plasticity in animal models of early Alzheimer's disease[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2003,358(1 432):821-828.
[43]LIAO D,SCANNEVIN R H,HUGANIR R.Activation of Silent Synapses by Rapid Activity-Dependent Synaptic Recruitment of AMPA Receptors[J].J Neurosci,2001,21(16):6 008-6 017.
[44]MONTGOMERY J M,PAVLIDIS P,MADISON D V.Pair Recordings Reveal All-Silent Synaptic Connections and the Postsynaptic Expression of Long-Term Potentiation[J].Neuron,2001,29(3):691-701.
[45]ISAAC J T R.Postsynaptic silent synapses:evidence and mechanisms[J].Neuropharmacology,2003,45(4):450-460.
[46]PELLEGRINI-GIAMPIETRO D E,GORTER J A,BENNETT M V L,et al.The GluR2(GluR-B)hypothesis:Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in neurological disorders[J].Trends Neurosci,1997,20(10):464-470.
[47]SHI S H.AMPA Receptor Dynamics and Synaptic Plasticity[J].Science,2001,294(5 548):1 851-1 852.
[48]HILL T C,ZITO K.LTP-Induced Long-Term Stabilization of Individual Nascent Dendritic Spines[J].J Neurosci,2013,33(2):678-686.
[49]MAYADEVI M,PRASEEDA M,KUMAR K S,et al.Sequence determinants on the NR2A and NR2B subunits of NMDA receptor responsible for specificity of phosphorylation by CaMKII[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2002,1 598(1):40-45.
[50]VEDDER L C,SMITH C C,FLANNIGAN A E,et al.Estradiol-induced increase in novel object recognition requires hippocampal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors[J].Hippocampus,2013,23(1):108-115.