2017年长株潭PM_(2.5)时空分布特征
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摘要
获取2017年长株潭地区24个监测站点PM2.5数据,采用数理统计和GIS空间分析方法分析其时空分布特征。结果表明:2017年长株潭地区PM2.5污染程度依次为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季;月变化上,1月污染最严重,空气质量占优率不到10%,11、12月次之,8月污染最轻,空气质量占优率达94%,是空气质量最好的月份;日变化上,早上8点左右达到日间浓度峰值,下午16点降至低谷,且夜间浓度明显高于日间浓度;长株潭地区PM2.5污染范围冬季大,夏季小,春秋居中;月度空间变化上,1月污染范围最大,2-4月逐渐缩小,5月略有扩大,6-8月退缩至全年最小,9-12月逐渐扩大。
Temporal variations and spatial distribution of PM2.5concentration in Chang-Zhu-Tan area were analyzed using mathematical statistics and GIS spatial analysis method with data collected from 24 monitoring sites in Chang-Zhu-Tan area. The results show that:In 2017, the level of pollution is winter > autumn > spring > summer in Chang-Zhu-Tan area; As for monthly variation, In January, the pollution was the most serious due to the air quality compliance rate was less than 10%, followed by November and December, the pollution was the lightest in August, and the air quality compliance rate was 94%,This month has the best air quality in a year; For one day, PM2.5 concentration reached at peak around 8:00 am and bottom around 16:00 pm, the nighttime concentration is significantly higher than the daytime concentration;PM2.5 pollution area is largest in winter, smallest in summer, centered in spring and autumn; As for monthly spatial variation, PM2.5 pollution area is largest in January, shrinking in February to April, expanding in May, retreating to the smallest in June to August, expanding from September to December.
Temporal variations and spatial distribution of PM2.5concentration in Chang-Zhu-Tan area were analyzed using mathematical statistics and GIS spatial analysis method with data collected from 24 monitoring sites in Chang-Zhu-Tan area. The results show that:In 2017, the level of pollution is winter > autumn > spring > summer in Chang-Zhu-Tan area; As for monthly variation, In January, the pollution was the most serious due to the air quality compliance rate was less than 10%, followed by November and December, the pollution was the lightest in August, and the air quality compliance rate was 94%,This month has the best air quality in a year; For one day, PM2.5 concentration reached at peak around 8:00 am and bottom around 16:00 pm, the nighttime concentration is significantly higher than the daytime concentration;PM2.5 pollution area is largest in winter, smallest in summer, centered in spring and autumn; As for monthly spatial variation, PM2.5 pollution area is largest in January, shrinking in February to April, expanding in May, retreating to the smallest in June to August, expanding from September to December.
引文
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[2]TAI A P K,MICKLEY L J,JJACOB D J.Correlations between fine particulate matter(PM2.5)and meteorological variables in the United States:Implications for the sensitivity of PM2.5 toclimate change[J].Atmospheric Environment,2010,44(32):3976-3984.
[3]LI G D,FANG C L,WANG S J,et al.The Effect of Economic Growth,Urbanization,and Industrialization on Fine Particulate Matter(PM2.5)Concentrations in China[J].Environ.Sci.Technol,2016,50(21):1452-11459.
[4]XING Y F,XU Y H,SHI M H,et al.The impact of PM2.5on the human respiratory system[J].Journal of Thoracic Disease,2016,8(1):69-74.
[5]MADRIGANO J,KLOOG I,GOLDBERG R,et al.Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and incidence of acute myocardial infarction[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2013,121(2):192-196.
[6]LEI L B,ZHANG B,BAI Y Q.A systematic analysis of PM2.5in Beijing and its sources from 2000 to 2012[J].Atmospheric Environment,2016,124:98-108.
[7]LAI SC,ZHAO Y,DING AJ,et al.Characterization of PM2.5 and the major chemical components during a 1-year campaign in rural Guangzhou,Southern China[J].Atmospheric Research,2016,167:208-215.
[8]周亮,周成虎,杨帆等.2000-2011年中国PM2.5时空演化特征及驱动因素解析[J].地理学报,2017,72(11):2080-2092.
[9]GOTO D,UEDA K,FOOK C,et al.Estimation of excess mortality due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 in Japan using a highresolution model for present and future scenarios[J].Atmospheric Environment,2016,140:320-332.
[10]谷阳阳,苏贵金,柴涛等.北京地区PM2.5浓度影响因素及估算模型[J].环境化学,2018,37(3):397-409.
[11]王占山,李云婷,陈添等.2013年北京市PM2.5的时空分布[J].地理学报,2015,70(1):18-22.
[12]陈杨欢,王杨军,张苗云等.上海市大气PM2.5时空分布特征[J].2017,11(6):3672-3677.
[13]王振波,方创琳,许光等.2014年中国城市PM2.5浓度的时空变化规律[J].地理学报,2015,70(11):1720-1734.
[14]杨冕,王银.长江经济带PM2.5时空特征及影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(1):91-100.
[15]CHEN Z Y,XIE X M,CAI J,et al.Understanding meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations across China:a temporal and spatial perspective[J].Atmos.Chem.Phys,2018,18:5343-5358.
[16]唐昀凯,刘胜华.城市土地利用类型与PM2.5浓度相关性研究--以武汉市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(9):1459-1463.
[17]段杰雄,翟卫欣,程承旗,等.中国PM2.5污染空间分布的社会经济影响因素分析[J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2499-2504.