长株潭城市群养老设施空间分异特征及影响因素
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摘要
以长株潭城市群养老机构数据为基础,运用最邻近指数、核密度估计、Ripley's K函数和热点分析等方法对长株潭城市群养老设施空间布局分异特征及影响因素进行研究。结果表明:(1)长株潭城市群养老设施总体空间布局呈"品字形"分布,分布密度北重南轻;(2)长株潭城市群不同类型养老设施空间分异较大,敬老院、老年公寓、养老院三类养老设施空间集聚程度高,其它类型养老设施空间布局分散;(3)多尺度空间视角下,养老设施集聚效应明显,冷热点集聚区在城市群层面表现出显著的"块状"分布特征;(4)老年人口分布、经济发展、交通通达性、医疗配套设施是养老设施空间分异的主要影响因素。
Based on the data from the old-age care institutions of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration, this article explores the spatial differentiation and the influencing factors of old-age care institutions in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration applying the nearest neighbor analysis, Kernel density estimation, Ripley's K function and hot spot analysis. The results show that: 1) The overall characteristics of the spatial distribution of the old-age care institutions in Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration presented a polycentric pattern,its density is heavier in the north of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration than the south; 2) The spatial differentiation of old-age care institutions at different types in the urban agglomeration of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration is relatively large, nursing home and pension apartment have a high concentration, the others presented a scattered distribution; 3) From the perspective of multi-scale space, oldage care institutions are characterized by"urban-periphery"agglomeration, at the urban agglomeration level, it shows a significant "block" distribution; 4)The distribution of the elderly population, level of economic development,transportation accessibility, and medical facilities are the main influencing factors for the spatial differentiation of old-age care institutions.
Based on the data from the old-age care institutions of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration, this article explores the spatial differentiation and the influencing factors of old-age care institutions in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration applying the nearest neighbor analysis, Kernel density estimation, Ripley's K function and hot spot analysis. The results show that: 1) The overall characteristics of the spatial distribution of the old-age care institutions in Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration presented a polycentric pattern,its density is heavier in the north of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration than the south; 2) The spatial differentiation of old-age care institutions at different types in the urban agglomeration of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration is relatively large, nursing home and pension apartment have a high concentration, the others presented a scattered distribution; 3) From the perspective of multi-scale space, oldage care institutions are characterized by"urban-periphery"agglomeration, at the urban agglomeration level, it shows a significant "block" distribution; 4)The distribution of the elderly population, level of economic development,transportation accessibility, and medical facilities are the main influencing factors for the spatial differentiation of old-age care institutions.
引文
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[15]高晓路.城市居民对养老机构的偏好特征及社区差异[J].中国软科学,2013(1):103-114.
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[19]杜国明,关桐桐,李冬梅,等.黑龙江省贫困村空间分布特[J].经济地理,2018,38(3):149-156.
[20]林娟,张欣炜,汪明峰.上海大都市区物联网产业集聚与空间化[J].人文地理,2017,32(3):131-137,145.
[21]刘浩,马琳,李国平.京津冀地区经济发展冷热点格局演化及其影响因素[J].地理研究,2017,36(1):97-108.
[22]朱慧,周根贵.国际陆港物流企业空间格局演化及其影响因素——以义乌市为例[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):98-105.
[23]杨俊,国安东,席建超,等.城市三维景观格局时空分异特征研究——以大连市中山区为例[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):646-656.
[24]苏昌贵,魏晓,刘雨婧,等.产业融合视域下健康养老产业发展研究——以郴州市为例[J].经济地理,2018,38(1):135-141.
[2] Singelenberg J,Stolarz H,Mc Call M.E. Integrated Service Areas:An Innovative Approach to Housing,Services and Sup‐ports for Older Persons Ageing in Place[J]. Journal of Commu‐nity&Applied Social Psychology,2014(1):69-73.
[3] Guo K.L,Castillo R.J. The US long term care system:Development and expansion of naturally occurring retirement communi‐ties as an innovative model for aging in place[J]. Ageing Inter‐national,2012(2):210-227.
[4] Conrad H. Economic System and Welfare Regime Dynamics in Japan since the Early 2000s-The Case of Occupational Pensions[J]. Journal of Social Policy,2012,41(1):119-140.
[5] Engels B,Liu G.J. Ageing in place:The out-of-home travel patterns of seniors in Victoria and its policy implications[J]. Ur‐ban Policy and Research,2013,31(2):168-189.
[6] Buffel T,De Donder L,Phillipson C,De Witte N,Dury S&VertéD. Place Attachment Among Older Adults Living in Four Communities in Flanders,Belgium[J]. Housing Studies,2014,29(6):800-822.
[7] Ishikawa N,Fukushige M. Dissatisfaction with dwelling environments in an aging society:an empirical analysis of the Kanto area in Japan[J]. Review of Urban&Regional Development Studies,2015(22):224-237.
[8]詹运洲,吴芳芳.老龄化背景下特大城市养老设施规划策略探索——以上海市为例[J].城市规划学刊,2014(6):38-45.
[9]孙雅玮.基于老年人口增长的上海市养老设施规划研究[J].世界地理研究,2016,25(5):121-130.
[10]季翔,肖炳科,孙强.城市机构养老服务设施规划配置布局研究——以徐州市主城区为例[J].现代城市研究,2017(2):27-32.
[11]徐怡珊,周典,仇志伟,等.基于老年人口空间分布特征的养老设施规划布局研究[J].建筑学报,2017(9):74-77.
[12]蒲新微,王宇超.家庭结构变迁下居民的养老预期及养老方式偏好研究[J].人口学刊,2016,38(4):60-66.
[13]储伶丽,郭江.基于社会老龄化的农村养老偏好分析[J].统计与决策,2016(18):107-110.
[14]林静,蔡建明,程哲.美国机构养老社区空间人本化构建及经验借鉴[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(7):903-911.
[15]高晓路.城市居民对养老机构的偏好特征及社区差异[J].中国软科学,2013(1):103-114.
[16]许昕,赵媛.南京市养老服务设施空间分布格局及可达性评价——基于时间成本的两步移动搜索法[J].现代城市研究,2017(2):2-11.
[17]丁秋贤,朱丽霞,罗静.武汉市养老设施空间可达性分析[J].人文地理,2016,31(2):36-42.
[18]牛方曲,刘卫东,宋涛,等.城市群多层次空间结构分析算法及其应用——以京津冀城市群为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(8):1 447-1 460.
[19]杜国明,关桐桐,李冬梅,等.黑龙江省贫困村空间分布特[J].经济地理,2018,38(3):149-156.
[20]林娟,张欣炜,汪明峰.上海大都市区物联网产业集聚与空间化[J].人文地理,2017,32(3):131-137,145.
[21]刘浩,马琳,李国平.京津冀地区经济发展冷热点格局演化及其影响因素[J].地理研究,2017,36(1):97-108.
[22]朱慧,周根贵.国际陆港物流企业空间格局演化及其影响因素——以义乌市为例[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):98-105.
[23]杨俊,国安东,席建超,等.城市三维景观格局时空分异特征研究——以大连市中山区为例[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):646-656.
[24]苏昌贵,魏晓,刘雨婧,等.产业融合视域下健康养老产业发展研究——以郴州市为例[J].经济地理,2018,38(1):135-141.