空间认同:城市空间研究转向中的知识前沿、趋势与启发
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摘要
中国城市化进程的快速发展,促使人们不断解构、调整和重构对城市空间的认同,这是城市化发展中不容忽视的新问题。以Web of Science(WoS)为数据源,对国外城市空间认同研究进行了分析和知识再现。研究发现:①城市空间认同是人们对城市发展中社会经济认同、文化认同、集体认同、身份认同与情感认同的集合。作为重要的国民意识,城市空间认同主题是国外学者关注的重要领域,对该领域研究的本质上是对城市空间实践中人文主义空间诉求的知识表征;②在2008～2017年的国外城市空间认同研究中,美国、英国、澳大利亚等国家具有明显优势,国际合作研究网络主要在美洲-欧洲、欧洲-澳洲,以及澳洲-欧美之间;国外城市空间认同研究高被引文献注重对"空间多中心性""地方与连续性""城市社区""城市公民身份""空间绅士化""地方主义"等方面的讨论。③未来研究更加倾向在"认同""空间""城市""地理""政治""地方",以及"社区"等新主题方面。相比较而言,国内对城市空间认同的研究较为欠缺,随着中国城市空间实践不断推向纵深阶段,需要强化城市空间认同研究的"理论自觉"。
The rapid development of China's urbanization process has prompted people to deconstruct, adjust and reconstruct urban spatial identity continously. This is a new problem that cannot be ignored in the development of urbanization in China. Urban spatial identity is an important theme in the era of urban cultural pluralism. Taking Web of Science(WoS) citation database as data source, this paper analyzes and reproduces the researches of urban spatial identity conducted abroad. The essence of urban spatial identity is the collection of people ′ s social and economic identity, cultural identity, collective identity, individual identity and emotional identity in urban development. As an important type of national consciousness, the theme of urban spatial identity is a great concern to foreign scholars. The research in this field is essentially a knowledge representation of humanistic space demands in urban spatial practice. In the study of foreign urban spatial identity from 2008 to 2017, the United States, Britain, Australia and other countries have obvious advantages. The international cooperation research networks are mainly in America-Europe, Europe-Australia, and between Australia and Europe and America. Most of the highly cited literatures on urban spatial identity abroad focus on the discussion of‘spatial multicentricity'‘locality and continuity'‘urban community'‘urban citizenship'‘space gentrification'and‘localism'. In the future, the study of urban spatial identity will turn to focus on new themes such as‘identity'‘space'‘city'‘geography'‘politics' ‘place'and‘community'. In contrast, there is a lack of research on urban spatial identity in China. With the development of urban space practice in China, it is necessary to strengthen the‘theoretical consciousness' of urban space identity research. China's urban space research needs a global perspective. Although there are differences between China's urbanization development and western developed countries, foreign research on urban space identity can provide reference and inspiration for China's urban space practice and healthy development in the new era.
The rapid development of China's urbanization process has prompted people to deconstruct, adjust and reconstruct urban spatial identity continously. This is a new problem that cannot be ignored in the development of urbanization in China. Urban spatial identity is an important theme in the era of urban cultural pluralism. Taking Web of Science(WoS) citation database as data source, this paper analyzes and reproduces the researches of urban spatial identity conducted abroad. The essence of urban spatial identity is the collection of people ′ s social and economic identity, cultural identity, collective identity, individual identity and emotional identity in urban development. As an important type of national consciousness, the theme of urban spatial identity is a great concern to foreign scholars. The research in this field is essentially a knowledge representation of humanistic space demands in urban spatial practice. In the study of foreign urban spatial identity from 2008 to 2017, the United States, Britain, Australia and other countries have obvious advantages. The international cooperation research networks are mainly in America-Europe, Europe-Australia, and between Australia and Europe and America. Most of the highly cited literatures on urban spatial identity abroad focus on the discussion of‘spatial multicentricity'‘locality and continuity'‘urban community'‘urban citizenship'‘space gentrification'and‘localism'. In the future, the study of urban spatial identity will turn to focus on new themes such as‘identity'‘space'‘city'‘geography'‘politics' ‘place'and‘community'. In contrast, there is a lack of research on urban spatial identity in China. With the development of urban space practice in China, it is necessary to strengthen the‘theoretical consciousness' of urban space identity research. China's urban space research needs a global perspective. Although there are differences between China's urbanization development and western developed countries, foreign research on urban space identity can provide reference and inspiration for China's urban space practice and healthy development in the new era.
引文
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[2]吴细玲.对城市空间认同的思考——以厦门城市空间为例[J].特区经济,2015, 340(5):43-47.[Wu Xiling. Study on urban spatial identity:Taking the urban space of Xiamen as an example.Special Economic Zone, 2015, 340(5):43-47.]
[3]Casey E S. Between Geography and Philosophy:What does it mean to be in a place-world?[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1997, 87(3):509-531.
[4]Massey D. Space, place and gender[M]. Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press, 1994:146-156.
[5]May J. Globalization and the politics of place:Place and identity in an inner London neighbourhood[J]. Transaction of the Institute of British Geographers, NS, 1996, 21(1):194-215.
[6]苏贾.后现代地理学——重申批判社会理论中的空间[M].北京:商务印书馆, 2007:116-120.[Soja E W. Postmodern Geography:Space in critical cocial theory. Beijing:The Commercial Press, 2007:116-120.]
[7]郭文.“空间的生产”内涵、逻辑体系及对中国城镇化实践的思考[J].经济地理, 2014, 34(6):33-39.[Guo Wen. Connotation,logic system and it’s reflections of production of space on Chinese urbanization practice. Economic Geography, 2014, 34(6):33-39.]
[8]陈悦,陈超美,胡志刚,等.引文空间分析原理与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2014:15-17.[Chen Yue, Chen Chaomei, Hu Zhigang et al. The principle and application of spatial analysis of citation. Beijing:Science Press, 2014:15-17.]
[9]李杰,陈超美. Citespace:科技文献挖掘及可视化[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社, 2016:34-77.[Li Jie, Chen Chaomei. Citespace:Technology literature mining and visualization.Beijing:Capital University of Economics and Business Press,2016:34-77.]
[10]Massey D. For space[M].London:Sage Publications Ltd., 2005.
[11]Valentine G. Living with difference:Reflections on geographies of encounters[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 2008, 32(3):323-337.
[12]Scannell L, Gifford R. Defining place attachment:A tripartite organizing framework[J]. Journal of Nvironmental Psychology,2009, 30(1):1-10.
[13]Podmore J. Critical commentary:Sexualities landscapes beyond homonormativity[J]. Geoforum, 2013, 49:263-267.
[14]Kooy M, Bakker K. Technologies of government:Constituting subjectivities, spaces, and infrastructures in colonial and contemporary Jakarta[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2008, 32(2):375-391.
[15]Marquez F B, Perez F P. Spatial frontiers and neo-communitarian identities in the city:The case of Santiago de Chile[J].Urban Studies, 2008, 45(7):1461-1483.
[16]Keene D E, Padilla M B. Race, class and the stigma of place:Moving to'opportunity'in Eastern Iowa[J]. Health&Place,2010, 16(6):1216-1223.
[17]Samara T R. Order and security in the city:Producing race and policing neoliberal spaces in South Africa[J]. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2010, 33(4):637-655.
[18]Wacquant L, Slater T, Pereira V B. Territorial stigmatization in action[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2014, 46(6):1270-1280.
[19]Grove J M, Locke D H, Jarlath P M et al. An ecology of prestige in New York city:Examining the relationships among population density, socio-economic status, group identity, and residential canopy cover[J]. Environmental Management A, 2014,54(3):402-419.
[20]Hervani A A, Sarkis J, Helms M M. Social sustainability:A new conceptual framework[J]. Sustainability, 2017, 9(1):68-70.
[21]Becci I, Burchardt M, Giorda M. Religious super-diversity and spatial strategies in two European cities[J]. Current Sociology,2017, 65(1):73-91.
[22]Murphy M A. Dwelling together:Observable traces and controls in residential urban spaces[J]. Space and Culture, 2017:20(1):4-23.
[23]Lefebvre H. The production of space[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,1991:31-39.
[24]Harvey D. The limits to capital[M]. Oxford:Blackwell, 1982.
[25]Harvey D. A brief history of neoliberalism[M]. London:Oxford Press, 2005:1-39, 120-151.
[26]Shaw D, Sykes O. The concept of polycentricity in European spatial planning:Reflections on its interpretation and application in the practice of spatial planning[J].International Planning Studies, 2004, 9(4):283-306.
[27]Fried M. Continuities and discontinuities of place[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2000, 20(3):193-205.
[28]Ulaby F T, Dubois P C, Zyl J V. Radar mapping of surface soil moisture[J]. Journal of Hydrology(Amsterdam), 1996, 184(1-2):57-84.
[29]Amin A. The good city[J]. Urban Studies, 2006, 43(5-6):1009-1023.
[30]Calhoun C. Community without propinquity revisited:Communications technology and the transformation of the urban public sphere[J]. Sociological Inquiry, 1998, 69(3):373-397.
[31]Secor A.“There is an istanbul that belongs to me”:Citizenship,space, and identity in the city[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2004, 94(2):352-368.
[32]Bomblies K, Yant L, Laitinen R A et al. Local-Scale patterns of genetic variability, outcrossing, and spatial structure in natural stands of arabidopsis thaliana[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2010, 6(3):1-14.
[33]Butler T. For gentrification?[J]. Environment&Planning A,2016, 39(1):162-181.
[34]Deas I, Lord A. From a new regionalism to an unusual regionalism? The emergence of non-standard regional spaces and lessons for the territorial reorganisation of the state[J]. Urban Studies, 2006, 43(10):1847-1877.
[35]Middleton J.“Stepping in time”:Walking, time, and space in the City[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2009, 41(8):1943-1961.
[36]Keith M, Pile S. The politics of place[M]//Keith M et al. Place and the politics of identity. London:Routledge, 1993:1-21.
[37]Dowling R. Geographies of identities:Landscapes of class[J].Progress in Human Geography, 2009, 33(6):833-839.
[38]Oktay D, Marans R W. Overall quality of urban life and neighborhood satisfaction:A Household Survey in the walled city of Famagusta[J]. Open House International, 2010, 35(3):27-36.
[39]Magrini M A, Catalao I. From the right to consumption to the right to the city:Contradictions and convergences[J]. Eure-revista Latinoamericana De Estudios Urbano Regionales, 2017,45(130):25-46.
[40]孙全胜.城市空间生产:性质、逻辑和意义[J].城市发展研究,2014, 21(5):39-40.[Sun Quansheng. Urban space production:Nature, logic and significance. Urban Development Research,2014, 21(5):39-40.]
[41]张晓虹,孙涛.城市空间的生产——以近代上海江湾五角场地区的城市化为例[J].地理科学,2011,31(10):1181-1188.[Zhang Xiaohong, Sun Tao. Urban space production:Urbanization of Wujiaochang area in Jiangwan town of Shanghai in 1900-1949.Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011, 31(10):1181-1188.]
[42]张艳,柴彦威.北京城市中低收入者日常活动时空间特征分析[J].地理科学,2011,31(9):1056-1064.[Zhang Yan,Chai Yanwei. The spatio-temporal activity pattern of the middle and the low-income residents in Beijing, China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011, 31(9):1056-1064.]
[43]杨晓俊,朱凯凯,陈朋艳,等.基于渗透原理的农民工城市空间融入变化规律研究[J].地理科学, 2018, 38(4):504-510.[Yang Xiaojun, Zhu Kaikai, Chen Pengyan et al. The spatial variation of migrant workers'city integration based on the principle of penetration. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2018, 38(4):504-510.]
[44]朱佩娟,贺清云,朱翔,等.论城市空间破碎化研究[J].地理研究, 2018, 37(3):480-494.[Zhu Peijuan, He Qingyun, Zhu Xiang et al. Research on urban space fragmentation. Geographical Research, 2018, 37(3):480-494.]
[45]王洋,张虹鸥,金利霞,等.中国城市社会阶层空间化评价的思路与方法[J].人文地理, 2017, 32(6):15-23.[WangYang,Zhang Hongou, Jin Lixia et al. An approach of spatial evaluation of social stratification in Chinese city. Human Geography,2017,32(6):15-23.]
[46]Kooy M, Bakker K. Technologies of government:Constituting subjectivities, spaces, and infrastructures in colonial and contemporary Jakarta[J]. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2008, 32(2):375-391.
[47]Brown G. Ceramics, clothing and other bodies:Affective geographies of homoerotic cruising encounters[J]. Social&Cultural Geography, 2008, 9(8):915-932.
[2]吴细玲.对城市空间认同的思考——以厦门城市空间为例[J].特区经济,2015, 340(5):43-47.[Wu Xiling. Study on urban spatial identity:Taking the urban space of Xiamen as an example.Special Economic Zone, 2015, 340(5):43-47.]
[3]Casey E S. Between Geography and Philosophy:What does it mean to be in a place-world?[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1997, 87(3):509-531.
[4]Massey D. Space, place and gender[M]. Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press, 1994:146-156.
[5]May J. Globalization and the politics of place:Place and identity in an inner London neighbourhood[J]. Transaction of the Institute of British Geographers, NS, 1996, 21(1):194-215.
[6]苏贾.后现代地理学——重申批判社会理论中的空间[M].北京:商务印书馆, 2007:116-120.[Soja E W. Postmodern Geography:Space in critical cocial theory. Beijing:The Commercial Press, 2007:116-120.]
[7]郭文.“空间的生产”内涵、逻辑体系及对中国城镇化实践的思考[J].经济地理, 2014, 34(6):33-39.[Guo Wen. Connotation,logic system and it’s reflections of production of space on Chinese urbanization practice. Economic Geography, 2014, 34(6):33-39.]
[8]陈悦,陈超美,胡志刚,等.引文空间分析原理与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2014:15-17.[Chen Yue, Chen Chaomei, Hu Zhigang et al. The principle and application of spatial analysis of citation. Beijing:Science Press, 2014:15-17.]
[9]李杰,陈超美. Citespace:科技文献挖掘及可视化[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社, 2016:34-77.[Li Jie, Chen Chaomei. Citespace:Technology literature mining and visualization.Beijing:Capital University of Economics and Business Press,2016:34-77.]
[10]Massey D. For space[M].London:Sage Publications Ltd., 2005.
[11]Valentine G. Living with difference:Reflections on geographies of encounters[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 2008, 32(3):323-337.
[12]Scannell L, Gifford R. Defining place attachment:A tripartite organizing framework[J]. Journal of Nvironmental Psychology,2009, 30(1):1-10.
[13]Podmore J. Critical commentary:Sexualities landscapes beyond homonormativity[J]. Geoforum, 2013, 49:263-267.
[14]Kooy M, Bakker K. Technologies of government:Constituting subjectivities, spaces, and infrastructures in colonial and contemporary Jakarta[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2008, 32(2):375-391.
[15]Marquez F B, Perez F P. Spatial frontiers and neo-communitarian identities in the city:The case of Santiago de Chile[J].Urban Studies, 2008, 45(7):1461-1483.
[16]Keene D E, Padilla M B. Race, class and the stigma of place:Moving to'opportunity'in Eastern Iowa[J]. Health&Place,2010, 16(6):1216-1223.
[17]Samara T R. Order and security in the city:Producing race and policing neoliberal spaces in South Africa[J]. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2010, 33(4):637-655.
[18]Wacquant L, Slater T, Pereira V B. Territorial stigmatization in action[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2014, 46(6):1270-1280.
[19]Grove J M, Locke D H, Jarlath P M et al. An ecology of prestige in New York city:Examining the relationships among population density, socio-economic status, group identity, and residential canopy cover[J]. Environmental Management A, 2014,54(3):402-419.
[20]Hervani A A, Sarkis J, Helms M M. Social sustainability:A new conceptual framework[J]. Sustainability, 2017, 9(1):68-70.
[21]Becci I, Burchardt M, Giorda M. Religious super-diversity and spatial strategies in two European cities[J]. Current Sociology,2017, 65(1):73-91.
[22]Murphy M A. Dwelling together:Observable traces and controls in residential urban spaces[J]. Space and Culture, 2017:20(1):4-23.
[23]Lefebvre H. The production of space[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,1991:31-39.
[24]Harvey D. The limits to capital[M]. Oxford:Blackwell, 1982.
[25]Harvey D. A brief history of neoliberalism[M]. London:Oxford Press, 2005:1-39, 120-151.
[26]Shaw D, Sykes O. The concept of polycentricity in European spatial planning:Reflections on its interpretation and application in the practice of spatial planning[J].International Planning Studies, 2004, 9(4):283-306.
[27]Fried M. Continuities and discontinuities of place[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2000, 20(3):193-205.
[28]Ulaby F T, Dubois P C, Zyl J V. Radar mapping of surface soil moisture[J]. Journal of Hydrology(Amsterdam), 1996, 184(1-2):57-84.
[29]Amin A. The good city[J]. Urban Studies, 2006, 43(5-6):1009-1023.
[30]Calhoun C. Community without propinquity revisited:Communications technology and the transformation of the urban public sphere[J]. Sociological Inquiry, 1998, 69(3):373-397.
[31]Secor A.“There is an istanbul that belongs to me”:Citizenship,space, and identity in the city[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2004, 94(2):352-368.
[32]Bomblies K, Yant L, Laitinen R A et al. Local-Scale patterns of genetic variability, outcrossing, and spatial structure in natural stands of arabidopsis thaliana[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2010, 6(3):1-14.
[33]Butler T. For gentrification?[J]. Environment&Planning A,2016, 39(1):162-181.
[34]Deas I, Lord A. From a new regionalism to an unusual regionalism? The emergence of non-standard regional spaces and lessons for the territorial reorganisation of the state[J]. Urban Studies, 2006, 43(10):1847-1877.
[35]Middleton J.“Stepping in time”:Walking, time, and space in the City[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2009, 41(8):1943-1961.
[36]Keith M, Pile S. The politics of place[M]//Keith M et al. Place and the politics of identity. London:Routledge, 1993:1-21.
[37]Dowling R. Geographies of identities:Landscapes of class[J].Progress in Human Geography, 2009, 33(6):833-839.
[38]Oktay D, Marans R W. Overall quality of urban life and neighborhood satisfaction:A Household Survey in the walled city of Famagusta[J]. Open House International, 2010, 35(3):27-36.
[39]Magrini M A, Catalao I. From the right to consumption to the right to the city:Contradictions and convergences[J]. Eure-revista Latinoamericana De Estudios Urbano Regionales, 2017,45(130):25-46.
[40]孙全胜.城市空间生产:性质、逻辑和意义[J].城市发展研究,2014, 21(5):39-40.[Sun Quansheng. Urban space production:Nature, logic and significance. Urban Development Research,2014, 21(5):39-40.]
[41]张晓虹,孙涛.城市空间的生产——以近代上海江湾五角场地区的城市化为例[J].地理科学,2011,31(10):1181-1188.[Zhang Xiaohong, Sun Tao. Urban space production:Urbanization of Wujiaochang area in Jiangwan town of Shanghai in 1900-1949.Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011, 31(10):1181-1188.]
[42]张艳,柴彦威.北京城市中低收入者日常活动时空间特征分析[J].地理科学,2011,31(9):1056-1064.[Zhang Yan,Chai Yanwei. The spatio-temporal activity pattern of the middle and the low-income residents in Beijing, China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011, 31(9):1056-1064.]
[43]杨晓俊,朱凯凯,陈朋艳,等.基于渗透原理的农民工城市空间融入变化规律研究[J].地理科学, 2018, 38(4):504-510.[Yang Xiaojun, Zhu Kaikai, Chen Pengyan et al. The spatial variation of migrant workers'city integration based on the principle of penetration. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2018, 38(4):504-510.]
[44]朱佩娟,贺清云,朱翔,等.论城市空间破碎化研究[J].地理研究, 2018, 37(3):480-494.[Zhu Peijuan, He Qingyun, Zhu Xiang et al. Research on urban space fragmentation. Geographical Research, 2018, 37(3):480-494.]
[45]王洋,张虹鸥,金利霞,等.中国城市社会阶层空间化评价的思路与方法[J].人文地理, 2017, 32(6):15-23.[WangYang,Zhang Hongou, Jin Lixia et al. An approach of spatial evaluation of social stratification in Chinese city. Human Geography,2017,32(6):15-23.]
[46]Kooy M, Bakker K. Technologies of government:Constituting subjectivities, spaces, and infrastructures in colonial and contemporary Jakarta[J]. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2008, 32(2):375-391.
[47]Brown G. Ceramics, clothing and other bodies:Affective geographies of homoerotic cruising encounters[J]. Social&Cultural Geography, 2008, 9(8):915-932.