中国滨海河口海湾湿地生态系统研究进展——以长江口为例
|
摘要
在全球气候变化的背景条件下,中国河口海湾生态系统的研究逐渐深入和系统化,研究热点开始关注国际公约中的重要生态敏感区,大大缩短了与国际学术界同类研究的差距。以长江口为例,由于河口海湾地区处于海洋、陆地和河流生态系统相互作用的界面上,具有开放度高、敏感度高、脆弱性高和稳定性低的"三高一低"特征。针对长江口大量滩涂栖息地被围垦和侵占的现状,提出了在长江口受损湿地构建人工替代栖息地进行人工优化的途径。中国河口海湾研究不仅需要开展国际、国内交流,还要广泛争取国际组织的资助和合作,探索跨学科、跨行业、跨地区参与动态保护管理和开发利用,使以长江三角洲为代表的中国滨海河口海湾三角洲地区的保护开发和资源利用实现可持续的生态文明。
In the context of global climate change, the research on coastal estuarine ecosystem in China gradually become deepening and systematic. Studies have been focused on important ecological sensitive areas of international conventions as research hot spots, which narrow the gap between China and international community of similar studies. Yangtze estuary was taken as an example, it is located in the interface of sea, land and river ecosystem. Thus, it is characterized as highly open, sensitive, very fragile and low stability area. As the intertidal habitats in the Yangtze estuary were encroached and reclaimed, the artificial alternative habitats could be artificial optimization approach to restore the damaged habitats. The coastal estuarine research in China, not only needs international and domestic communications, but also endeavors widely to obtain assistance and cooperation from international organizations, and explores dynamic interdisciplinary, cross-industry, cross-regional participation in management and development and utilization. According to these measurements, conservation and development of China's coastal estuaries in bay deltas represented by the Yangtze River delta as well as resource utilization can eventually achieve the sustainable ecological civilization.
In the context of global climate change, the research on coastal estuarine ecosystem in China gradually become deepening and systematic. Studies have been focused on important ecological sensitive areas of international conventions as research hot spots, which narrow the gap between China and international community of similar studies. Yangtze estuary was taken as an example, it is located in the interface of sea, land and river ecosystem. Thus, it is characterized as highly open, sensitive, very fragile and low stability area. As the intertidal habitats in the Yangtze estuary were encroached and reclaimed, the artificial alternative habitats could be artificial optimization approach to restore the damaged habitats. The coastal estuarine research in China, not only needs international and domestic communications, but also endeavors widely to obtain assistance and cooperation from international organizations, and explores dynamic interdisciplinary, cross-industry, cross-regional participation in management and development and utilization. According to these measurements, conservation and development of China's coastal estuaries in bay deltas represented by the Yangtze River delta as well as resource utilization can eventually achieve the sustainable ecological civilization.
引文
蔡友铭,袁晓.2008.上海水鸟[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
蔡友铭,周云轩,田波.2014.上海湿地(第二版)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
曹磊,宋金明,李学刚,等.2013.中国滨海盐沼湿地碳收支与碳循环过程研究进展[J].生态学报,33(17):5141-5152
陈吉余.2000.开发浅海滩涂资源拓展我国的生存空间[J].中国工程科学,2(3):27-31
陈吉余,陈沈良.2002.中国河口海岸面临的挑战[J].海洋地质动态,18(1):1-5
陈家宽,雷光春,王学雷.2010.长江中下游湿地自然保护区:有效管理十佳案例分析[M].上海:复旦大学出版社
高宇,王卿,何美梅,等.2007.滩涂作业对上海崇明东滩自然保护区的影响评价[J].生态学报,27(9):3752-3760
高宇,张婷婷,庄平.2016.基于人工替代栖息地的长江口湿地系统规划[J].环境与可持续发展,41(3):154-158
高宇,赵斌.2006.人类围垦活动对上海崇明东滩滩涂发育的影响[J].中国农学通报,22(8):475-479
高宇,赵峰,庄平,等.2015.长江口滨海湿地的保护利用与发展[J].科学,67(4):39-42
郭海强,顾永剑,李博,等.2007.全球碳通量东滩野外观测站的建立[J].湿地科学与管理,3(1):30-33
马涛,陈家宽.2008.长江河口湿地保护与可持续利用[J].园林(11):12-14
沈焕庭,林卫青.2015.上海长江口水源地环境分析与战略选择[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
孙永涛,张金池.2011.长江口北支湿地自然保护区生态评价[J].湿地科学与管理,7(1):25-28
汤臣栋.2012.崇明东滩行鸟鹬类迁徙的环志研究[J].湿地科学与管理,8(1):38-42
姚东方,赵峰,高宇,等.2014.浮床植物芦苇在长江口水域的生长特性及对氮、磷的固定能力[J].上海海洋大学学报,23(5):753-757
章海波,骆永明,刘兴华,等.2015.海岸带蓝碳研究及其展望[J].中国科学:地球科学,45(11):1641-1648
赵峰,黄孝锋,张涛,等.2015.利用人工飘浮湿地恢复长江口生物多样性研究初探[J].渔业信息与战略,30(4):288-292
庄平.2008.河口水生生物多样性与可持续发展[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
庄平,王幼槐,李圣法,等.2006.长江口鱼类[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
Costanza R,DArge R,DeGroot R,et al.1997.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Nature,387:253-260
Gao Z G,Zhang L Q.2006.Multi-seasonal spectral characteristics analysis of coastal salt marsh vegetation in Shanghai,China[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,69:217-224
Ma Z,Gan X,C-Y C,et al.2014.Effects of invasive cordgrass on presence of Marsh Grassbird in an area where it is not native[J].Conservation Biology,28(1):150-158
Ma Z,Melville D S,Liu J,et al.2014.Rethinking China's new great wall[J].Science,346:912-914
Mitsch W J,Bernal B,Nahlik A M,et al.2013.Wetlands,carbon,and climate change[J].Landscape Ecology,28(4):583-597
Ouyang Z T,Gao Y,Xie X,et al.2013.Spectral Discrimination of the Invasive Plant Spartina Alterniflora at Multiple Phenological Stages in a Saltmarsh Wetland[J].PLoS ONE,6(8):e67315
Tian B,Zhou Y,Thom R,et al.2015.Detecting wetland changes in Shanghai,China using FORMOSAT and Landsat TM imagery[J].Journal of Hydrology,529:1-10
Wei W,Mei X,Dai Z,et al.2016.Recent morphodynamic evolution of the largest uninhibited island in the Yangtze(Changjiang)estuary during 1998-2014:Influence of the anthropogenic interference[J].Continental Shelf Research,124:83-94
Yan Y E,Ouyang Z T,Guo H Q,et al.2010.
Detecting the spatiotemporal changes of tidal flood in the estuarine wetland by using MODIS time series data[J].Journal of Hydrology,384(1/2):156-163
蔡友铭,周云轩,田波.2014.上海湿地(第二版)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
曹磊,宋金明,李学刚,等.2013.中国滨海盐沼湿地碳收支与碳循环过程研究进展[J].生态学报,33(17):5141-5152
陈吉余.2000.开发浅海滩涂资源拓展我国的生存空间[J].中国工程科学,2(3):27-31
陈吉余,陈沈良.2002.中国河口海岸面临的挑战[J].海洋地质动态,18(1):1-5
陈家宽,雷光春,王学雷.2010.长江中下游湿地自然保护区:有效管理十佳案例分析[M].上海:复旦大学出版社
高宇,王卿,何美梅,等.2007.滩涂作业对上海崇明东滩自然保护区的影响评价[J].生态学报,27(9):3752-3760
高宇,张婷婷,庄平.2016.基于人工替代栖息地的长江口湿地系统规划[J].环境与可持续发展,41(3):154-158
高宇,赵斌.2006.人类围垦活动对上海崇明东滩滩涂发育的影响[J].中国农学通报,22(8):475-479
高宇,赵峰,庄平,等.2015.长江口滨海湿地的保护利用与发展[J].科学,67(4):39-42
郭海强,顾永剑,李博,等.2007.全球碳通量东滩野外观测站的建立[J].湿地科学与管理,3(1):30-33
马涛,陈家宽.2008.长江河口湿地保护与可持续利用[J].园林(11):12-14
沈焕庭,林卫青.2015.上海长江口水源地环境分析与战略选择[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
孙永涛,张金池.2011.长江口北支湿地自然保护区生态评价[J].湿地科学与管理,7(1):25-28
汤臣栋.2012.崇明东滩行鸟鹬类迁徙的环志研究[J].湿地科学与管理,8(1):38-42
姚东方,赵峰,高宇,等.2014.浮床植物芦苇在长江口水域的生长特性及对氮、磷的固定能力[J].上海海洋大学学报,23(5):753-757
章海波,骆永明,刘兴华,等.2015.海岸带蓝碳研究及其展望[J].中国科学:地球科学,45(11):1641-1648
赵峰,黄孝锋,张涛,等.2015.利用人工飘浮湿地恢复长江口生物多样性研究初探[J].渔业信息与战略,30(4):288-292
庄平.2008.河口水生生物多样性与可持续发展[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
庄平,王幼槐,李圣法,等.2006.长江口鱼类[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社
Costanza R,DArge R,DeGroot R,et al.1997.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Nature,387:253-260
Gao Z G,Zhang L Q.2006.Multi-seasonal spectral characteristics analysis of coastal salt marsh vegetation in Shanghai,China[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,69:217-224
Ma Z,Gan X,C-Y C,et al.2014.Effects of invasive cordgrass on presence of Marsh Grassbird in an area where it is not native[J].Conservation Biology,28(1):150-158
Ma Z,Melville D S,Liu J,et al.2014.Rethinking China's new great wall[J].Science,346:912-914
Mitsch W J,Bernal B,Nahlik A M,et al.2013.Wetlands,carbon,and climate change[J].Landscape Ecology,28(4):583-597
Ouyang Z T,Gao Y,Xie X,et al.2013.Spectral Discrimination of the Invasive Plant Spartina Alterniflora at Multiple Phenological Stages in a Saltmarsh Wetland[J].PLoS ONE,6(8):e67315
Tian B,Zhou Y,Thom R,et al.2015.Detecting wetland changes in Shanghai,China using FORMOSAT and Landsat TM imagery[J].Journal of Hydrology,529:1-10
Wei W,Mei X,Dai Z,et al.2016.Recent morphodynamic evolution of the largest uninhibited island in the Yangtze(Changjiang)estuary during 1998-2014:Influence of the anthropogenic interference[J].Continental Shelf Research,124:83-94
Yan Y E,Ouyang Z T,Guo H Q,et al.2010.
Detecting the spatiotemporal changes of tidal flood in the estuarine wetland by using MODIS time series data[J].Journal of Hydrology,384(1/2):156-163