长江江苏段饮用水水源地生态风险评价
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摘要
运用压力-状态-响应模型,通过主成分分析法构建包括农药化肥施用强度、植被覆盖率、环保投资占GDP比例、水土流失率、水环境自净能力和土壤侵蚀强度等6个指标的饮用水水源地生态风险评价指标体系。采用层次分析法和专家咨询相结合确定指标权重,构建长江江苏段生态风险评价模型。以长江江浦-浦口水源地为例,利用遥感软件及地理信息系统(RS/GIS)量化生态风险评价的指标,计算得到江浦-浦口水源地生态风险值为0.3657,处于较低风险度范围。
Based on the pressure-state-response( PSR) model and principal component analysis,the ecological risk assessment index system of drinking water source area was constructed,which included 6 indexes,such as pesticide fertilizer application intensity,vegetation coverage,environmental protection investment proportion to GDP,soil erosion rate,water environment self-purification capacity and soil erosion intensity. In order to construct the ecological risk assessment model of Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River,analytic hierarchy process( AHP) and expert consultation were used to determine the index weight. Taking Jiangpu-Pukou water source area of the Yangtze River as an example,using remote sensing software and geographic information system( RS/GIS) to quantify the indexes of ecological risk assessment,the ecological risk value of Jiangpu-Pukou water source area was calculated to be 0. 365 7,which was a lower risk degree.
Based on the pressure-state-response( PSR) model and principal component analysis,the ecological risk assessment index system of drinking water source area was constructed,which included 6 indexes,such as pesticide fertilizer application intensity,vegetation coverage,environmental protection investment proportion to GDP,soil erosion rate,water environment self-purification capacity and soil erosion intensity. In order to construct the ecological risk assessment model of Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River,analytic hierarchy process( AHP) and expert consultation were used to determine the index weight. Taking Jiangpu-Pukou water source area of the Yangtze River as an example,using remote sensing software and geographic information system( RS/GIS) to quantify the indexes of ecological risk assessment,the ecological risk value of Jiangpu-Pukou water source area was calculated to be 0. 365 7,which was a lower risk degree.
引文
[1]郑金秀.我国饮用水水源地生态评价现状及发展探讨[C]//中国原水论坛专辑.北京:中国水利学会,2010:361-365.
[2]郭先华.城市水源地生态风险评价及水质安全管理[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2008.
[3]王耕,王利,吴伟.基于GIS的辽河干流饮用水源地生态安全演变趋势[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2548-2553.(WANG Geng,WANG Li,WU Wei.Ecological security evolvement trend of drinking water areas along Liaohe River[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(11):2548-2553.(in Chinese))
[4]廖晓玉.遥感与GIS支持下的饮用水水源地生态环境评价分析[C]//中国水利学会2015学术年会论文集:上册.北京:中国水利学会,2015:317-324.
[5]王静雅,何政伟,于欢.GIS与层次分析法相结合的生态环境综合评价研究:以渝西地区为例[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(增刊2):1268-1272.(WANG Jingya,HEZhengwei,YU Huan.Combination of GIS and AHPcomprehensive assessment evaluation of the eco-logical environment:a case study in Western Chongqing[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2011,20(Sup2):1268-1272.(in Chinese))
[6]朱红云,杨桂山,董雅文.江苏长江干流饮用水源地生态安全评价与保护研究[J].资源科学,2004(6):90-96.(ZHU Hongyun,YANG Guishan,DONG Yawen.Protection and evaluation of ecological Security of source areas of drinking water along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province[J].Resources Science,2004(6):90-96.(in Chinese))
[7]高兴国,王磊,齐代华,等.基于PSR模型的湿地生态安全评价:以大山包湿地为例[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2013,36(1):86-90.(GAO Xingguo,WANGLei,QI Daihua,et al.Eco-security evaluation of wetland based on PSR model:taking Dashanbao Wetlang as an example[J].Journal of Natural Scinence of Human Normal University,2013,36(1):86-90.(in Chinese))
[8]王繄玮,陈星,朱琰,等.基于PSR的城市水生态安全评价体系研究:以“五水共治”治水模式下的临海市为例[J].水资源保护,2016,32(2):82-86.(WANGYiwei,CHEN Xing,ZHU Yan,et al.Study of urban aquatic ecological security evaluation system based on PSRmodel:a case study in Linhai City under mode of cogovernance on fiver water categories[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(2):82-86.(in Chinese))
[9]郝光玲,王烜,罗阳,等.基于改进的综合评价模型的北京市水资源短缺风险评价[J].水资源保护,2017,33(6):27-31.(HAO Guangling,WANG Xuan,LUO Yang,et al.Assessment of water shortage risk in Beijing based on improved comprehensive evaluation model[J].Water Resources Protection,2017,33(6):27-31.(in Chinese))
[10]于凤存,方国华.饮用水水源地综合预警指标体系构建的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2011(8):93-95.(YUFengcun,FANG Guohua.Research on comprehensive early-warning index system of drinking water area[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2011(8):93-95.(in Chinese))
[11]何贝贝,李绍飞,朱习爱.天津市水环境安全评价及其指标体系研究[J].水资源保护,2016,32(1):125-129.(HE Beibei,LI Shaofei,ZHU Xi'ai.Study on water environment security evaluation and index system in Tianjin City[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(1):125-129.(in Chinese))
[12]于凤存,方国华,肖秋英.集中式饮用水水源地安全预警系统框架的研建[J].灾害学,2008(4):21-24.(YUFengcun,FANG Guohua,XIAO Qiuying.Safety warning system for water source area of centralized drinking water[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2008(4):21-24.(in Chinese))
[13]杨竹.基于AHP-模糊评价法的水源涵养生态环境评价[D].北京:中国地质大学,2016.
[14]冯利华,骆高远.区域水环境自净能力的定量评价[J].环境保护科学,2002,28(5):23-24.(FENG Lihua,LUOGaoyuan.Quantitative evaluation on self-purification of water environment of area[J].Environmental Protection Science,2002,28(5):23-24.(in Chinese))
[2]郭先华.城市水源地生态风险评价及水质安全管理[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2008.
[3]王耕,王利,吴伟.基于GIS的辽河干流饮用水源地生态安全演变趋势[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2548-2553.(WANG Geng,WANG Li,WU Wei.Ecological security evolvement trend of drinking water areas along Liaohe River[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(11):2548-2553.(in Chinese))
[4]廖晓玉.遥感与GIS支持下的饮用水水源地生态环境评价分析[C]//中国水利学会2015学术年会论文集:上册.北京:中国水利学会,2015:317-324.
[5]王静雅,何政伟,于欢.GIS与层次分析法相结合的生态环境综合评价研究:以渝西地区为例[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(增刊2):1268-1272.(WANG Jingya,HEZhengwei,YU Huan.Combination of GIS and AHPcomprehensive assessment evaluation of the eco-logical environment:a case study in Western Chongqing[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2011,20(Sup2):1268-1272.(in Chinese))
[6]朱红云,杨桂山,董雅文.江苏长江干流饮用水源地生态安全评价与保护研究[J].资源科学,2004(6):90-96.(ZHU Hongyun,YANG Guishan,DONG Yawen.Protection and evaluation of ecological Security of source areas of drinking water along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province[J].Resources Science,2004(6):90-96.(in Chinese))
[7]高兴国,王磊,齐代华,等.基于PSR模型的湿地生态安全评价:以大山包湿地为例[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2013,36(1):86-90.(GAO Xingguo,WANGLei,QI Daihua,et al.Eco-security evaluation of wetland based on PSR model:taking Dashanbao Wetlang as an example[J].Journal of Natural Scinence of Human Normal University,2013,36(1):86-90.(in Chinese))
[8]王繄玮,陈星,朱琰,等.基于PSR的城市水生态安全评价体系研究:以“五水共治”治水模式下的临海市为例[J].水资源保护,2016,32(2):82-86.(WANGYiwei,CHEN Xing,ZHU Yan,et al.Study of urban aquatic ecological security evaluation system based on PSRmodel:a case study in Linhai City under mode of cogovernance on fiver water categories[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(2):82-86.(in Chinese))
[9]郝光玲,王烜,罗阳,等.基于改进的综合评价模型的北京市水资源短缺风险评价[J].水资源保护,2017,33(6):27-31.(HAO Guangling,WANG Xuan,LUO Yang,et al.Assessment of water shortage risk in Beijing based on improved comprehensive evaluation model[J].Water Resources Protection,2017,33(6):27-31.(in Chinese))
[10]于凤存,方国华.饮用水水源地综合预警指标体系构建的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2011(8):93-95.(YUFengcun,FANG Guohua.Research on comprehensive early-warning index system of drinking water area[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2011(8):93-95.(in Chinese))
[11]何贝贝,李绍飞,朱习爱.天津市水环境安全评价及其指标体系研究[J].水资源保护,2016,32(1):125-129.(HE Beibei,LI Shaofei,ZHU Xi'ai.Study on water environment security evaluation and index system in Tianjin City[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(1):125-129.(in Chinese))
[12]于凤存,方国华,肖秋英.集中式饮用水水源地安全预警系统框架的研建[J].灾害学,2008(4):21-24.(YUFengcun,FANG Guohua,XIAO Qiuying.Safety warning system for water source area of centralized drinking water[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2008(4):21-24.(in Chinese))
[13]杨竹.基于AHP-模糊评价法的水源涵养生态环境评价[D].北京:中国地质大学,2016.
[14]冯利华,骆高远.区域水环境自净能力的定量评价[J].环境保护科学,2002,28(5):23-24.(FENG Lihua,LUOGaoyuan.Quantitative evaluation on self-purification of water environment of area[J].Environmental Protection Science,2002,28(5):23-24.(in Chinese))