长连接管形式对尾水进口压力和涌浪影响研究
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摘要
抽水蓄能电站中,根据尾水调压室长连接管管径和阻抗孔孔径是否一致,可将尾水调压室分为两种形式。分别建立了这两种不同长连接管形式的调压室边界条件数学模型。以特征线法为理论基础并结合工程实例,对不同连接管管径和阻抗孔孔径的若干组合方案进行过渡过程的数值模拟,并计算了各组合方案中阻抗孔局部水头损失系数,同时分析不同组合方案中阻抗孔局部水头损失系数的差异及其对尾水进口压力水头和涌浪水位的影响。结果表明:增大连接管管径或者阻抗孔孔径均会增大尾水进口最小压力水头和尾水调压室最高涌浪水位。连接管与阻抗孔直径相等与连接管管径略大于阻抗孔孔径的方案相比,两者尾水进口最小压力水头相差较小,但后者可以更为明显地降低调压室最高涌浪水位,这一结论可以为工程中连接管和阻抗孔直径的选取提供参考。
In pumped storage power stations,according to whether diameter of the standpipe and the throttled orifice is same or not,the tailrace surge chamber can be divided into two types. The mathematical models of boundary conditions in the throttled surge chamber with two different types of long standpipe were established. Based on the method of characteristic and combined with the engineering example,transient process of several combination programs of different diameters of the standpipe and throttled orifice were simulated numerically and head loss coefficient of throttled orifice in combination programs was calculated. And the difference of combination programs' head loss coefficient and its influence on upsurge and draft tube pressure were analyzed. The results show that increasing the diameter of the standpipe or throttled orifice can make minimum pressure at draft tube inlet and the maximum upsurge rise. The combination program that diameter of the standpipe and the throttled orifice is same compared with the combination program that diameter of the standpipe is slightly larger than that of throttled orifice,the difference of minimum draft tube pressure is small but the latter can more significantly reduce the maximum upsurge. The conclusion can provide references for the selection of diameter of the standpipe and throttled orifice in engineering.
In pumped storage power stations,according to whether diameter of the standpipe and the throttled orifice is same or not,the tailrace surge chamber can be divided into two types. The mathematical models of boundary conditions in the throttled surge chamber with two different types of long standpipe were established. Based on the method of characteristic and combined with the engineering example,transient process of several combination programs of different diameters of the standpipe and throttled orifice were simulated numerically and head loss coefficient of throttled orifice in combination programs was calculated. And the difference of combination programs' head loss coefficient and its influence on upsurge and draft tube pressure were analyzed. The results show that increasing the diameter of the standpipe or throttled orifice can make minimum pressure at draft tube inlet and the maximum upsurge rise. The combination program that diameter of the standpipe and the throttled orifice is same compared with the combination program that diameter of the standpipe is slightly larger than that of throttled orifice,the difference of minimum draft tube pressure is small but the latter can more significantly reduce the maximum upsurge. The conclusion can provide references for the selection of diameter of the standpipe and throttled orifice in engineering.
引文
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[10]CHEN Sheng,ZHANG Jian,YU Xiaodong.Optimization of Two-Stage Closure Law of Turbine Wicket Gates and Its Application[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,24(9):636-641.
[2]AN Jianfeng,ZHANG Jian,CHEN Sheng.Coefficients of Local Head Losses in Steady-State Flow of Throttled Surge Tanks with Standpipe by CFD[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,677:290-295.
[3]程永光,陈鉴治,杨建东.连接管长度对调压井水位波动和水锤压力的影响[J].水利学报,2003,34(5):46-51.
[4]王超,杨建东.连接管长度对调压室稳定面积和小波动调节品质的影响[J].水力发电学报,2015,34(1):93-98.
[5]胡祥伟,胡明.调压室连接管尺寸对水位波动和水击压力的影响分析[J].水电能源科学,2013,31(4):89-92.
[6]刘畅,程永光.长连接管和分流调压室的波动稳定和衰减特性[J].水电能源科学,2012,30(2):131-135.
[7]CHAUDHRY M H.Applied Hydraulic Transients[J].Van Nostrand Reinhold Co,1979,15(1):143-144.
[8]杨开林.电站与泵站中的水力瞬变及调节[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000:7-24.
[9]赵振兴,何建京.水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009:120-129.
[10]CHEN Sheng,ZHANG Jian,YU Xiaodong.Optimization of Two-Stage Closure Law of Turbine Wicket Gates and Its Application[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,24(9):636-641.