新型长锚索预加固合成采矿技术研究
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摘要
平水铜矿空场法采场内顶板、矿体上盘围岩破碎时,将会严重影响采矿安全和达标,因此采矿时必须先考虑控制顶板的移动和垮冒。为此,先分析顶板岩体工程地质条件和计算拱顶压力,后采用系列力学理论方法计算长锚索加固等各参数,确定采场上盘的各支护参数。然而加固顶板的施工难度和成本均较大,为此微调整布孔参数和支护参数之间的关系,采用加深上向部分中深孔采矿炮孔至待支体内,炮孔的加深部分在围岩内作为锚索孔进行加固,通过此项新型长锚索预加固技术的研究开发既较好地控制了上盘围岩移动和垮冒,确保了采场的安全和经济达标,又大大节约了支护工程成本。
The broken surrounding rocks at the top floor of stope and the upper part of ore-body in Pingshui Copper Mine with stoping method will seriously affect the mining safety and the standard hitting. Therefore,controlling the movement and collapse of the roof must be considered firstly. According to this,the engineering geological conditions of the roof rock are analyzed and the vault pressure is calculated. Then,the parameters of the long anchorage cable are calculated by series of mechanics theory to determine the support parameters of the upper plate. However,the construction difficulty in and cost of reinforcing roof is high. For this,reinforcement can be realized by adjusting the relationship between the parameters of anchor holes and the parameters of supporting and deepening the medium-depth mining hole at the upper part into the delay support body where the deepened part is considered as the anchor hole in the surrounding rock. The research and development of the new-type pre-reinforcement technology of the long anchor cable can control the movement and collapse of the surrounding rock well and ensure the stope safety and the economic standard. Also it greatly lowers the costs of supporting.
The broken surrounding rocks at the top floor of stope and the upper part of ore-body in Pingshui Copper Mine with stoping method will seriously affect the mining safety and the standard hitting. Therefore,controlling the movement and collapse of the roof must be considered firstly. According to this,the engineering geological conditions of the roof rock are analyzed and the vault pressure is calculated. Then,the parameters of the long anchorage cable are calculated by series of mechanics theory to determine the support parameters of the upper plate. However,the construction difficulty in and cost of reinforcing roof is high. For this,reinforcement can be realized by adjusting the relationship between the parameters of anchor holes and the parameters of supporting and deepening the medium-depth mining hole at the upper part into the delay support body where the deepened part is considered as the anchor hole in the surrounding rock. The research and development of the new-type pre-reinforcement technology of the long anchor cable can control the movement and collapse of the surrounding rock well and ensure the stope safety and the economic standard. Also it greatly lowers the costs of supporting.
引文
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[3]康红普,林健,杨景贺,等.松软破碎硐室群围岩应力分布及综合加固技术[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(5):808-814.Kang Hongpu,Lin Jian,Yang Jinghe,et al.Stress distribution and synthetic reinforcement technology for chamber group with soft and fractured surrounding rock[J].Chinese Journal of geotechnical engineering,2011,33(5):808-814.
[4]康红普,林健,杨景贺,等.松软破碎井筒综合加固技术研究与实践[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(4):447-452.Kang Hongpu,Lin Jian,Yang Jinghe,et al.Study and practice on combined technology for reinforcing soft and fractured shaft[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2010,27(4):447-452.
[5]刘文朝.采动影响下破碎围岩巷道注浆加固支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(6):17-20.Liu Wenzhao.Grouting reinforcement support technology for gateway with broken surrounding rock under the mining activity influences[J].Coal Science and Technology,2009,37(6):17-20.
[6]王旭锋,张东生,邵鹏,等.深部软岩锚喷支护巷道快速掘进技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011(3);415-419.Wang Xufeng,Zhang Dongsheng,Shao Peng,et al.A rapid excavation technology for shotcreting and bolting roadway in deep soft rock[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2011(3).415-419.
[7]蔡斌,喻勇《.工程岩体分级标准》与Q分类法、RMR分类法的关系及变形参数估算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,10(8):1677-1679.Cai Bin,Yu Yong.Relationship among national code,Q system and RMR in rockmass classification and evaluation of deformation parameter[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,10(8):1677-1679.
[8]李学华,杨宏敏,等.动压软岩巷道锚注加固机理与应用研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012(4);234-238.Li Xuehua,Yang Hongmin,et al.Research on bolt-grouting reinforcement technology in dynamic pressure and soft rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2012(4):234-238.