含铌中铬耐磨铸钢的摩擦磨损行为
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摘要
使用立式MM-W1型销盘摩擦磨损试验机进行含铌中铬耐磨铸钢的室温干滑动摩擦磨损实验,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)观察磨损表面形貌和亚表层的组织变化,研究了Nb含量对这种钢的磨损行为和磨损机制的影响。结果表明,加入0.2%(质量分数,下同)的Nb形成的不连续棒状铌碳化物和晶粒细化提高了试验钢的耐磨性能。但是,Nb含量过高则使钢发生严重的组织变形和生成粗大网状碳化物,使磨损表面脱落而降低耐磨性能。随着试验载荷的增大,含0.2%Nb试验钢的磨损机理从轻微磨粒磨损向黏着磨损和氧化磨损转变。
Tribological behavior of experimental medium chromium wear-resistant cast steels with different niobium addition was investigated by using the MM-W1 pin-on-disc friction and wear tester at room temperature. The microstructure of the worn surface and subsurface were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer, aiming to reveal the effect of Nb content on the wear behavior and mechanism for the steels. The results show that the addition of 0.2%(mass fraction) Nb can effectively increase the wear resistance of the steel due to the formation of discontinuous rod-like Nb carbides and the effect of grain refinement. An excess addition of Nb can reduce the wear resistance due to the occurrence of coarse mesh carbides and microstructural distortions, which then causes spallation of the worn surface. The 0.2%Nb test steel presented an evolvement of wear mechanism from slight abrasive wear to adhesive wear and oxidation wear.
Tribological behavior of experimental medium chromium wear-resistant cast steels with different niobium addition was investigated by using the MM-W1 pin-on-disc friction and wear tester at room temperature. The microstructure of the worn surface and subsurface were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer, aiming to reveal the effect of Nb content on the wear behavior and mechanism for the steels. The results show that the addition of 0.2%(mass fraction) Nb can effectively increase the wear resistance of the steel due to the formation of discontinuous rod-like Nb carbides and the effect of grain refinement. An excess addition of Nb can reduce the wear resistance due to the occurrence of coarse mesh carbides and microstructural distortions, which then causes spallation of the worn surface. The 0.2%Nb test steel presented an evolvement of wear mechanism from slight abrasive wear to adhesive wear and oxidation wear.
引文
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[2]Filipovic M, Kamberovic Z, Korac M, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr-C-Nb white cast irons[J]. Mater.Des., 2013, 47(11):41
[3]Zhi X, Xing J, Fu H, et al. Effect of niobium on the as-cast micro-structure of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron[J]. Mater.Lett., 2008, 62(6-7):857
[4]Fiset M, Peev K, Radulovic M. The influence of niobium on frac-ture toughness and abrasion resistance in high-chromium white cast irons[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 1993, 12(9):615
[5]Fu H G. 500 Questions of Wear-resistant Material[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press, 2011(符寒光.耐磨材料500问[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2011)
[6]Maalekian M, Radis R, Militzer M, et al. In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed-steel[J]. Acta Mater., 2012, 60(3):1015
[7]Zhou L H, Wei X C, Wang C Y, et al. Relationship between dry sliding tribological behavior and grain sizes for T10 Steel[J].Chin. J. Mater. Res., 2017, 31(11):833(周路海,韦习成,王春燕等. T10钢的干滑动摩擦学行为与晶粒尺寸的关系[J].材料研究学报, 2017, 31(11):833)
[8]Wang S Q, Jiang Q C, Sui X M, et al. Wear resistance of ledeburite cast die steel with granular carbide[J]. Tribology, 1999, 19(1):33(王树奇,姜启川,隋学民等.具有粒状碳化物的莱氏体型铸造模具钢的耐磨性研究[J].摩擦学学报, 1999, 19(1):33)
[9]Zhang T, Cao J, Teng L D, et al. Effect of Nb on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium Cr wear-resistant cast steel[J].China Foundry, 2017, 66(10):1100(张拓,曹静,滕铝丹等. Nb对中铬耐磨铸钢组织及力学性能的影响[J].铸造, 2017, 66(10):1100)
[10]CITIC microalloying technology center. Niobium Science&Tech-nology[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2003(中信微合金化技术中心.铌·科学与技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2003)
[11]Rubtsov V E,Kolubeav A V. Plastic deformation and quasi-periodic vibrations in a tribological system[J]. Tech. Phys., 2004, 49(11):1457
[12]Rubtsov V E, Kolubeav A V. Study of plastic shear deformation in surface layer at friction. Simulation results Part I. Model descrip-tion[J]. J. Frict. Wear, 2007, 28(1):65
[13]Trummer G, Marte C, Scheriau S, et al. Modeling wear and rolling contact fatigue:Parametric study and experimental results[J].Wear, 2016, 366:71
[14]Shi Z, Bloyce A, Sun Y, et al. Influence of surface melting on dry rolling-sliding wear of aluminium bronze against steel[J]. Wear,1996, 198(1-2):300
[15]Kim H J, Emge A, Winter R E, et al. Nanostructures generated by explosively driven friction:Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations[J]. Acta Mater., 2009, 57(17):5270
[16]Wang W, Song R, Peng S, et al. Multiphase steel with improved impact-abrasive wear resistance in comparison with conventional Hadfield steel[J]. Mater. Des., 2016, 105:96
[17]Yin C, Liang Y, Jiang Y, et al. Formation of nano-laminated struc-tures in a dry sliding wear-induced layer under different wear mechanisms of 20CrNi2Mo steel[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2017, 423:305
[18]Suh N P. An overview of the delamination theory of wear[J].Wear, 1977, 44(1):1