镍渣熔融氧化过程中磁铁矿相生成热力学研究
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摘要
针对镍渣中铁资源的回收利用,对镍渣熔融氧化过程中的物相演变行为进行了热力学分析计算,分析了渣中铁组元以磁铁矿相析出的趋势,并通过实验验证了热力学计算结果.研究结果表明:镍渣中铁组元主要赋存于铁橄榄石相及铁镁橄榄石相中,氧化性气氛下添加Ca O可促进铁橄榄石分解并生成磁铁矿.氧分压pO2/pθ=0. 21时,碱度0. 6的氧化熔渣中可析出Fe3O4尖晶石固溶体,析出磁铁矿颗粒粒径为50~200μm.熔融氧化法可实现镍渣中铁组元向磁铁矿相的富集,且有利于后续的磁选分离.
In view of the utilization of iron resources in nickel slag,the thermodynamic analysis and calculation on the phase evolution during the molten oxidation process were carried out,and the precipitating possibility of iron component as magnetite phase was analyzed. The results of thermodynamic calculation were verified by the experiments. The study results show that the iron component in nickel slag exists mainly as fayalite phase and hortonolite phase,and the addition of CaO in oxidizing atmosphere favors the decomposition of fayalite phase and formation of magnetite phase. The Fe3 O4 spinel solid solution can be precipitated from the nickel slag under the conditions of slag basicity of 0. 6 and oxygen partial pressure of 0. 21. It is identified by the experiment results that the iron component can be enriched effectively into the magnetite phase through the molten oxidation method,and the particle size of precipitated magnetite ranges from 50 to 200 μm,which is conducive to the subsequent magnetic separation.
In view of the utilization of iron resources in nickel slag,the thermodynamic analysis and calculation on the phase evolution during the molten oxidation process were carried out,and the precipitating possibility of iron component as magnetite phase was analyzed. The results of thermodynamic calculation were verified by the experiments. The study results show that the iron component in nickel slag exists mainly as fayalite phase and hortonolite phase,and the addition of CaO in oxidizing atmosphere favors the decomposition of fayalite phase and formation of magnetite phase. The Fe3 O4 spinel solid solution can be precipitated from the nickel slag under the conditions of slag basicity of 0. 6 and oxygen partial pressure of 0. 21. It is identified by the experiment results that the iron component can be enriched effectively into the magnetite phase through the molten oxidation method,and the particle size of precipitated magnetite ranges from 50 to 200 μm,which is conducive to the subsequent magnetic separation.
引文
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[3]曹战民,孙根生,Richter K,等.金川镍闪速熔炼渣的物相与铜镍分布[J].北京科技大学学报,2001,23(4):316-319.(Cao Zhanmin, Sun Gensheng, Richter K, et al.M icrostructure and metal distribution in Jinchuan nickel flash smelting slag[J]. Journal of U niversity of Science and T echnology Beijing,2001,23(4):316-319.)
[4] Ullrich K,Becker K D. Kinetics and diffusion of defects in fayalitic,Fe2Si O4[J]. Solid State Ionics,2001,141(1):307-312.
[5] Pan J,Zheng G L,Zhu D Q,et al. Utilization of nickel slag using selective reduction follow ed by magnetic separation[J].T ransactions of N onferrous M etals Society of C hina,2013,23(11):3421-3427.
[6]倪文,贾岩,郑斐,等.金川镍弃渣铁资源回收综合利用[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(08):975-980.(Ni Wen, Jia Yan, Zheng Fei, et al. Comprehensive utilization of iron recovery from Jinchuan nickel residue[J].Journal of U niversity of Science and T echnology Beijing,2010,32(08):975-980.)
[7]李国洲,申莹莹,马泳波,等.碱度对熔融改质镍渣中磁铁矿相析出长大的影响[J].过程工程学报,2017,17(4):791-796.(Li Guozhou,Shen Yingying,Ma Yongbo,et al. Effect of basicity on precipitation and grow th of magnetite phase from modified molten nickel slag[J]. T he C hinese Journal of Process Engineering,2017,17(4):791-796.)
[8]张林楠,张力,王明玉,等.高铁Ca O-Fe Ox-Si O2体系的氧化机理[J].材料研究学报,2006,20(1):79-82.(Zhang Linnan, Zhang Li, Wang Mingyu, et al. The oxidization mechanism in C a O-Fe O x-Si O2system w ith high iron content[J]. C hinese Journal of M aterials R esearch,2006,20(1):79-82.)
[9]郭子亮,崔雅茹,户可,等.镍冶炼渣中Ca O-Si O2-Fe O-M gO系炉渣热力学与物相平衡研究[J].铸造技术,2017(1):138-41.(Guo Ziliang,Cui Yaru,Hu Ke,et al. Study on phase equilibria and thermodynamics of C a O-Si O2-Fe O-M gO based slag in nickel smelting process[J]. Foundry T echnology,2017(1):138-41.)
[10]倪文,马明生,王亚利,等.熔融还原法镍渣炼铁的热力学与动力学[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(2):163-168.(Ni Wen, Ma Mingsheng, Wang Yali, et al.T hermodynamics and kinetic in recovery of iron from nickel residue[J]. Journal of U niversity of Science and T echnology Beijing,2009,31(2):163-168.)
[11]曹洪杨,付念新,王慈公,等.铜渣中铁组分的选择性析出与分离[J].矿产综合利用,2009(2):8-11.(Cao Hongyang,Fu Nianxin,Wang Cigong,et al. Selective precipitation and separation of Fe components from copper smelting slags[J]. M ultipurpose U tilization of M ineral R esources,2009(2):8-11.)
[12]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013:362-370.(Huang Xihu. Principles of iron and steel metallurgy[M].Beijing:M etallurgical Industry Press,2013:362-370.)
[13]赵丽树. Ca O-Si O2-Al2O3-M gO-FetO渣系热力学性能的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013.(Zhao Lishu. Study on thermodynamics properties of Ca OSi O2-Al2O3-M gO-FetO slag[D]. Shenyang:N ortheastern U niversity,2013.)
[14]傅崇说.有色冶金原理[M].第2版.北京:冶金工业出版社,1993:20-80.(Fu Chongshuo. Principles of nonferrous metallurgy[M].Beijing:M etallurgical Industry Press,1993:20-80.)
[15] Yadav U S,Pandey B D,Das B K,et al. Influence of magnesia on sintering characteristics of iron ore[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2002,29(2):91-95.