倾斜煤层开采沉陷预计模型的构建
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摘要
概率积分法在我国煤矿开采地表沉陷预计领域得到了广泛应用,该方法具有对称分布特征,在水平煤层开采沉陷预计时精度最好,而倾斜煤层开采后地表下沉盆地的形态往往呈现偏态性,采用该方法对其进行预计偏差较大。针对此问题,建立了工作面随体坐标系和地表直角坐标系,利用随机介质理论在工作面随体坐标系中实现单元开采沉陷影响的叠加积分运算,然后将工作面随体坐标系中地表某点的沉陷影响转换到地表直角坐标系中,最终构建地表直角坐标系下的倾斜煤层开采沉陷偏态预计模型。分析认为,倾斜煤层单元开采引起的地表下沉符合威布尔偏态分布规律,结合实例对预计模型的有效性进行了验证。该模型预计精度随煤层倾角的增加而逐渐降低,研究结果可为相似矿区的沉陷预计提供理论和技术支持。
Probability integral method has been widely used in the prediction of coal mine surface subsidence in china. This prediction method has symmetrical distribution characteristics,and has the best accuracy in subsidence prediction of horizontal coal seam mining. After inclined coal seam mined out,the shape of surface subsidence basin tended to be skewed. When the probability integral method was used to predict,the prediction deviation was larger. To solve this problem,the paper established a body coordinate of coal face and surface rectangular coordinate system,using the stochastic medium theory to realize the superposition integral operation of unit mining subsidence influence in the frame of coordinate system of coal face,and established the mining subsidence prediction skewness model of inclined coal seam in the surface rectangular coordinate system. The analysis results showed that the surface subsidence caused by inclined coal seam mining is in line with the Weibull distribution law,and the validity of the prediction model is verified by an example. The study conclusions can provide theoretical and technical support for subsidence prediction of similar mining area.
Probability integral method has been widely used in the prediction of coal mine surface subsidence in china. This prediction method has symmetrical distribution characteristics,and has the best accuracy in subsidence prediction of horizontal coal seam mining. After inclined coal seam mined out,the shape of surface subsidence basin tended to be skewed. When the probability integral method was used to predict,the prediction deviation was larger. To solve this problem,the paper established a body coordinate of coal face and surface rectangular coordinate system,using the stochastic medium theory to realize the superposition integral operation of unit mining subsidence influence in the frame of coordinate system of coal face,and established the mining subsidence prediction skewness model of inclined coal seam in the surface rectangular coordinate system. The analysis results showed that the surface subsidence caused by inclined coal seam mining is in line with the Weibull distribution law,and the validity of the prediction model is verified by an example. The study conclusions can provide theoretical and technical support for subsidence prediction of similar mining area.
引文
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[11]于广明,谢和平,张玉卓,等.节理对开采沉陷的影响规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(6):99-101.YU G M,XIE H P,ZHANG Y Z,et al.Study on influence of joints on mining subsidence[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(6):99-101.
[12]何国清,杨伦,凌赓娣,等.矿山开采沉陷学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1991.HE G Q,YANG L,LENG G T,et al.Mining subsidence theory[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1991.
[13]中国矿业学院,阜新矿业学院,焦作矿业学院.煤矿岩层与地表移动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981.CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY,FUXIN MINING AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE,JIAOZUO MINING AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE.Strata and ground movement due to coal mining[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1981.
[14]刘辉,何春桂,邓喀中,等.开采引起地表塌陷型裂缝的形成机理分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):380-384.LIU H,HE C G,DENG K Z,et al.Analysis of forming mechanism of collapsing ground fissure caused by mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):380-384.
[15]邹友峰,邓喀中,马伟民.矿山开采沉陷工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003.ZOU Y F,DENG K Z,MA W M.Mining subsidence engineering[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2003.
[2]门建光,王硕,袁瑞甫,等.倾斜煤层煤柱覆岩结构特征及应力分布规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(5):21-24.MEN J G,WANG S,YUAN R F,et al.Study on overburden strata structure features and stress distribution law of coal pillar in inclined seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(5):21-24.
[3]王志强,陈超凡,王磊,等.倾斜煤层防水煤岩柱尺寸留设的技术优化研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(5):735-738.WANG Z Q,CHEN C F,WANG L,et al.Research on reasonable size of waterproof pillar in mining inclined coal seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(5):735-738.
[4]孙建.倾斜煤层底板破坏特征及突水机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.SUN J.Failure characteristics and water-inrush mechanism of an inclined coal seam floor[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2011.
[5]郭文兵,刘大超,白二虎.基于概率积分法的下沉曲线公式修正[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(3):357-362.GUO W B,LIU D C,BAI E H.Modification of subsidence prediction formula based on probability integral method[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2016,35(3):357-362.
[6]张强.倾斜煤层开采条件下的地表移动变形预计[J].煤炭与化工,2017,40(7):49-52.ZHANG Q.Deformation prediction of surface movement under the conditions of inclined coal seam mining[J].Coal and Chemical Industry,2017,40(7):49-52.
[7]田国灿,徐乃忠,高超.基于下沉等影响原理的倾斜煤层开采沉陷预计方法及应用[J].煤矿开采,2017,22(2):65-68.TIAN G C,XU N Z,GAO C.Prediction method and application of incline coal seam mining subsidence based on subsidence principle[J].Coal Mining Technology,2017,22(2):65-68.
[8]尹光志,张东明,魏作安,等.倾斜煤层矿山开采沉陷分析[J].有色金属,2003(3):104-108.YI G Z,ZHANG D M,WEI Z A,et al.Mining subsidence of inclined strata coal mine[J].Nonferrous metals,2003(3):104-108.
[9]袁长丰,袁子晋,刘世波,等.考虑节理几何特征的地表沉陷预计方法[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(4):620-623.YUAN Z F,YUAN Z J,LIU S B,et al.The prediction method for surface subsidence considering the geometrical characteristics of joints[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(4):620-623.
[10]邵军.单组节理岩体采动沉陷模拟研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2003.SHAO J.Simulation of subsidence due to mining in rock mass with the single groun Joint[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical University,2003.
[11]于广明,谢和平,张玉卓,等.节理对开采沉陷的影响规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(6):99-101.YU G M,XIE H P,ZHANG Y Z,et al.Study on influence of joints on mining subsidence[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(6):99-101.
[12]何国清,杨伦,凌赓娣,等.矿山开采沉陷学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1991.HE G Q,YANG L,LENG G T,et al.Mining subsidence theory[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1991.
[13]中国矿业学院,阜新矿业学院,焦作矿业学院.煤矿岩层与地表移动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981.CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY,FUXIN MINING AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE,JIAOZUO MINING AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE.Strata and ground movement due to coal mining[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1981.
[14]刘辉,何春桂,邓喀中,等.开采引起地表塌陷型裂缝的形成机理分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):380-384.LIU H,HE C G,DENG K Z,et al.Analysis of forming mechanism of collapsing ground fissure caused by mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):380-384.
[15]邹友峰,邓喀中,马伟民.矿山开采沉陷工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003.ZOU Y F,DENG K Z,MA W M.Mining subsidence engineering[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2003.