阿克苏地区人间布鲁氏菌病疫情调查分析
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摘要
目的:通过开展主动监测,了解阿克苏地区人间布鲁氏菌病疫情特点,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法:收集并分析2014年中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统,阿克苏地区各级医疗机构布病报告疫情。在全地区9县(市)开展布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查。每县(市)分层流行病学调查3 000人,年龄在6~60岁之间,既往已确诊报告的布病病人不在此次调查范围。每县(市)抽取有布病可疑临床症状和体征者血样1 000份。在每县(市)问卷形式调查不同人群600人以上进行防治知识测试。结果:2014年阿克苏地区新发布病病例1 285例,总体发病率为53.99/10万,其中各级医疗机构全年报告发病数576例,布病流调27 197人,血清学检测11 840人,阳性709份,阳性率5.99%,确诊新发病例709例,患病率2.6%。结论:主动监测较被动监测能够发现更多的病人,尤其是急性期布病病人。建议在医疗卫生机构建立"三位一体"的防治模式,及时发现、诊断和治疗病人,避免布病慢性化。
Objective: To provide evidence for the prevention and control measures by carrying out active monitoring to understand the characteristics of human brucella disease in Aksu region.Methods:Collected and analyzed the management system of Chinese disease surveillance information report in 2014,and reported the epidemic disease by medical institutions at all levels in Aksu region.An epidemiological survey of brucellosis was conducted in9 counties(cities) throughout the region.Each county(city) stratified epidemiological survey chose 3 000 people,aged between 6 and 60 years old without previous reported brucellosis.Each county(city) selected 1 000 blood samples of suspicious clinical symptoms and signs.In each county(city) carried more than 600 questionnaires for the prevention and control knowledge test.Results:New disease cases was 1 285 in Aksu region in 2014,the overall incidence was53.99/0.1 million,including annual reported incidence of 576 cases by medical institutions at all levels,brucella flow27 197,serological detection 11 840,709 positive,positive rate of 5.99%,709 new cases diagnosed,prevalence rate was 2.6%.Conclusion:Active monitoring can detect more patients than passive surveillance,especially in patients with acute stage disease.Furthermore,it is recommended to establish a "trinity" prevention and control mode in medical and health institutions to detect,diagnose and treat patients in time to avoid chronic diseases.
Objective: To provide evidence for the prevention and control measures by carrying out active monitoring to understand the characteristics of human brucella disease in Aksu region.Methods:Collected and analyzed the management system of Chinese disease surveillance information report in 2014,and reported the epidemic disease by medical institutions at all levels in Aksu region.An epidemiological survey of brucellosis was conducted in9 counties(cities) throughout the region.Each county(city) stratified epidemiological survey chose 3 000 people,aged between 6 and 60 years old without previous reported brucellosis.Each county(city) selected 1 000 blood samples of suspicious clinical symptoms and signs.In each county(city) carried more than 600 questionnaires for the prevention and control knowledge test.Results:New disease cases was 1 285 in Aksu region in 2014,the overall incidence was53.99/0.1 million,including annual reported incidence of 576 cases by medical institutions at all levels,brucella flow27 197,serological detection 11 840,709 positive,positive rate of 5.99%,709 new cases diagnosed,prevalence rate was 2.6%.Conclusion:Active monitoring can detect more patients than passive surveillance,especially in patients with acute stage disease.Furthermore,it is recommended to establish a "trinity" prevention and control mode in medical and health institutions to detect,diagnose and treat patients in time to avoid chronic diseases.
引文
[1]卫生部疾病预防控制局.布鲁氏菌病防治手册[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2008
[2]张瑞娟,陈海英,高润平.布鲁氏菌病诊治的回顾性分析[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2009,24(5):356-357
[3]王志祥,杨炬,李丽,等.2010-2012年宁夏布鲁氏菌病流行病学分析[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2014,35(6):553-555
[4]尉瑞平,张庆华,范蒙光,等.191例布病病人的流行病学分析[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(2):191-192
[5]李晔,余晓花,李铁峰,等.2006-2010年国家级监测点布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析[J].中国地方病杂志,2012,31(4):405-408
[6]冮森林,王季秋,王大力,等.近年我国布氏菌病疫情及其分析[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2005,20(5):297-300
[7]王鼎盛,王建国,梁效成,等.2000-2010年甘肃省人间布鲁氏菌病动态分析[J].中国地方病杂志,2011,31(13):198-200
[8]李燕霞,郭娜娜,果丽平,等.邯郸市2008-2010年布鲁氏菌病疫情分析[J].医学动物防制,2014,30(3):69-271
[2]张瑞娟,陈海英,高润平.布鲁氏菌病诊治的回顾性分析[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2009,24(5):356-357
[3]王志祥,杨炬,李丽,等.2010-2012年宁夏布鲁氏菌病流行病学分析[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2014,35(6):553-555
[4]尉瑞平,张庆华,范蒙光,等.191例布病病人的流行病学分析[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(2):191-192
[5]李晔,余晓花,李铁峰,等.2006-2010年国家级监测点布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析[J].中国地方病杂志,2012,31(4):405-408
[6]冮森林,王季秋,王大力,等.近年我国布氏菌病疫情及其分析[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2005,20(5):297-300
[7]王鼎盛,王建国,梁效成,等.2000-2010年甘肃省人间布鲁氏菌病动态分析[J].中国地方病杂志,2011,31(13):198-200
[8]李燕霞,郭娜娜,果丽平,等.邯郸市2008-2010年布鲁氏菌病疫情分析[J].医学动物防制,2014,30(3):69-271