粤东莲花山断裂带动力变质作用与动力变质热液成矿
|
摘要
莲花山断裂带是广东省内已知最重要的锡铜多金属成矿带,仅在其南西段200 km范围内分布的北山嶂–九龙嶂、棉洋–双华、五指嶂–锅子嶂、梅陇–鲘门–观音山4个动力变质带中就已探明有大、中型锡多金属矿床7处,前人将这类矿床类型归结为岩浆热液矿床或斑岩型矿床。本文通过对新发现的金坑锡铜多金属矿床地质、岩石地球化学等特征分析,探讨动力变质热液与成矿的关系和机理,研究表明该类矿床产出位置严格受到动力变质带的控制,矿体主要沿着片理化、面理化分布,局部切割了早期片理;与成矿密切相关的蚀变主要有石榴石化、硅化和绿泥石化,属于动力变质热液改造矿床。动力变质热液成矿发生在晚侏罗世的左行剪切动力变质作用过程中,而成矿物质主要来自上侏罗统高基坪群火山岩。现产于4个动力变质带的矿床及矿点成因大多属同一类别,且存在巨大的找矿空间,通过进一步勘查工作本区有望成为华南地区乃至全国重要的锡铜多金属成矿带。
The Lianhuashan fault is the most important tin and copper polymetallic ore belt in Guangdong province. Seven medium-to large-sized ore deposits have been found in the southwest part of the Lianhuashan fault which is about 200 km long and consists of four dynamic metamorphic belts. The geological and geochemical characteristics of the newly discovered Jinkeng tin polymetallic deposit demonstrated a genetic relationship between the dynamic metamorphism and the hydrothermal mineralization, which contrasts with the hypothesis of magmatic hydrothermal origin previously proposed by other researchers. A dynamic metamorphic hydrothermal origin for the Jinkeng deposit is supported by geological evidence such as 1) the orebodies are strictly controlled by the dynamic metamorphic belts; 2) the ore veins mainly occur along the sheet, plane and occasionally cut the early cleavage; 3) ore-related alteration includes garnetization, silicification, and chloritization. These deposits are dynamic metamorphic hydrothermal origin related to the late Jurassic left-lateral shear dynamic metamorphism, and the ore metals are mainly derived from the volcanic rocks of the Upper Jurassic Gaojiping Group. In light of our new metallogenetic model, the Lianhuashan fault is very promising for ore prospecting, and possibly becomes one of the most economically significant Sn-Cu ore belts in South China.
The Lianhuashan fault is the most important tin and copper polymetallic ore belt in Guangdong province. Seven medium-to large-sized ore deposits have been found in the southwest part of the Lianhuashan fault which is about 200 km long and consists of four dynamic metamorphic belts. The geological and geochemical characteristics of the newly discovered Jinkeng tin polymetallic deposit demonstrated a genetic relationship between the dynamic metamorphism and the hydrothermal mineralization, which contrasts with the hypothesis of magmatic hydrothermal origin previously proposed by other researchers. A dynamic metamorphic hydrothermal origin for the Jinkeng deposit is supported by geological evidence such as 1) the orebodies are strictly controlled by the dynamic metamorphic belts; 2) the ore veins mainly occur along the sheet, plane and occasionally cut the early cleavage; 3) ore-related alteration includes garnetization, silicification, and chloritization. These deposits are dynamic metamorphic hydrothermal origin related to the late Jurassic left-lateral shear dynamic metamorphism, and the ore metals are mainly derived from the volcanic rocks of the Upper Jurassic Gaojiping Group. In light of our new metallogenetic model, the Lianhuashan fault is very promising for ore prospecting, and possibly becomes one of the most economically significant Sn-Cu ore belts in South China.
引文
陈毓川,王登红.2012.华南地区中生代岩浆成矿作用的四大问题.大地构造与成矿学,36(3):315-321.
古润平,卜安,陈少青.2009.广东省揭西金坑铜锡铅锌矿区矿床地质特征与远景预测.资源调查与环境,36(2):109-114.
管申进.2010.Cu-Pb-Zn-Mo-W在含水流体/花岗质熔体间分配的实验研究.北京:中国科学院大学博士学位论文:30-47.
广东省有色金属地质局.2017.广东莲花山锡铜多金属矿整装勘查区专项填图与技术应用示范报告.
广东省有色金属地质局.2018.广东双华-平安镇地区矿产地质调查报告.
广东省有色金属地质局九三一队.2015.广东省揭西县金坑矿区铜锡铅锌矿普查报告.
郭锐.2008.粤东成矿地质背景及银铜铅锌成矿特征研究.长沙:中南大学博士学位论文:42-60.
郭锐,曾国光.2008.粤东成矿地质背景及银-铜-铅-锌成矿物质来源探讨.矿产与地质,22(3):236-240.
胡晓燕,毕献武,尚林波,胡瑞忠,蔡国盛,陈佑纬.2009.氟氯共存体系锡在流/熔体相间分配的实验研究.科学通报,54(11):1552-1561.
华仁民,李光来,张文兰,胡东泉,陈培荣,陈卫锋,王旭东.2008.华南钨和锡大规模成矿作用的差异及其原因初探.矿产地质,29(1):9-23.
李建超,丘元禧.1990.广东莲花山燕山早期断裂动热变质带的基本特征及形成机制的探讨.长春地质学院学报,(1):11-20,123.
刘经纬,陈军胜,陈斌.2016.赣东北高分异花岗斑岩的成因及其对钨矿化的意义.矿物岩石地球化学通报,35(6):1156-1180.
毛景文,谢桂青,李晓峰,张长青,梅燕雄.2004.华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展.地学前缘,11(1):45-55.
彭省临,曾骥良.1990.铅锌在花岗质硅酸盐熔体和共存含水流体间分配机理的实验研究.岩石学报,(2):12-19,97.
钱敏.2015.德兴斑岩铜矿床蚀变与矿化特征研究.北京:中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文:9-40.
丘增旺.2017.粤东金坑锡多金属矿床动力学背景及成矿作用研究.广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所博士学位论文:74-96.
丘增旺,王核,闫庆贺,李莎莎,汪礼明,卜安,魏小鹏,李沛,慕生禄.2017.广东陶锡湖锡多金属矿床花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义.大地构造与成矿学,41(3):516-532.
舒良树,周新民.2002.中国东南部晚中生代构造格架.地质论评,48(3):249-260.
舒良树,周新民,邓平,余心起.2006.南岭构造带的基本地质特征.地质论评,52(3):251-265.
舒良树,周新民,邓平,余心起,王彬,祖辅平.2004.中国东南部中、新生代盆地特征与构造演化.地质通报,23(9-10):876-884.
孙文龙.2017.铜陵地区高钾钙碱性侵入岩成矿分带性研究.合肥:合肥工业大学硕士学位论文:12-50.
汪礼明,王军,王核,卜安,郭锐,王涌泉,朱沛云.2016.广东莲花山断裂带动力变质成矿作用新认识.地质论评,62(增刊):91-93.
王军,万传辉,文昌生,王模坚.2014.粤东塘唇钨锡矿区地质特征及其主要控矿因素.资源环境与工程,28(3):280-283.
徐先兵,张岳桥,贾东,舒良树,王瑞瑞.2009.华南早中生代大地构造过程.中国地质,36(3):573-593.
杨晓君,付建明,马丽艳,李祥能,徐德明,魏君奇.2008.粤北梅子窝钨锡矿床地质特征及其成矿年龄研究.大地构造与成矿学,32(3):346-351.
翟伟,李兆麟,孙晓明,黄栋林,梁金龙,苗来成.2006.粤西河台金矿锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义.地质论评,52(5):690-699.
赵博,张德会,张荣臻,石成龙.2015.富F熔体-溶液流体体系的地球化学性状及成矿效应研究进展.地质科学,50(1):222-240.
周新民,陈培荣,徐夕生.2007.南岭地区晚中生代花岗岩成因与岩石圈动力学演化.北京:科学出版社.
邹和平,王建华,丘元禧.2010.广东南澳和莲花山韧性剪切带40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义.地球学报,21(4):356-364.
Qiu Z W,Yan Q H,Li S S,Wang H,Tong L X,Zhang R Q,Wei X P,Li P,Wang L M,Bu A and Yan L M.2017.Highly fractionated Early Cretaceous I-type granites and related Sn polymetallic mineralization in the Jinkeng deposit,eastern Guangdong,SE China:Constraints from geochronology,geochemistry,and Hf isotopes.Ore Geology Reviews,88:718-738.
古润平,卜安,陈少青.2009.广东省揭西金坑铜锡铅锌矿区矿床地质特征与远景预测.资源调查与环境,36(2):109-114.
管申进.2010.Cu-Pb-Zn-Mo-W在含水流体/花岗质熔体间分配的实验研究.北京:中国科学院大学博士学位论文:30-47.
广东省有色金属地质局.2017.广东莲花山锡铜多金属矿整装勘查区专项填图与技术应用示范报告.
广东省有色金属地质局.2018.广东双华-平安镇地区矿产地质调查报告.
广东省有色金属地质局九三一队.2015.广东省揭西县金坑矿区铜锡铅锌矿普查报告.
郭锐.2008.粤东成矿地质背景及银铜铅锌成矿特征研究.长沙:中南大学博士学位论文:42-60.
郭锐,曾国光.2008.粤东成矿地质背景及银-铜-铅-锌成矿物质来源探讨.矿产与地质,22(3):236-240.
胡晓燕,毕献武,尚林波,胡瑞忠,蔡国盛,陈佑纬.2009.氟氯共存体系锡在流/熔体相间分配的实验研究.科学通报,54(11):1552-1561.
华仁民,李光来,张文兰,胡东泉,陈培荣,陈卫锋,王旭东.2008.华南钨和锡大规模成矿作用的差异及其原因初探.矿产地质,29(1):9-23.
李建超,丘元禧.1990.广东莲花山燕山早期断裂动热变质带的基本特征及形成机制的探讨.长春地质学院学报,(1):11-20,123.
刘经纬,陈军胜,陈斌.2016.赣东北高分异花岗斑岩的成因及其对钨矿化的意义.矿物岩石地球化学通报,35(6):1156-1180.
毛景文,谢桂青,李晓峰,张长青,梅燕雄.2004.华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展.地学前缘,11(1):45-55.
彭省临,曾骥良.1990.铅锌在花岗质硅酸盐熔体和共存含水流体间分配机理的实验研究.岩石学报,(2):12-19,97.
钱敏.2015.德兴斑岩铜矿床蚀变与矿化特征研究.北京:中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文:9-40.
丘增旺.2017.粤东金坑锡多金属矿床动力学背景及成矿作用研究.广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所博士学位论文:74-96.
丘增旺,王核,闫庆贺,李莎莎,汪礼明,卜安,魏小鹏,李沛,慕生禄.2017.广东陶锡湖锡多金属矿床花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义.大地构造与成矿学,41(3):516-532.
舒良树,周新民.2002.中国东南部晚中生代构造格架.地质论评,48(3):249-260.
舒良树,周新民,邓平,余心起.2006.南岭构造带的基本地质特征.地质论评,52(3):251-265.
舒良树,周新民,邓平,余心起,王彬,祖辅平.2004.中国东南部中、新生代盆地特征与构造演化.地质通报,23(9-10):876-884.
孙文龙.2017.铜陵地区高钾钙碱性侵入岩成矿分带性研究.合肥:合肥工业大学硕士学位论文:12-50.
汪礼明,王军,王核,卜安,郭锐,王涌泉,朱沛云.2016.广东莲花山断裂带动力变质成矿作用新认识.地质论评,62(增刊):91-93.
王军,万传辉,文昌生,王模坚.2014.粤东塘唇钨锡矿区地质特征及其主要控矿因素.资源环境与工程,28(3):280-283.
徐先兵,张岳桥,贾东,舒良树,王瑞瑞.2009.华南早中生代大地构造过程.中国地质,36(3):573-593.
杨晓君,付建明,马丽艳,李祥能,徐德明,魏君奇.2008.粤北梅子窝钨锡矿床地质特征及其成矿年龄研究.大地构造与成矿学,32(3):346-351.
翟伟,李兆麟,孙晓明,黄栋林,梁金龙,苗来成.2006.粤西河台金矿锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义.地质论评,52(5):690-699.
赵博,张德会,张荣臻,石成龙.2015.富F熔体-溶液流体体系的地球化学性状及成矿效应研究进展.地质科学,50(1):222-240.
周新民,陈培荣,徐夕生.2007.南岭地区晚中生代花岗岩成因与岩石圈动力学演化.北京:科学出版社.
邹和平,王建华,丘元禧.2010.广东南澳和莲花山韧性剪切带40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义.地球学报,21(4):356-364.
Qiu Z W,Yan Q H,Li S S,Wang H,Tong L X,Zhang R Q,Wei X P,Li P,Wang L M,Bu A and Yan L M.2017.Highly fractionated Early Cretaceous I-type granites and related Sn polymetallic mineralization in the Jinkeng deposit,eastern Guangdong,SE China:Constraints from geochronology,geochemistry,and Hf isotopes.Ore Geology Reviews,88:718-738.