柿庄南区块煤层气高产潜力井低产因素分析
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摘要
为了研究柿庄南区块部分煤层气高产潜力井产气效果不佳的原因,通过分析煤层煤体结构和顶底板特征,结合水力压裂效果分析,并与高产井排采制度对比,分析总结了典型井低产原因。结果表明:水力压裂效果直接影响煤层气井产能,在改善煤储层渗透性的同时也可能沟通含水层造成煤层气井低产;在排采初期的单相排水阶段和两相流产气上升阶段,排采制度的不合理也是造成高产潜力井低产的重要原因,这2个阶段排采制度的合理控制会对未来整个产气过程产生影响;控制裂缝高度和压裂规模以避免穿透隔水层,最大限度使裂缝在煤层中深远扩展,同时合理制定排采制度,是煤层气增产潜力井二次压裂改造后长期高效开发的关键。
In order to study a poor gas production effect cause of partial coalbed methane high potential wells in Southern Shizhuang Block,with the analysis on the coal structure and the roof and floor characteristics of the seam,in combination with the analysis on the hydraulic fracturing effect and in comparison with the gas drainage system of the high production well,the paper analyzed and summarized the low production causes of the typical well. The results showed that the hydraulic fracturing effect would directly affect to the production capacity of the coalbed methane well and could improve the permeability of the coal reservoir,also would connect with the aquifer and could cause the low production of the coalbed methane well. During the single-phase water drainage stage and the gas-liquid two-phase flow gas production rising stage at the gas drainage initial period,irrational gas drainage system would be an important cause of the low production for the high production potential well. During the two stages,a rational control of the gas drainage system would have the influences to the future whole gas production process. The control of the cracking height and the fracturing scale to eliminate the penetration of the aquifer could maximally make the cracking far expanded in the seam. Also the rational gas drainage system would be the key of a long term high efficient development after the second fracturing reconstruction of the coalbed methane production improved potential well.
In order to study a poor gas production effect cause of partial coalbed methane high potential wells in Southern Shizhuang Block,with the analysis on the coal structure and the roof and floor characteristics of the seam,in combination with the analysis on the hydraulic fracturing effect and in comparison with the gas drainage system of the high production well,the paper analyzed and summarized the low production causes of the typical well. The results showed that the hydraulic fracturing effect would directly affect to the production capacity of the coalbed methane well and could improve the permeability of the coal reservoir,also would connect with the aquifer and could cause the low production of the coalbed methane well. During the single-phase water drainage stage and the gas-liquid two-phase flow gas production rising stage at the gas drainage initial period,irrational gas drainage system would be an important cause of the low production for the high production potential well. During the two stages,a rational control of the gas drainage system would have the influences to the future whole gas production process. The control of the cracking height and the fracturing scale to eliminate the penetration of the aquifer could maximally make the cracking far expanded in the seam. Also the rational gas drainage system would be the key of a long term high efficient development after the second fracturing reconstruction of the coalbed methane production improved potential well.
引文
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[16]FU Xuehai,QIN Yong,Wang G G X,et al.Evaluation of coal structure andpermeability with the aid of geophysical logging technology[J].Fuel,2009,88:2278-2285.
[17]TENG Juan,YAO Yanbin,LIU Dameng,et al.Evaluation of coal texture distributions in the southern Qinshui basin,North China:Investigation by a multiple geophysical logging method[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2015,140:9-22.
[18]张松航,唐书恒,李忠城,等.煤层气井产出水化学特征及变化规律:以沁水盆地柿庄南区块为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(2):292-299.ZHANG Songhang,TANG Shuheng,LI Zhongcheng,et al.The hydrochemical characteristics and ion changes of thecoproduced water:taking Shizhuangnan block,south of the Qinshui basin as an example[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(2):292-299.
[19]倪小明,苏现波,张小东.煤层气开发地质学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[20]吴国代,桑树勋,杨志刚,等.地应力影响煤层气勘探开发的研究现状与展望[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(4):31-34.WU Guodai,SANG Shuxun,YANG Zhigang,et al.Current research status and prospect of geo-stress impact on CBM exploration and exploitation[J].Coal Geology of China,2009,21(4):31-34.
[21]杨焦生,赵洋,王玫珠,等.沁水盆地南部煤层气压裂、排采关键技术研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(1):131-138.YANG Jiaosheng,ZHAO Yang,WANG Meizhu,et al.Study of key technologies on coalbed methane fracturing and drainage in the southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(1):131-138.
[2]孟艳军,汤达祯,李治平,等.高煤阶煤层气井不同排采阶段渗透率动态变化特征与控制机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(2):66-71.MENG Yanjun,TANG Dazhen,LI Zhiping,et al.Dynamic variation characteristics and mechanism of permeability in high-rank CBM wells at different drainage and production stages[J].Petroleum Geology&Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(2):66-71.
[3]赵贤正,朱庆忠,孙粉锦,等.沁水盆地高阶煤层气勘探开发实践与思考[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(9):2131-2136.ZHAO Xianzheng,ZHU Qingzhong,SUN Fenjin,et al.Practice of coalbed methane exploration and development in Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(9):2131-2136.
[4]姜杉钰,康永尚,张守仁,等.沁水盆地柿庄区块煤层气井排采动态影响因素分析及开发对策研究[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(6):1134-1142.JIANG Shanyu,KANG Yongshang,ZHANG Shouren,et al.Analysis on influencing factors of drainage dynamic of wells and CBM development strategy in Shizhuangblock[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(6):1134-1142.
[5]秦勇,汤达祯,刘大锰,等.煤储层开发动态地质评价理论与技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):80-88.QIN Yong,TANG Dazhen,LIU Dameng,et al.Geological evaluation theory and technology progress of coal reservoir dynamics during coalbedmethane drainage[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(1):80-88.
[6]郭广山,柳迎红,张苗,等.沁水盆地柿庄南区块排采水特征及其对煤层气富集的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(7):1115-1125.GUO Guangshan,LIU Yinghong,ZHANG Miao,et al.The characteristics of drainage water and its controlling effects on the favorable area of CBM in Shizhuangnan block,Qinshui Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(7):1115-1125.
[7]叶建平,陆小霞.我国煤层气产业发展现状和技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):24-28.YE Jianping,LU Xiaoxia.Development status and technical progress of China coalbed methane industry[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):24-28.
[8]张晓娜,康永尚,姜杉钰,等.沁水盆地柿庄区块3号煤层压裂曲线类型及其成因机制[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(S2):441-451.ZHANG Xiaona,KANG Yongshang,JIANG Shanyu,et al.Fracturing curve types and their formation mechanism of coal seam3 in Shizhuang block,Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(S2):441-451.
[9]谢楠,姚艳斌,杨延辉,等.郑庄区块煤层气评价井压裂效果影响因素分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(S1):180-185.XIE Nan,YAO Yanbin,YANG Yanhui,et al.Fracturing effect factors analysis of CBM appraisal wells in Zhengzhuang Block[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(S1):180-185.
[10]康永尚,张兵,鱼雪,等.沁水盆地寿阳区块煤层气排采动态成因机理及排采对策[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(1):116-126.KANG Yongshang,ZHANG Bing,YU Xue,et al.Formation mechanism of well performance and CBM development strategy in Shouyang Block,Qinshui Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(1):116-126.
[11]杨国桥,唐书恒,李忠城,等.柿庄南区块煤层气高产井排采制度分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):176-181,28.YANG Guoqiao,TANG Shuheng,LI Zhongcheng,et al.Analysis on drainage system of coalbed methane high production well in south block of Shizhuang[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(8):176-181,28.
[12]李国富,侯泉林.沁水盆地南部煤层气井排采动态过程与差异性[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):798-803.LI Guofu,HOU Quanlin.Dynamic process and difference of coalbed methane wells production in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(5):798-803.
[13]张晓阳,吴财芳,刘强.基于排采速率的煤层气井排采制度研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(5):131-135.ZHANG Xiaoyang,WU Caifang,LIU Qiang.Study on drainage system of coalbed methane well based on drainage rate[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(6):131-135.
[14]时伟,唐书恒,李忠城,等.沁水盆地南部山西组煤储层产出水的化学特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(3):154-160.SHI Wei,TANG Shuheng,LI Zhongcheng,et al.Chemical characteristics of drainage water from Shanxi Formation coal reservoir of Southern Qinshui Basin[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(3):154-160.
[15]PENG Cheng,ZOU Changchun,ZHOU Tianning,et al.Factors affecting coalbed methane(CBM)well productivity in the Shizhuangnan block of southern Qinshui basin,North China:investigation by geophysical log,experiment and production data[J].Fuel,2017,191:427-441.
[16]FU Xuehai,QIN Yong,Wang G G X,et al.Evaluation of coal structure andpermeability with the aid of geophysical logging technology[J].Fuel,2009,88:2278-2285.
[17]TENG Juan,YAO Yanbin,LIU Dameng,et al.Evaluation of coal texture distributions in the southern Qinshui basin,North China:Investigation by a multiple geophysical logging method[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2015,140:9-22.
[18]张松航,唐书恒,李忠城,等.煤层气井产出水化学特征及变化规律:以沁水盆地柿庄南区块为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(2):292-299.ZHANG Songhang,TANG Shuheng,LI Zhongcheng,et al.The hydrochemical characteristics and ion changes of thecoproduced water:taking Shizhuangnan block,south of the Qinshui basin as an example[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(2):292-299.
[19]倪小明,苏现波,张小东.煤层气开发地质学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[20]吴国代,桑树勋,杨志刚,等.地应力影响煤层气勘探开发的研究现状与展望[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(4):31-34.WU Guodai,SANG Shuxun,YANG Zhigang,et al.Current research status and prospect of geo-stress impact on CBM exploration and exploitation[J].Coal Geology of China,2009,21(4):31-34.
[21]杨焦生,赵洋,王玫珠,等.沁水盆地南部煤层气压裂、排采关键技术研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(1):131-138.YANG Jiaosheng,ZHAO Yang,WANG Meizhu,et al.Study of key technologies on coalbed methane fracturing and drainage in the southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(1):131-138.