甘草种质主要形态性状和化学成分的遗传多样性分析
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摘要
目的依据国内甘草种质主要的形态性状和化学成分,对其遗传多样性进行综合分析。方法收集移植于同一地点的42份多年生甘草种质的12个地上部分性状和5种化学成分含量,计算其遗传多样性指数和变异系数,运用聚类分析和主成分分析进行统计分析。结果 5种化学成分中,甘草苷含量的遗传多样性指数最高为2.05,异甘草苷含量的变异系数最大为99.50%,甘草苷含量与异甘草苷含量呈中度相关关系;在12个形态性状中,株高的遗传多样性指数最高为2.08,实际果序长的变异系数最大为37.09%,果型和株型性状的变异大于叶型性状;聚类分析将42份种质分为3类,第II类群种质品质较优;主成分分析将17个指标简化为6个因子,累积贡献率为72.96%,因子6为代表甘草酸、甘草苷、异甘草苷的因子。结论甘草种质主要形态性状和化学成分的遗传多样性较为丰富,筛选出V08、V10、V17、V34、V36、V38共6个品质优异的甘草种质。
Objective Based on the main morphological traits and chemical constituents of 42 Glycyrrhiza uralensis germplasm in China,the genetic diversity of them was analyzed comprehensively.Methods Twelve morphological traits and five kinds of chemical components of G.uralensis germplasm transplanted in the same place were collected.The genetic diversity index and coefficient of variation were calculated,using cluster analysis and principal component analysis for statistical analysis.Results Among the five chemical constituents,the highest genetic diversity index of liquiritin content was 2.05;The maximum coefficient of variation of isoliquiritin content was 99.50%;The content of liquiritin was moderately correlated with the content of isoliquiritin.Among 12 morphological traits,the highest genetic diversity index of plant height was 2.08,and the maximum coefficient of variation of actual fruit sequence was 37.09%.The variation of fruit type and plant type was greater than that of leaf type.Cluster analysis divided 42 germplasms into three types,and the second group had better germplasm quality.The principal component analysis reduced 17 indicators to six factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 72.96%.Factor 6 was a factor that represents glycyrrhizic acid,liquiritin,and isoliquiritin.Conclusion The genetic diversity of the main morphological traits and chemical constituents of 42 G.uralensis germplasms is rich,and six excellent germplasms are V08,V10,V17,V34,V36,and V38.
Objective Based on the main morphological traits and chemical constituents of 42 Glycyrrhiza uralensis germplasm in China,the genetic diversity of them was analyzed comprehensively.Methods Twelve morphological traits and five kinds of chemical components of G.uralensis germplasm transplanted in the same place were collected.The genetic diversity index and coefficient of variation were calculated,using cluster analysis and principal component analysis for statistical analysis.Results Among the five chemical constituents,the highest genetic diversity index of liquiritin content was 2.05;The maximum coefficient of variation of isoliquiritin content was 99.50%;The content of liquiritin was moderately correlated with the content of isoliquiritin.Among 12 morphological traits,the highest genetic diversity index of plant height was 2.08,and the maximum coefficient of variation of actual fruit sequence was 37.09%.The variation of fruit type and plant type was greater than that of leaf type.Cluster analysis divided 42 germplasms into three types,and the second group had better germplasm quality.The principal component analysis reduced 17 indicators to six factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 72.96%.Factor 6 was a factor that represents glycyrrhizic acid,liquiritin,and isoliquiritin.Conclusion The genetic diversity of the main morphological traits and chemical constituents of 42 G.uralensis germplasms is rich,and six excellent germplasms are V08,V10,V17,V34,V36,and V38.
引文
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[2]中国药典[S].一部.2015.
[3]赵艳敏,刘素香,张晨曦,等.基于HPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术的甘草化学成分分析[J].中草药,2016,47(12):2061-2068.
[4]杨瑞,袁伯川,马永生,等.3种不同基原甘草中4个主要黄酮类化合物的含量分析[J].药物分析杂志,2016,36(10):1729-1736.
[5]张祎.HPLC法同时测定中国不同产地甘草中18α-甘草酸和18β-甘草酸含量的研究[J].药物生物技术,2016,23(1):55-57.
[6]Ma S J,Zhu G W,Yu F L,et al.Effects of manganese on accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid based onmaterial ingredients distribution of Glycyrrhiza uralensis[J].Indust Crops Prod,2018,112(2018):151-159.
[7]Xu G J,Cai W,Gao W,et al.A novel glucuronosyltransferase has an unprecedented ability to catalyse continuous two-step glucuronosylation of glycyrrhetinic acid to yield glycyrrhizin[J].New Phytol,2016,212(1):1-13.
[8]马春英,屈平,王文全.甘草花粉超微鉴定及花粉活力、柱头可受性荧光显微镜观察[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(3):396-401.
[9]魏胜利,王文全,刘春生,等.甘草野生种群地上植株形态地理变异及其生态学机制分析[J].现代生物医学进展,2011,23(11):4614-4618.
[10]于福来,王文全,侯俊玲,等.种质与环境对二年生甘草群体主要生物活性成分的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2013,5(10):1479-1483.
[11]金燕清,王秋玲,侯俊玲,等.氮磷钾配施对甘草生物量和活性成分的影响[J].中国现代中药,2016,18(7):881-887.
[12]马永生,张晓冬,尹彦超,等.乌拉尔甘草查耳酮异构酶基因多态性分析[J].生物技术通讯,2017,28(4):471-477.
[13]魏胜利,王文全,刘长利,等.一年生甘草药材产量与甘草酸含量的广义遗传力及其遗传相关性分析[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(5):17-21.
[14]唐军荣,李斌,朱丽娜,等.滇杨多倍体苗期叶片形态及光合生理比较分析[J].林业科学研究,2016,29(1):103-109.
[15]魏胜利,王文全,王继永,等.甘草野生种群果实与种子形态特征的地理变异研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2011,11(23):4460-4464.
[16]魏胜利,王文全,王继永.不同甘草地理种群甘草酸含量的地理变异及其形成的生态学机制探讨[A]//中华中医药学会论文集[C].北京:中华中医学会,2008.
[17]于福来,方玉强,王文全,等.甘草栽培群体主要数量性状遗传变异及相互关系研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(18):2457-2461.