基于MICP技术的自修复混凝土研究进展
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摘要
混凝土是一种应用广泛的建筑材料,但其在使用过程中,极易出现裂缝,尤其在水利工程中。混凝土裂缝不仅影响建筑的美观,而且会对结构的安全性产生不利影响。利用微生物诱导产生碳酸盐晶体(MICP)的技术可以制成自修复混凝土,这种混凝土能够在其自身出现裂缝时实现自我修复,从而提高混凝土材料的耐久性能,节约维修成本。对国内外文献中自修复混凝土的工作原理、制备方法、材料特性以及影响自修复效果的因素进行了总结分析。从工作原理上主要介绍了矿化微生物的选择和矿化过程;从制备方法上主要汇总了自修复混凝土采用的细菌固载方法;从材料性能上主要分析了自修复混凝土的微观性能和宏观性能;从修复效果上主要总结了修复剂成分、养护条件以及裂缝特征等因素的影响。根据梳理,自修复混凝土目前所能修复的最大裂缝宽度为0.97mm,最大深度为27.2mm,仍有大的发展潜力。基于目前的研究现状,文章提出了自修复混凝土进一步的研究方向,旨在为该项技术的发展起到一定的推动作用。
Concrete is a widely-used building material,but it is prone to cracking during its service life,especially in water conservancy projects.The cracks not only affect the look of buildings,but also adversely affect the security of the structure.The technology of microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)can be used to fabricate self-healing concrete.This concrete can selfheal when it has micro-cracks,and thus has better durability and saves maintenance costs.This paper summarizes and analyzes domestic and foreign literature on the working mechanism of the self-healing concrete,the preparation methods,the characteristics of self-healing concrete,and the affecting factors of self-healing effect.Regarding the mechanism,it mainly introduces the selection of self-repairing microorganisms and the mineralization processes.Regarding the preparation,it mainly summarizes the bacterial immobilization methods used in self-healing concrete.Regarding the performance,it mainly analyzes the microscopic properties and macroscopic properties of self-healing concrete.Regarding the healing effect,it mainly summarizes three influencing factors including repairing agent compositions,curing conditions,and cracks characteristics.According to the literature review,the maximum width of cracks that can be healed for self-healing concrete is 0.97 mm and the maximum depth is 27.2mm.The self-healing concrete still has great development potential.Based on the current research progress,this paper points out the further research directions of self-healing concrete.It is aimed to push forward the development of this technology.
Concrete is a widely-used building material,but it is prone to cracking during its service life,especially in water conservancy projects.The cracks not only affect the look of buildings,but also adversely affect the security of the structure.The technology of microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)can be used to fabricate self-healing concrete.This concrete can selfheal when it has micro-cracks,and thus has better durability and saves maintenance costs.This paper summarizes and analyzes domestic and foreign literature on the working mechanism of the self-healing concrete,the preparation methods,the characteristics of self-healing concrete,and the affecting factors of self-healing effect.Regarding the mechanism,it mainly introduces the selection of self-repairing microorganisms and the mineralization processes.Regarding the preparation,it mainly summarizes the bacterial immobilization methods used in self-healing concrete.Regarding the performance,it mainly analyzes the microscopic properties and macroscopic properties of self-healing concrete.Regarding the healing effect,it mainly summarizes three influencing factors including repairing agent compositions,curing conditions,and cracks characteristics.According to the literature review,the maximum width of cracks that can be healed for self-healing concrete is 0.97 mm and the maximum depth is 27.2mm.The self-healing concrete still has great development potential.Based on the current research progress,this paper points out the further research directions of self-healing concrete.It is aimed to push forward the development of this technology.
引文
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