不同地区花生网斑病菌致病性鉴定及环境条件对致病力的影响
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摘要
为了探明不同地区的花生网斑病菌致病力并筛选快速稳定的接种方法,以来自山东、云南和辽宁的6个不同地区的花生网斑病菌为材料,用孢子悬浮液对离体叶片和花生植株进行接种,结果表明致病力最强的菌株是WB-SY(分离自辽宁省沈阳市)。最佳接种条件为:开花末期使用高浓度孢子悬浮液(10~6/mL),接种湿度保持在90%～100%之间,持续保湿36h以上,温度在25～28℃之间,接种前黑暗处理24h,接种后近紫光(波长340～380nm)处理。本文筛选出的菌株和快速稳定的接种方法,将为抗病品种的筛选奠定基础。
To identify a strain of Phoma arachidicola with high pathogenicity on peanut, and to find out a better inoculation method on peanut leaves, 6 strains from different geographical location were inoculated by spore suspension to vitro leaf and plants. The 6 strains were collected from Shandong, Yunnan and Liaoning provinces. Results showed that WB-SY(from Shenyang and Liaoning) had the highest pathogenicity. The optimal conditions for pathogenicity included high concentrations of spore suspension(10~6 spores/mL), humidity between 90-100% for more than 36 h, at temperature of 25-28℃, dark treatment 24 h before inoculation then near violet light(340-380 nm) treatment at the end of peanut flowering stage. The above results were expected to establish a stable and rapid inoculation method on developing resistant varieties.
To identify a strain of Phoma arachidicola with high pathogenicity on peanut, and to find out a better inoculation method on peanut leaves, 6 strains from different geographical location were inoculated by spore suspension to vitro leaf and plants. The 6 strains were collected from Shandong, Yunnan and Liaoning provinces. Results showed that WB-SY(from Shenyang and Liaoning) had the highest pathogenicity. The optimal conditions for pathogenicity included high concentrations of spore suspension(10~6 spores/mL), humidity between 90-100% for more than 36 h, at temperature of 25-28℃, dark treatment 24 h before inoculation then near violet light(340-380 nm) treatment at the end of peanut flowering stage. The above results were expected to establish a stable and rapid inoculation method on developing resistant varieties.
引文
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[6] 李绍建,高蒙,王娜,等.花生网斑病不同病斑类型及其病原菌致病力差异[J].植物保护,2018,44(3):150-155.
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[11] 王胜坤,王军,康丽华,等.不同温度、pH值和接种浓度对青枯菌在尾巨桉苗木根部吸附和侵入的影响[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):80-85.
[12] 卓国豪.温度和病原接种浓度对番茄青枯病菌侵染的影响[J].植物检疫,2005,19(3):143-144.
[13] 李金堂,傅俊范,李海春,等.寄主生育期、接种条件对玉米弯孢菌叶斑病发生的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(6):147-151.
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[19] Hong J K,Hwang B K.Influence of inoculum density,wetness duration,plant age,inoculation method,and cultivar resistance on infection of pepper plants by Colletotrichum coccodes[J].Plant Dis,1998,82(10):1 079-1 083.
[20] 杨玉萍,孔凡成,崔旭东,等.大棚青椒苗期病害发生与温湿度的相关性[J].植物医生,2013(3):21-23.
[21] 刘学敏,陈宇飞,常稳,等.温度和叶面湿润时数对烟草赤星病菌侵染的影响[J].烟草科技,2002(4):46-48.
[22] 韩国菲,王海光,马占鸿.CO2浓度升高和UV-B辐射增强对小麦条锈病流行组分的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(20):4 326-4 332.
[23] 白元俊,傅俊范,张自然,等.玉米弯孢菌叶斑病侵染概率测定[J].辽宁农业科学,2002(4):4-6.
[24] 雍道敬,李保华,张延安,等.苹果褐斑病潜育动态[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(15):3 103-3 111.
[2] 傅俊范,王大洲,周如军,等.辽宁花生网斑病发生危害及流行动态研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2013,35(1):80-83.
[3] 徐秀娟.中国花生病虫草鼠害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[4] 胡彦江,张茹琴.光照对花生网斑病菌生长、产孢及致病力的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(4):174-176.
[5] 许欣然,张新友,汤丰收,等.花生网斑病病原菌分离及生物学特性研究[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(12):91-95.
[6] 李绍建,高蒙,王娜,等.花生网斑病不同病斑类型及其病原菌致病力差异[J].植物保护,2018,44(3):150-155.
[7] 袁虹霞,孙炳剑,李洪连,等.花生品种(系)对叶斑病的抗性鉴定[J].河南农业科学,2004,33(12):35-38.
[8] 冯源,祖艳群,陈海燕,等.UV-B辐射增强对链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)生长、生理及致病力的影响[J].植物保护,2010,36(4):64-69.
[9] 李君彦,李有志,焦锋,等.陕西省花生网斑病病原菌的研究[J].花生学报,1991(1):1-6.
[10] 王振跃,王守正.河南省花生网斑病的初步研究[J].河南农业科学,1993(7):23-25.
[11] 王胜坤,王军,康丽华,等.不同温度、pH值和接种浓度对青枯菌在尾巨桉苗木根部吸附和侵入的影响[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):80-85.
[12] 卓国豪.温度和病原接种浓度对番茄青枯病菌侵染的影响[J].植物检疫,2005,19(3):143-144.
[13] 李金堂,傅俊范,李海春,等.寄主生育期、接种条件对玉米弯孢菌叶斑病发生的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(6):147-151.
[14] 闵营辉.玉米茎基腐病菌侵染时期研究及品种抗病性鉴定[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.
[15] 孔令晓,刘雪春.玉米茎腐病原菌侵染及发病与玉米生育期的关系[J].河北农业大学学报,1998(1):31-34.
[16] Kurt S,Tok F M.Influence of inoculum concentration,leaf age,temperature,and duration of leaf wetness on Septoria blight of parsley[J].Crop Prot 2006,25(6):556-561.
[17] Alderman S C,Beute M K.Influence of temperature,lesion water potential,and cyclic wet-dry periods on sporulation of Cercospora arachidicola on peanut[J].Phytopathology,1987,77(6):960-963.
[18] Vloutoglou I,Kalogerakis S N.Effects of inoculum concentration,wetness duration and plant age on development of early blight (Alternaria solani) and on shedding of leaves in tomato plants[J].Plant Pathol,2010,49(3):339-345.
[19] Hong J K,Hwang B K.Influence of inoculum density,wetness duration,plant age,inoculation method,and cultivar resistance on infection of pepper plants by Colletotrichum coccodes[J].Plant Dis,1998,82(10):1 079-1 083.
[20] 杨玉萍,孔凡成,崔旭东,等.大棚青椒苗期病害发生与温湿度的相关性[J].植物医生,2013(3):21-23.
[21] 刘学敏,陈宇飞,常稳,等.温度和叶面湿润时数对烟草赤星病菌侵染的影响[J].烟草科技,2002(4):46-48.
[22] 韩国菲,王海光,马占鸿.CO2浓度升高和UV-B辐射增强对小麦条锈病流行组分的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(20):4 326-4 332.
[23] 白元俊,傅俊范,张自然,等.玉米弯孢菌叶斑病侵染概率测定[J].辽宁农业科学,2002(4):4-6.
[24] 雍道敬,李保华,张延安,等.苹果褐斑病潜育动态[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(15):3 103-3 111.