日照口岸艾滋病流行病学分析、监管难题及防控对策
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摘要
为了掌握日照口岸出入境人员感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)流行病学特征及危险因素,分析艾滋病监管面临的难题,提出相关防控对策,对2012-2016年在日照国际旅行卫生保健中心监测的HIV阳性者流行病学资料进行统计学分析。结果显示,日照口岸2012-2016年HIV阳性检出率为2.52/万,男性高于女性(P>0.05),外国籍人员明显高于中国籍人员(χ~2=8.95,P=0.003),≦20岁年龄组高于其他年龄组(P<0.05),留学人员高于其他职业人群(P<0.05);感染人群以劳务人员为主,初中以下学历、未婚者居多;经性传播(69.23%)为出入境人员HIV感染的主要途径。结果证实,HIV检出率与国籍、年龄、职业等均有关系;目前口岸艾滋病的监管仍存在一定难题,应从加强宣传教育,提高卫生检疫防控措施,强化实验室建设,有效识别高风险人群等方面不断完善口岸艾滋病防控。
To Estimate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors among entry-exit population at Rizhao port,analyze the problems of AIDS supervision and propose prevention and control measures,the epidemiological data of supervised HIV infected cases at Rizhao International Travel Healthcare Center was analyzed from 2012 to 2016. The results showed that the HIV-positive detection rate was 2.52 per ten thousand in 2012-2016 at Rizhao port,HIV-positive detection rate of men was higher than that of women(P > 0.05),the rate of foreigners was significantly higher than that of Chinese(χ~2=8.95,P = 0.003),the rate of less than or equal to 20 years old group was higher than that of other age groups(P < 0.05),the rate of study abroad was higher other that of other occupations(P < 0.05);most of HIV infected people were junior middle school or lower,unmarried and labor service personnel;sexual contact is the major route of transmission(69.23%). The HIV-positive rate was related with the nationality,age and profession.The regulation of port AIDS is still has certain difficult problem. To constantly improve port HIV prevention and control,we should strengthen publicity and education,improve the control measures of health and quarantine,strengthen laboratory construction,effectively identify people at high risk,etc.
To Estimate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors among entry-exit population at Rizhao port,analyze the problems of AIDS supervision and propose prevention and control measures,the epidemiological data of supervised HIV infected cases at Rizhao International Travel Healthcare Center was analyzed from 2012 to 2016. The results showed that the HIV-positive detection rate was 2.52 per ten thousand in 2012-2016 at Rizhao port,HIV-positive detection rate of men was higher than that of women(P > 0.05),the rate of foreigners was significantly higher than that of Chinese(χ~2=8.95,P = 0.003),the rate of less than or equal to 20 years old group was higher than that of other age groups(P < 0.05),the rate of study abroad was higher other that of other occupations(P < 0.05);most of HIV infected people were junior middle school or lower,unmarried and labor service personnel;sexual contact is the major route of transmission(69.23%). The HIV-positive rate was related with the nationality,age and profession.The regulation of port AIDS is still has certain difficult problem. To constantly improve port HIV prevention and control,we should strengthen publicity and education,improve the control measures of health and quarantine,strengthen laboratory construction,effectively identify people at high risk,etc.
引文
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[10]田睿,孙福军,王飞,等.2000-2009年北京口岸入境外籍人员与出境中国人HIV检出率比较[J].中国国境卫生检疫,2010,33(4):241-243.
[11]占先发,谭晓东,周东,等.我国艾滋病涉外人群的法律法规研究[J].医学与社会,2009,22(12):52-53,60.
[12]庄勋,何学明,吴尔翔,等.建筑劳务输出人群艾滋病相关高危行为及影响因素研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(2):118-122.
[13]陆晔,方筠,张琳,等.上海口岸归国人员2003~2008年HIV/性病监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(19):3746-3748.
[14]贾平.中国艾滋病法律与公共政策—以权力保障和受影响人群为核心[J].中国艾滋病性病,2016,22(3):222-224.
[2]刘晓秋,卢江.艾滋病防治的法律建议[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2004,14(3):214-216.
[3]张军伟,刘福奎,李磊,等.烟台口岸出入境人员流行病学调查分析[J].口岸卫生控制,2012,17(4):33-36.
[4]姜卓,王晓中,耿丽梅,等.2008-2014年大连口岸艾滋病流行病学调查分析及防控对策[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2015,38(6):419-421,431.
[5]潘芳,胡林凤,胡暇,等.2010-2014安徽口岸出入境人员HIV监测结果分析[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2015,38(4):251-253,297.
[6]金子懿,吴迪,王渊,等.2005-2015陕西口岸出入境人员HIV感染情况调查[J].中国国境卫生检疫,2016,39(3):195-197.
[7]王静.2005-2014年连云港口岸出入境人员传染病监测情况分析[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2015,38(4):254-257.
[8]张玉磊,王远钟,闫荣军,等.2000年-2012年济南辖区出入境人员HIV感染监测结果报告[J].口岸卫生控制,2013,19(2):38-41.
[9]彭现美.非洲的艾滋病流行与国际援助[J].中国初级卫生保健,2007,21(11):60-64.
[10]田睿,孙福军,王飞,等.2000-2009年北京口岸入境外籍人员与出境中国人HIV检出率比较[J].中国国境卫生检疫,2010,33(4):241-243.
[11]占先发,谭晓东,周东,等.我国艾滋病涉外人群的法律法规研究[J].医学与社会,2009,22(12):52-53,60.
[12]庄勋,何学明,吴尔翔,等.建筑劳务输出人群艾滋病相关高危行为及影响因素研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(2):118-122.
[13]陆晔,方筠,张琳,等.上海口岸归国人员2003~2008年HIV/性病监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(19):3746-3748.
[14]贾平.中国艾滋病法律与公共政策—以权力保障和受影响人群为核心[J].中国艾滋病性病,2016,22(3):222-224.