不同节理表面形貌下非贯通节理岩体强度特性直剪试验研究
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摘要
通过直剪模型试验,研究节理表面形貌下非贯通节理岩体扩展贯通强度特性。非贯通节理岩体的扩展贯通过程分为4个阶段:初裂前阶段、稳定扩展阶段、非稳定扩展阶段和摩擦阶段。结合试验现象和切向变形曲线,研究了非贯通节理岩体的初裂强度、临界强度、贯通破坏强度、残余强度等特性。在相同的法向应力下,节理表面越粗糙,不仅非贯通节理岩体的贯通破坏强度越大,而且初裂强度、临界强度、残余强度也越大。在不同的节理表面形貌下,初裂强度与贯通破坏强度的比值约为70%;临界强度与贯通破坏强度的比值约为90%;不过,残余强度与贯通破坏强度的比值变化较大,约为50%~90%。试验为进一步研究非贯通节理岩体破坏理论提供试验验证。
By direct shear test, strength behavior of rock mass containing discontinuous joints with different joint surface morphologies is researched. The extension process to the rock mass can be divided into 4 stages: before initial cracking stage, crack stable growth stage, unsteady growth stage and friction stage. According to the experimental phenomena and the shear deformation curve, initial cracking strength, critical strength, failure strength and residual strength are researched. With the same normal stress, the joint surface morphology is rougher, not only the failure strength is higher, but also the initial cracking strength, critical strength, and residual strength are higher. With different joint surface morphologies, the ratio of the initial cracking strength and failure strength is about 70%; the ratio of the critical strength and failure strength is about 90%; but the ratio of t initial cracking strength and failure strength is not stable, which is about 50%-90%. The experimental verification is provided to further study failure theory of rock mass containing discontinuous joints.
By direct shear test, strength behavior of rock mass containing discontinuous joints with different joint surface morphologies is researched. The extension process to the rock mass can be divided into 4 stages: before initial cracking stage, crack stable growth stage, unsteady growth stage and friction stage. According to the experimental phenomena and the shear deformation curve, initial cracking strength, critical strength, failure strength and residual strength are researched. With the same normal stress, the joint surface morphology is rougher, not only the failure strength is higher, but also the initial cracking strength, critical strength, and residual strength are higher. With different joint surface morphologies, the ratio of the initial cracking strength and failure strength is about 70%; the ratio of the critical strength and failure strength is about 90%; but the ratio of t initial cracking strength and failure strength is not stable, which is about 50%-90%. The experimental verification is provided to further study failure theory of rock mass containing discontinuous joints.
引文
[1]朱维申,李术才,陈卫忠.节理岩体破坏机制何锚固效应及工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
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[3]LAJTAI E Z.Shear strength of weakness planes in rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1969,6(7):499-515.
[4]LAJTAI E Z.Strength of discontinuous rocks in direct shear[J].Geotchnique,1969,19(2):218-233.
[5]龙湘桂,汪瑞强.岩石力学试验中的声发射测试[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(2):69-74.LONG Xian-gui,WANG Rui-qiang.Acoustic emission experiments of rock mechanics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1981,3(2):69-74.
[6]周群力,刘格非.脆性材料的压剪断裂[J].水利学报,1982,(7):63-67.ZHOU Qun-li,LIU Ge-fei.Compression and shear fracture of brittle material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1982,(7):63-69.
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[10]梁作元,朱维申.压剪应力作用下含共面闭合节理岩石材料的剪切破坏准则探讨[C]//朱维申编.中国青年学者岩土工程力学及其应用讨论会议论文集.北京:科学出版社,1994:470-474.
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[12]白世伟,任伟中,丰定祥,等.共面闭合非贯通岩体强度特性直剪试验研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(2):10-16.BAI Shi-wei,REN Wei-zhong,FENG Ding-xiang,et al.Research on the strength behaviour of rock containing coplanar close intermittent joints by direct test[J].Rock and Soil Mechnics,1999,20(2):10-16.
[13]胡波,张楠,王思敬,等.断续节理岩体模型试验及强度分析研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(4):657-664.HU Bo,ZHANG Nan,WANG Si-jing,et al.Model test and strength analysis research on intermittent joint rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2011,7(4):657-664.
[14]胡波,张楠,刘顺桂,等.节理对岩体强度变形特性影响的模型实验[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(4):1133-1138.HU Bo,ZHANG Nan,LIU Shun-gui,et al.Contrastive model test for joint influence on strength and deformation of rock masses[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2009,40(4):1133-1138.
[15]JUNG S J,LIM HANUK.Shear fracture analysis for the brittle materials[C]//Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Rock Mechanics.London:Taylor&Francis Group,1995:233-235.
[16]WONG R H C,CHAU K T,TSOI P M,et al.Pattern of coalescence of rock bridge between two joints under shear loading[C]//International Congress on Rock Mechanics.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1999:735-738.
[17]STIMPSON B.Failure of slope containing discontinuous planar joints[C]//Proceedings of 19th U.S Symposium on Rock Mechanics.[S.l.]:Stateline Nevada Publication,1978:296-300.
[18]任伟中,白世伟,丰定祥,等.直剪条件下共面闭合非贯通岩体的强度特性分析[C]//第六次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2000:147-151.
[19]任伟中,王庚荪,白世伟,等.共面闭合非贯通岩体的直剪强度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(10):1167-1672.REN Wei-zhong,WANG Geng-sun,BAI Shi-wei,et al.Strength behavior of rockmass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.2003,22(10):1167-1672.
[20]沈婷,丰定祥,任伟中,等.由结构面和岩桥组成的剪切面强度特性研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(1):33-38.SHEN Ting,FENG Ding-xiang,REN Wei-zhong,et al.Research on strength property of shear plane including discontinuity and rock bridge[J].Rock and soil Mechanics,1999,20(1):33-38.
[21]刘远明,夏才初.非贯通节理岩体直剪贯通模型和强度研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(10):1242-1247.LIU Yuan-ming,XIA Cai-chu.Study on models and strength behavior of rock mass containing discontinuous joints in direct shear[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(10):1242-1247.
[22]刘远明,夏才初.共面闭合非贯通节理岩体贯通机制和破坏强度准则研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2086-2091.LIU Yuan-ming,XIA Cai-chu.Study of fracture mechanism and criteria of failure strength of rock mass containing coplanar close discontinuous joints in direct shear[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2086-2091.
[23]刘远明,夏才初.非贯通节理岩体直剪试验研究进展[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1719-1724.LIU Yuan-ming,XIA Cai-chu.Advances in research of rock masses containing discontinuous joints in direct shear test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1719-1724.
[24]PATTON F D.Multiple models of shear failure in rock[C]//Proceedings of the First Congress of ISRM.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1966:509-513.
[25]JAEGER J C.Friction of rocks and stability of rock slopes[J].Geoechniqie,1971,21:91-134.
[26]LADANYI B,ARCHAMBAULT G.Simulation of shear behavior of a jointed rock mass[C]//Proceedings of 11th Symposium on Rock Mechanics.Virginia:American Rock Mechanics Association,1969:16-19.
[2]刘东燕,叶晓明,朱凡.断续节理岩体强度评价及承载力预测[J].重庆建筑大学学报,1997,19(2):21-30.LIU Dong-yan,YE Xiao-ming,ZHU Fan.The ultimate strength evaluation of rock mass containing intermittent joints[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,1997,19(2):21-30.
[3]LAJTAI E Z.Shear strength of weakness planes in rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1969,6(7):499-515.
[4]LAJTAI E Z.Strength of discontinuous rocks in direct shear[J].Geotchnique,1969,19(2):218-233.
[5]龙湘桂,汪瑞强.岩石力学试验中的声发射测试[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(2):69-74.LONG Xian-gui,WANG Rui-qiang.Acoustic emission experiments of rock mechanics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1981,3(2):69-74.
[6]周群力,刘格非.脆性材料的压剪断裂[J].水利学报,1982,(7):63-67.ZHOU Qun-li,LIU Ge-fei.Compression and shear fracture of brittle material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1982,(7):63-69.
[7]SAVILABTI T,NORDLUND E,STEPANSSION O.Shear box testing and modeling of joint bridge[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Joints.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1990:295-300.
[8]WONG R H C,WANG S W.Experimental and numerical study on the effect of material property,normal stress and the position of joint on the progressive failure under direct shear[C]//Mining and Tunneling Innovation and Opportunity.Toronto:University of Toronto,2002:1009
[9]WONG R H C,LEUNG W L,WANG S W.Shear strength studies on rock-like models containing arrayed open joints[C]//Proceedings of the Mechanics 38th U.S.Rock Mechanics Symposium on Rock Mechanics in the National Interest.Washington D C:A.A.Balkema,2001:843-849.
[10]梁作元,朱维申.压剪应力作用下含共面闭合节理岩石材料的剪切破坏准则探讨[C]//朱维申编.中国青年学者岩土工程力学及其应用讨论会议论文集.北京:科学出版社,1994:470-474.
[11]朱维申,梁作元,冯光北,等.节理岩体强度特性的物理模拟及其强度预测分析[C]//计算机方法在岩石力学及工程中的应用国际学术讨论文集.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1994:486-493.
[12]白世伟,任伟中,丰定祥,等.共面闭合非贯通岩体强度特性直剪试验研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(2):10-16.BAI Shi-wei,REN Wei-zhong,FENG Ding-xiang,et al.Research on the strength behaviour of rock containing coplanar close intermittent joints by direct test[J].Rock and Soil Mechnics,1999,20(2):10-16.
[13]胡波,张楠,王思敬,等.断续节理岩体模型试验及强度分析研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(4):657-664.HU Bo,ZHANG Nan,WANG Si-jing,et al.Model test and strength analysis research on intermittent joint rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2011,7(4):657-664.
[14]胡波,张楠,刘顺桂,等.节理对岩体强度变形特性影响的模型实验[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(4):1133-1138.HU Bo,ZHANG Nan,LIU Shun-gui,et al.Contrastive model test for joint influence on strength and deformation of rock masses[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2009,40(4):1133-1138.
[15]JUNG S J,LIM HANUK.Shear fracture analysis for the brittle materials[C]//Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Rock Mechanics.London:Taylor&Francis Group,1995:233-235.
[16]WONG R H C,CHAU K T,TSOI P M,et al.Pattern of coalescence of rock bridge between two joints under shear loading[C]//International Congress on Rock Mechanics.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1999:735-738.
[17]STIMPSON B.Failure of slope containing discontinuous planar joints[C]//Proceedings of 19th U.S Symposium on Rock Mechanics.[S.l.]:Stateline Nevada Publication,1978:296-300.
[18]任伟中,白世伟,丰定祥,等.直剪条件下共面闭合非贯通岩体的强度特性分析[C]//第六次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2000:147-151.
[19]任伟中,王庚荪,白世伟,等.共面闭合非贯通岩体的直剪强度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(10):1167-1672.REN Wei-zhong,WANG Geng-sun,BAI Shi-wei,et al.Strength behavior of rockmass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.2003,22(10):1167-1672.
[20]沈婷,丰定祥,任伟中,等.由结构面和岩桥组成的剪切面强度特性研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(1):33-38.SHEN Ting,FENG Ding-xiang,REN Wei-zhong,et al.Research on strength property of shear plane including discontinuity and rock bridge[J].Rock and soil Mechanics,1999,20(1):33-38.
[21]刘远明,夏才初.非贯通节理岩体直剪贯通模型和强度研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(10):1242-1247.LIU Yuan-ming,XIA Cai-chu.Study on models and strength behavior of rock mass containing discontinuous joints in direct shear[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(10):1242-1247.
[22]刘远明,夏才初.共面闭合非贯通节理岩体贯通机制和破坏强度准则研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2086-2091.LIU Yuan-ming,XIA Cai-chu.Study of fracture mechanism and criteria of failure strength of rock mass containing coplanar close discontinuous joints in direct shear[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2086-2091.
[23]刘远明,夏才初.非贯通节理岩体直剪试验研究进展[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1719-1724.LIU Yuan-ming,XIA Cai-chu.Advances in research of rock masses containing discontinuous joints in direct shear test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1719-1724.
[24]PATTON F D.Multiple models of shear failure in rock[C]//Proceedings of the First Congress of ISRM.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1966:509-513.
[25]JAEGER J C.Friction of rocks and stability of rock slopes[J].Geoechniqie,1971,21:91-134.
[26]LADANYI B,ARCHAMBAULT G.Simulation of shear behavior of a jointed rock mass[C]//Proceedings of 11th Symposium on Rock Mechanics.Virginia:American Rock Mechanics Association,1969:16-19.