PLA协同纳米CaCO_3增韧PP的研究
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摘要
通过熔融共混制得聚丙烯/聚乳酸/纳米碳酸钙(PP/PLA/CaCO_3)复合材料,考察了PLA和纳米CaCO_3对复合材料力学性能、热性能、流变性能与结晶形态的影响及其作用机理。结果表明,复合材料中形成连续空间网络结构的PLA有助于改善PP的性能,PLA含量为20%(质量分数,下同)时复合材料综合力学性能最佳;与纯PP相比,加入PLA后的复合材料拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提高5.1%和54.4%,断裂伸长率降低62.5%;纳米CaCO_3通过"滚珠增韧"和"异相成核"作用明显改善复合材料力学性能,纳米CaCO_3含量15%时产生的晶粒细化作用效果最为显著,复合材料综合力学性能达到最佳,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度分别比未添加CaCO_3时提升了15.2%、2.7%和5.6%。
PP/PLA/CaCO_3 compounds were prepared by a melt blending method, and the effects of PLA and CaCO_3 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties, thermal property, rheological behavior and crystallization of compounds were investigated. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of compounds were improved with the addition of PLA due to the formation of a PLA continuous spatial network in the PP matrix. The compounds achieved optimum comprehensive mechanical performance when 20 wt% of PLA was introduced. Their tensile strength and impact strength increased by 5.1 % and 54.4 %, respectively, but the elongation at break decreases by 62.5 % compared to pure PP. A significant improvement in mechanical properties is ascribed to the "ball bearing" and nucleation effects of CaCO_3 in the PP matrix. The CaCO_3 nanoparticles were observed to be distributed in the PP/PLA matrix uniformly at a content of 15 wt%, leading to an optimum grain refining effect accordingly. The PP/PLA/CaCO_3 ternary compounds obtained an increase in tensile strength by 15.2 %, in elongation at break by 2.7 % and in impact strength by 5.6 % compared to PP/PLA binary compounds.
PP/PLA/CaCO_3 compounds were prepared by a melt blending method, and the effects of PLA and CaCO_3 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties, thermal property, rheological behavior and crystallization of compounds were investigated. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of compounds were improved with the addition of PLA due to the formation of a PLA continuous spatial network in the PP matrix. The compounds achieved optimum comprehensive mechanical performance when 20 wt% of PLA was introduced. Their tensile strength and impact strength increased by 5.1 % and 54.4 %, respectively, but the elongation at break decreases by 62.5 % compared to pure PP. A significant improvement in mechanical properties is ascribed to the "ball bearing" and nucleation effects of CaCO_3 in the PP matrix. The CaCO_3 nanoparticles were observed to be distributed in the PP/PLA matrix uniformly at a content of 15 wt%, leading to an optimum grain refining effect accordingly. The PP/PLA/CaCO_3 ternary compounds obtained an increase in tensile strength by 15.2 %, in elongation at break by 2.7 % and in impact strength by 5.6 % compared to PP/PLA binary compounds.
引文
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[2]ZHAO H,CUI Z,WANG X,et al.Processing and Characterization of Solid and Microcellular Poly(lactic acid)/Polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate(PLA/PHBV)Blends and PLA/PHBV/Clay nanocomposites[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2013,51:79-91.
[3]SHI Y,YANG J,HUANG T,et al.Selective Localization of Carbon Nanotubes at the Interface of Poly(L-lactide)/Ethylene-co-Vinyl Acetate Resulting in Lowered Electrical Resistivity[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2013,55:463-469.
[4]DORIGATO A,SEBASTIANI M,PEGORETTI A,et al.Effect of Silica Nanoparticles on the Mechanical Performances of Poly(lactic acid)[J].Journal of Polymers and the Environment,2012,20(3):713-725.
[5]EBADI-DEHAGHANI H,KHONAKDAR H A,BARI-KANI M,et al Experimental and Theoretical Analyses of Mechanical Properties of PP/PLA/clay Nanocomposites[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2015,69:133-144.
[6]王青松,王向东,刘伟,等.聚乳酸/聚丙烯共混体系的制备及其发泡行为研究[J].中国塑料,2013,27(2):80-85.WANG Q S,WANG X D,LIU W,et al.Study on Preparation of Poly(lactic acid)/Polypropylene Blends and Its Foaming Behavior[J].China Plastics,2013,27(2):80-85.
[7]闰明涛,胡晓敏,高俊刚.聚乳酸/羧基化聚丙烯共混物的形态与热性能研究[J].高分子学报,2007,1(12):1 121-1 126.RUN M T,HU X M,GAO J G.Mirogology and Thermal Properties of the Poly(Lactic Acid)/Carboxylated Polypropylene Blends[J].Acta Polymerica Sinica,2007,1(12):1 121-1 126.
[8]HANAD K,KASEEM M,DERI F.Rheological and Mechanical Characterization of Poly(lactic acid)/Polypropylene Polymer Blends[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2011,18(6):1 799-1 806.
[9]PARK D H,KIM M S,YANG J H,et al.Effects of Compatibilizers and Hydrolysis on the Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Polypropylene/EPDM/Poly(lactic acid)Ternary Blends[J].Macromolecular Research,2011,19(2):105-112.
[10]冯钠,宋霞,张志永,等.聚丙烯/聚乳酸共混体系的结构和性能[J].塑料科技,2006,34(5):28-31.FENG N,SONG X,ZHANG Z Y,et al.Study on the Morphology and Properties of PP/PLA Blends[J].Plastics Science and Technology,2006,34(5):28-31.
[11]周凯,顾书英,邹存洋.碳酸钙填充聚乳酸复合材料的制备和性能研究[J].中国塑料,2009,23(6):27-30.ZHOU K,GU S Y,ZOU C Y.Preparation and Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/CaCO3 Composites[J].China Plastics,2009,23(6):27-30.
[12]黄乐平,任亮,周兴平,等.LLDPE/MAH-LLDPE/SiO2复合材料的形态结构与增韧机理[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2014,30(2):42-45.HUANG L P,REN L,ZHOU X P,et al.Morphology and Toughening Mechanism of LLDPE/MAH-LLDPE/SiO2Composites[J].Polymer Materials Science&Engineering,2014,30(2):42-45.
[13]OBAN O,BORA M,KUTLUK T.Comparative Study of Volcanic Particle and Calcium Carbonate Filler Materials in HDPE for Thermal and Mechanical Properties[J].Polymer Composites,2018,39(s3):1 900-1 907.
[14]JING X,GONG W,FENG Z,et al.Novel Comb-Like Copolymer Dispersant for Polypropylene/CaCO3 Composites and Its Influence on Dispersion,Crystallization,Mechanical,and Thermal Properties[J].Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering,2018,57(10):986-996.
[15]KASHAN J S,JAMEEL H.The Development of Biomimetic Nano CaCO3/PP Bio-Composites as Bone Repair Materials-Optimal Thermal Properties Evaluation[J].Journal of University of Babylon,2017,25(5):1 562-1 571.
[16]陈祥辉,黄汉雄.低含量聚乳酸对微孔发泡聚丁二酸丁二醇酯泡孔结构的改善[J].高分子学报,2017(8):1 331-1 338.CHEN X H,HUANG H X.Improving Cellular Structure of Microcellular Poly(butylene succinate)via Adding Low Content of Poly(lactic acid)[J].Acta Polymerica Sinica,2017(8):1 331-1 338.
[17]熊强,古菊,陈杨,等.聚丙烯/水相法改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的结构与性能[J].中国塑料,2006,20(1):45-48.XIONG Q,GU J,CHEN Y,et al.Structure and Properties of PP/Water Modified Nano-CaCO3 Composites[J].China Plastics,2006,20(1):45-48.
[18]索倩倩,乔辉,张亚雄,等.聚丁烯异相成核发泡行为的研究[J].中国塑料,2016,30(6):7-12.SUO Q Q,QIAO H,ZHANG Y X,et al.Study on Heterogeneous Foaming Behavior of Polybutylene[J].China Plastics,2016,30(6):7-12.