计算机兵棋棋盘中投影变形及坐标转换问题研究
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摘要
兵棋是对作战过程进行逻辑推演研究和评估的军事科学工具,其三大组成要素包括棋盘、棋子和规则。棋盘的经典样式就是六角格兵棋棋盘,计算机兵棋中也常采用六角格棋盘描述战场地形环境,而棋盘的投影变形和坐标转换分别是制约兵棋推演可信度和推演效率的重要因素。首先分析了棋盘所用投影方式的变形规律,提出了个体值法和平均值法对变形进行修正;然后针对经纬度坐标和六角格编码的转换,提出了直接转换和间接转换两种方法,分析其基本转换原理,并给出了坐标转换公式;最后通过实验对所述方法进行验证,结果证实平均值法对于修正投影变形具有很好的实用性,且间接坐标转换法具有更高的转换效率。
As a military science tool to research and evaluate the process of combat, wargame has three elements:map, pieces and rules. The hex wargame map is the typical mode, Lambert Projection is often used by the computer wargame to create the hex wargame map. Above all, the law of the distortion was analyzed, and two methods were put forward to correct the distortion: individual value method and average value method. Two methods of coordinate transformation, such as direct transform and indirect transform, were described, the basis transform theory was analyzed, and the formula were presented. The result of experiment validated that the average value method had a good practicability to correct the distortion of computer wargame map, and the indirect transform beared more efficiency in coordinate transformation.
As a military science tool to research and evaluate the process of combat, wargame has three elements:map, pieces and rules. The hex wargame map is the typical mode, Lambert Projection is often used by the computer wargame to create the hex wargame map. Above all, the law of the distortion was analyzed, and two methods were put forward to correct the distortion: individual value method and average value method. Two methods of coordinate transformation, such as direct transform and indirect transform, were described, the basis transform theory was analyzed, and the formula were presented. The result of experiment validated that the average value method had a good practicability to correct the distortion of computer wargame map, and the indirect transform beared more efficiency in coordinate transformation.
引文
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[11]INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF QIL&GAS PRODUCERS.Geomatics Guidance Note Number 7,Part 2:Coordinate Conversions and Transformations including Formulas[R].London,2013:15-26.
[2]PETER PERLA,JOHN CURRY.The Art of Wargaming:A Guide for Professionals and Hobbyists[M].Annapolis,Maryland:United States Naval Institute Press,2012:13-22.
[3]MATHEW CAFFREY.Toward a History-Based Doctrine for Wargaming[J].Aerospace Power Journal,2000:14(3):33-56.
[4]杨南征.虚拟演兵:兵棋、作战模拟与仿真[M].北京:解放军出版社,2007:5-10.
[5]JAMES F DUNNIGAN.The Complete Wargames Handbook[M].New York:William Morrow&Company,1997:13-19.
[6]杨启和.地图投影变换原理与方法[M].北京:解放军出版社,1990:111-143.
[7]吴忠性,杨启和.数学制图学原理[M].北京:测绘出版社,1989:201-215.
[8]孙达,蒲英霞.地图投影[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2005:87-111.
[9]赵虎,李霖,龚健雅.通用地图投影选择研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2010,35(2):244-247.
[10]ROLAND R J,ROLAND E F,KELLEHER E P.Approaches and Aspects of Implementing a Computer Wargame Simulation:A Historical Perspective[R].Virginia,1989:33-40.
[11]INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF QIL&GAS PRODUCERS.Geomatics Guidance Note Number 7,Part 2:Coordinate Conversions and Transformations including Formulas[R].London,2013:15-26.