输油管道杂散电流检测评价与防护实践
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摘要
杂散电流干扰对油气管道造成很大的危害和破坏,如何有效地检测评价并制定合适的防护对策是油气管道杂散电流防护的关键。基于杂散电流不同检测方法和排流应用实践,开展了输油管道杂散电流综合检测评价及防护研究。结果表明:采取全线检测与专项检测相结合方式,综合运用CIPS(密间隔管地电位测试)、SCM(杂散电流智能测试仪)、电位梯度、电位和电流监测等多种检测评价方法,结合现场开挖分析,可准确确定管道杂散电流干扰类型及对管道的影响;检测的输油管道受到较严重的直流杂散电流干扰及一定的交流杂散电流干扰而发生局部腐蚀;通过管地电位测量对杂散电流排流整治措施进行了效果分析与评定,建议了管道杂散电流干扰防护对策。提出应加强管道杂散电流源头控制,同时综合运用多种检测、监测技术,有效分析各种干扰因素和腐蚀状况,制定科学合理的治理方法和防护对策,为管道完整性管理提供依据。
Stray current has caused great harm and damage on buried steel pipelines,and the key to protect the pipeline from stray current is how to carry out effective detection and evaluation to formulate the appropriate protective measures as well. Based on the application of different detection methods and drainage measures,a research on the comprehensive detection and protection of stray current interference on an oil pipeline was carried out. Results showed that under the combination of all inspection and special inspection,various methods like CIPS,SCM,potential gradient measurements and current monitoring were adopted. Furthermore,the stray current type and its effect on the pipelines could be determined,combined with site excavation analysis. The pipeline was subjected to severe DC stray current and a certain extent AC stray current,which resulted in localized corrosion of the pipeline. After the analysis and assessment on the pipe-to-soil potential measurement and stray current drainage improvement measures,the remediation measures and preliminary program for the maintenance of the pipeline were proposed.It was considered that the source control of stray current of the pipelines should be strengthened,and meantime a variety of detection and monitoring methods should be integrated to analyze various interference factors and corrosion states. In this way the scientific and reasonable methods and preventive countermeasures were formulated,providing the basis for the pipeline integrity management.
Stray current has caused great harm and damage on buried steel pipelines,and the key to protect the pipeline from stray current is how to carry out effective detection and evaluation to formulate the appropriate protective measures as well. Based on the application of different detection methods and drainage measures,a research on the comprehensive detection and protection of stray current interference on an oil pipeline was carried out. Results showed that under the combination of all inspection and special inspection,various methods like CIPS,SCM,potential gradient measurements and current monitoring were adopted. Furthermore,the stray current type and its effect on the pipelines could be determined,combined with site excavation analysis. The pipeline was subjected to severe DC stray current and a certain extent AC stray current,which resulted in localized corrosion of the pipeline. After the analysis and assessment on the pipe-to-soil potential measurement and stray current drainage improvement measures,the remediation measures and preliminary program for the maintenance of the pipeline were proposed.It was considered that the source control of stray current of the pipelines should be strengthened,and meantime a variety of detection and monitoring methods should be integrated to analyze various interference factors and corrosion states. In this way the scientific and reasonable methods and preventive countermeasures were formulated,providing the basis for the pipeline integrity management.
引文
[1]席光锋,张峰,韩伟,等.杂散电流对长输油气管道的危害及其检测[J].油气储运,2008,27(7):40-42.
[2]杨理践,黄平,高松巍.有效抑制电气化铁路对油气管道管地电位影响的技术[J].材料保护,2015,48(6):48-51.
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[6]ZHAO X,YANG J,XING S.Study of Influence of Stray Current on Potential Distribution of Pipeline by Numerical Simulation[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011(154/155):265-268.
[7]ZHU Q,CAO A,WANG Z,et al.Stray Current Corrosion in Buried Pipeline[J].Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials,2011,58(5):234-237.
[8]宋吟蔚,王新华,何仁洋,等.埋地钢制管道杂散电流腐蚀研究现状[J].腐蚀与防护,2009,30(8):515-518.
[9]余建飞,张明.Q235钢在鹰潭酸性土壤中不同强度直流杂散电流作用下的腐蚀行为[J].材料保护,2015,48(9):14-17.
[10]胡士信,路民旭,杜艳霞,等.管道交流腐蚀的新观点[J].腐蚀与防护,2010,31(6):419-424.
[11]杨燕,李自力,文闯.杂散电流对X70钢干扰影响的腐蚀试验[J].腐蚀与防护,2013,34(5):391-394.
[12]李自力,杨燕.金属管道交流腐蚀研究新进展[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):164-171.
[13]李自力,谢跃辉,郝宏娜,等.试片断电法测量埋地管道的断电电位[J].材料保护,2011,44(12):77-79.
[14]杨永,何仁洋,李刚,等.埋地钢质管道杂散电流的检测与防护[J].腐蚀与防护,2012,33(4):324-327.
[15]毕方晓,李伟华,傅寿荣,等.埋地管道阴极保护电位准则及电位测试方法[J].材料保护,2014,47(4):72-75.
[16]李长春,何仁洋,肖勇,等.埋地钢质管道交流杂散电流测试分析方法及评价准则[J].腐蚀与防护,2013,34(7):597-599.
[17]滕延平,蔡培培,徐承伟,等.应用同步监测法定位管道杂散电流的干扰源[J].油气储运,2011,30(5):347-349.
[18]滕延平.杂散电流干扰段管道检测与减缓实践研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012:6-9.
[19]李明,王晓霖,蒲宏斌,等.埋地油气管道杂散电流检测与防护[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2014,22(4):49-53.
[20]付安庆,吕乃欣,白真权,等.交流杂散电流对长输管线钢腐蚀行为的影响[J].油气储运,2014,33(7):748-756.
[2]杨理践,黄平,高松巍.有效抑制电气化铁路对油气管道管地电位影响的技术[J].材料保护,2015,48(6):48-51.
[3]GOIDANICH S,LAZZARI L,ORMELLESE M.AC corrosionPart 2:Parameters influencing corrosion rate[J].Corrosion Science,2009,52(3):916-922.
[4]曹阿林.埋地金属管线的杂散电流腐蚀防护研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010:5-7.
[5]CHEN Z G,QIN C K,TANG J X,et al.Experiment Research of Dynamic Stray Current Interference on Buried Gas Pipeline from Urban Rail Transit[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2013,15,76-81.
[6]ZHAO X,YANG J,XING S.Study of Influence of Stray Current on Potential Distribution of Pipeline by Numerical Simulation[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011(154/155):265-268.
[7]ZHU Q,CAO A,WANG Z,et al.Stray Current Corrosion in Buried Pipeline[J].Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials,2011,58(5):234-237.
[8]宋吟蔚,王新华,何仁洋,等.埋地钢制管道杂散电流腐蚀研究现状[J].腐蚀与防护,2009,30(8):515-518.
[9]余建飞,张明.Q235钢在鹰潭酸性土壤中不同强度直流杂散电流作用下的腐蚀行为[J].材料保护,2015,48(9):14-17.
[10]胡士信,路民旭,杜艳霞,等.管道交流腐蚀的新观点[J].腐蚀与防护,2010,31(6):419-424.
[11]杨燕,李自力,文闯.杂散电流对X70钢干扰影响的腐蚀试验[J].腐蚀与防护,2013,34(5):391-394.
[12]李自力,杨燕.金属管道交流腐蚀研究新进展[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):164-171.
[13]李自力,谢跃辉,郝宏娜,等.试片断电法测量埋地管道的断电电位[J].材料保护,2011,44(12):77-79.
[14]杨永,何仁洋,李刚,等.埋地钢质管道杂散电流的检测与防护[J].腐蚀与防护,2012,33(4):324-327.
[15]毕方晓,李伟华,傅寿荣,等.埋地管道阴极保护电位准则及电位测试方法[J].材料保护,2014,47(4):72-75.
[16]李长春,何仁洋,肖勇,等.埋地钢质管道交流杂散电流测试分析方法及评价准则[J].腐蚀与防护,2013,34(7):597-599.
[17]滕延平,蔡培培,徐承伟,等.应用同步监测法定位管道杂散电流的干扰源[J].油气储运,2011,30(5):347-349.
[18]滕延平.杂散电流干扰段管道检测与减缓实践研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012:6-9.
[19]李明,王晓霖,蒲宏斌,等.埋地油气管道杂散电流检测与防护[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2014,22(4):49-53.
[20]付安庆,吕乃欣,白真权,等.交流杂散电流对长输管线钢腐蚀行为的影响[J].油气储运,2014,33(7):748-756.