基于生态文明的县域环境—经济—社会耦合脆弱性与协调性研究——以黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市为例
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摘要
选取2005—2015年齐齐哈尔市县域环境、经济和社会数据,构建包含三大子系统,9项要素,27个指标的县域环境—经济—社会系统评价体系,采用熵值法和耦合协调度模型,通过细分判别标准对其生态文明及内部三大子系统的协调性进行评价;采用脆弱性模型对2015年县域环境、经济与社会的脆弱性分级;运用ArcGIS对2015年生态文明指数和内部协调性可视化对比。结果表明:(1)齐齐哈尔多数县域生态文明质量逐年提升,但远未达良好水平;(2)县域环境、经济与社会失调发展年份居多,协调年份极少,社会滞后型成为影响协调发展的主要类型;(3)县域耦合脆弱性问题严峻,部分县域脆弱性出现两极分化;(4)县域生态文明建设与三大子系统耦合协调程度不匹配现象严重,协调度有待提升。
Based on the theory of ecological civilization and the interaction mechanism of county environmental protection, economic development and social progress, taking Qiqihar city of Heilongjiang province as an example, this research constructs the county ecological civilization evaluation system with 27 indicators, 9 elements, three sub-systems by selecting the ecological environment, economic and social data of counties from 2005 to 2015. Then using the entropy method and the coupling coordination model, criterion by subdivision, this research evaluates the ecological civilization development level and coordination of the coupling within the three subsystems including eco-environment, economy and society of each county in Qiqihar city. Finally, the spatial patterns, comparison of ecological civilization level and coordination of the coupling are revealed by using the Arc GIS software. The results indicate: 1) The quality of ecological civilization in most counties of Qiqihar city has improved year by year, but it has not reached a good level. 2) In most years, the development of the three subsystems is imbalance, and few years are coordinated. 3) The vulnerability of the coupling in Qiqihar county is serious, or even polarization. 4) The mismatch between the county ecological civilization construction and the coordination of three subsystems is extremely serious.
Based on the theory of ecological civilization and the interaction mechanism of county environmental protection, economic development and social progress, taking Qiqihar city of Heilongjiang province as an example, this research constructs the county ecological civilization evaluation system with 27 indicators, 9 elements, three sub-systems by selecting the ecological environment, economic and social data of counties from 2005 to 2015. Then using the entropy method and the coupling coordination model, criterion by subdivision, this research evaluates the ecological civilization development level and coordination of the coupling within the three subsystems including eco-environment, economy and society of each county in Qiqihar city. Finally, the spatial patterns, comparison of ecological civilization level and coordination of the coupling are revealed by using the Arc GIS software. The results indicate: 1) The quality of ecological civilization in most counties of Qiqihar city has improved year by year, but it has not reached a good level. 2) In most years, the development of the three subsystems is imbalance, and few years are coordinated. 3) The vulnerability of the coupling in Qiqihar county is serious, or even polarization. 4) The mismatch between the county ecological civilization construction and the coordination of three subsystems is extremely serious.
引文
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[2]Peter Hudis.Rosa Luxemburg's concept of a post-capitalist society[J].Critique,2012,40(3):323-335.
[3]Spretnak C.The Resurgence of the Real:Body,Nature,and Place in a Hypermodern World[M].New Jersey:Addison-Wesley,1999:1-20.
[4]Kimball S T.General and theoretical:The coming of post-industrial society:A venture in social forecasting.DANIEL BELL[J].American Anthropologist,1975,77(2):365-366.
[5]Joseph Huber.Technological environmental innovations(TEIs)in a chain-analytical and life-cycle-analytical perspective[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2008,16(18):1980-1986.
[6]Brand U.Beyond green capitalism:Social-ecological transformation and perspectives of a global green-Left[J].Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences,2016,9(1):91-105.
[7]Pechurkin N S,Somova L A.Anthropogenic civilization:From socioeconomic to environmental instability[J].Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences,2014,84(1):47-51.
[8]Moore J.Ecological footprints and lifestyle archetypes:Exploring dimensions of consumption and the transformation needed to achieve urban sustainability[J].Sustainability,2015,7(4):4747-4763.
[9]Register R.Ecocities:Rebuilding Cities in Balance with Nature[M].Columbia:New Society Publishers,2006:1-373.
[10]马世骏,王如松.社会—经济—自然复合生态系统[J].生态学报,1984,4(1):3-11.[Ma Shijun,Wang Rusong.The social-economicnatural complex ecosystem[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,1984,4(1):3-11.]
[11]李苒,曹明明,胡胜,等.县域生态环境与经济协调发展的时空演替分析——以陕西省榆林市为例[J].人文地理,2014,29(5):101-108.[Lin Ran,Cao Mingming,Hu Sheng,et al.The coordinated development about eco-environment and economy:A case study of Yulin city of Shaanxi province[J].Human Geography,2014,29(5):101-108.]
[12]杨晓棠.关于县域生态文明建设思路探讨[J].环境与可持续发展,2015,40(5):44-46.[Yang Xiaotang.Discussion on ecological civilization construction ideas in the county-level[J].Environment and Sustainable Development,2015,40(5):44-46.]
[13]闵毅梅,曹志宏,杜星妍.县级生态文明建设规划研究——以江苏省宝应县为例[J].环境与可持续发展,2015,40(1):175-176.[Min Yimei,Cao Zhihong,Du Xingyan.Studying on county-level planning of eco-civilization construction:Case study of Baoying county in Jiangsu province[J].Environment and Sustainable Development,2015,40(1):175-176.]
[14]秦璐,庞若,刘青林.南召生态县建设指标体系与潜力评估[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(3):188-196.[Qin Lu,Pang Ruo,Liu Qinglin.Index system and potential evaluation of ecological construction in Nanzhao county[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(3):188-196.]
[15]李小玲,陈兴鹏.甘肃省崇信生态县建设能力评价[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(2):260-265.[Li Xiaoling,Chen Xingpeng.Evaluation of the ecological construction ability in Chongxin County,Gansu province[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2015,51(2):260-265.]
[16]李茜,胡昊,李名升,等.中国生态文明综合评价及环境、经济与社会协调发展研究[J].资源科学,2015,37(7):1444-1454.[Li Qian,Hu Hao,Li Mingsheng,et al.Ecological civilization evaluation and coordinated development between environment,economy and society[J].Resources Science,2015,37(7):1444-1454.]
[17]李中才,刘林德,孙玉峰,等.基于PSR方法的区域生态安全评价[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6495-6503.[Li Zhongcai,Liu Linde,Sun Yu Feng,et al.Assessment method of regional ecological security based on Pressure-State-Response model[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(23):6495-6503.]
[18]陈晓红,吴广斌,万鲁河.基于BP的城市化与生态环境耦合脆弱性与协调性动态模拟研究——以黑龙江省东部煤电化基地为例[J].地理科学,2014,34(11):1337-1343.[Chen Xiaohong,Wu Guangbin,Wan Luhe.Dynamic simulation of vulnerability and coordination of the coupling of urban and ecological environment based on BP:A case of the Coal-electricity base in the eastern Heilongjiang province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2014,34(11):1337-1343.]
[19]廖重斌.环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系——以珠江三角洲城市群为例[J].热带地理,1999,19(2):171-177.[Liao Chongbin.Quantitaitve judgement and classification system for coordinated development of environment and economy:A case study of the city group in the Pearl River Delta[J].Tropical Geography,1999,19(2):171-177.]
[20]丁金梅,文琦.陕北农牧交错区生态环境与经济协调发展评价[J].干旱区地理(汉文版),2010,33(1):136-142.[Ding Jinmei,Wen Qi.Evaluation of coordination development between ecology and economy in agro-pastoral ecotone of northern Shaanxi[J].Arid Land Geography,2010,33(1):136-142.]