大型连锁酒店时空演变特征及扩散模式——以上海市汉庭酒店为例
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摘要
利用GIS软件分析了2005—2016年上海市汉庭连锁酒店的时空分布特征及扩散模式,结果表明:(1)时序变化:汉庭酒店的阶段性特征明显,可分为缓慢发展、巩固发展和全面铺开3个阶段,酒店与客房数量年均增长率均快速上升.(2)空间分布:汉庭酒店分布范围越来越广,分布方向趋势逐步不明显,分布重心向西南方向扩展;不同时期酒店空间集聚特征差异显著,分布密度呈现主城区相对密集,郊县相对稀疏的格局;各区酒店增长速度差异明显,增速较快的区经历由浦东新区和徐汇区到闵行区再到浦东新区的变化过程,且以主城区为中心向外围呈梯度递减,分布格局向相对分散的方向发展;品牌分布上,中端酒店分布辖区较少,经济型酒店则分布广泛.(3)扩散模式:2005—2008年,2009—2012年和2013—2016年3个阶段的扩散模式依次为点-轴迁移扩散模式、沿市内交通干线扩散模式和向主城区由郊县扩散模式.总体特征表现为以接触扩散为主,等级扩散为辅;借助电商平台,迅速扩张市场;扩大企业规模,发展多元品牌.
This paper uses GIS software to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and diffusion model of Hanting chain hotels in Shanghai. The results show that,firstly,the stage characteristics are obvious,which can be divided into three stages: slow development,consolidate development and full scale expansion. The annual average growth rates of hotels and guest rooms are rising rapidly. Secondly,the spatial correlation results show that the distribution scope is more and more wide,the distribution direction is becoming less obvious,and the distribution center of gravity extends southwest. The characteristics of hotel space agglomeration are different in different periods. Kernel density analysis shows that the distribution pattern shows the urban area is relatively dense,suburban relatively sparse first. The faster-growing district experienced changes from Pudong new district and Xuhui district to Minhang district and back to Pudong new district. Urban and suburban distribution is uneven. It shows the distribution of gradient decreasing from the main city to suburban county. From the point of view of brand distribution,the medium hotel is less distributed,while economy hotel is widely distributed. Thirdly,each sub period diffusion model has its own characteristics. From 2005 to 2008,it is the point axis diffusion model. From 2009 to2012,the hotel spreads along the city's main arterial road. From 2013 to 2016,the hotel spreads from the main city to the suburban areas in massive expansion. The overall characteristics are mainly based on contact proliferation,supplemented by grade diffusion,rapid expansion of the market through the e-commerce platform,expansion of business scale,and development of multi-brands.
This paper uses GIS software to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and diffusion model of Hanting chain hotels in Shanghai. The results show that,firstly,the stage characteristics are obvious,which can be divided into three stages: slow development,consolidate development and full scale expansion. The annual average growth rates of hotels and guest rooms are rising rapidly. Secondly,the spatial correlation results show that the distribution scope is more and more wide,the distribution direction is becoming less obvious,and the distribution center of gravity extends southwest. The characteristics of hotel space agglomeration are different in different periods. Kernel density analysis shows that the distribution pattern shows the urban area is relatively dense,suburban relatively sparse first. The faster-growing district experienced changes from Pudong new district and Xuhui district to Minhang district and back to Pudong new district. Urban and suburban distribution is uneven. It shows the distribution of gradient decreasing from the main city to suburban county. From the point of view of brand distribution,the medium hotel is less distributed,while economy hotel is widely distributed. Thirdly,each sub period diffusion model has its own characteristics. From 2005 to 2008,it is the point axis diffusion model. From 2009 to2012,the hotel spreads along the city's main arterial road. From 2013 to 2016,the hotel spreads from the main city to the suburban areas in massive expansion. The overall characteristics are mainly based on contact proliferation,supplemented by grade diffusion,rapid expansion of the market through the e-commerce platform,expansion of business scale,and development of multi-brands.
引文
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[2] DAVID J E,KEVIN N. Towards a theory of intra urban hotel location[J]. Urban Studies,2000,37(3):611-621.
[3] BEGIN S. The geography of a tourist business:hotel distribution and urban development in Xiamen,China[J].Tour Geog,2000,2(4):448-471.
[4] AINHOA U,ISABEL G. Hotel location in tourism cities,Madrid 1936~1998[J]. Ann Tour Res,2006,33(2):382-402.
[5] ASHWORTH G J,TUNBRIDGE J E. The Tourist-Historic City[M]. London:Belhaven Press,1990.
[6]侯兵,黄震方,陈肖静.主客体视角的城市经济型酒店空间分布研究———以扬州市为例[J].旅游学刊,2009,24(5):72-79.
[7]文吉.广州市星级酒店空间发展格局[J].经济地理,2006(3):451-455.
[8]姜海宁,肖海平,李广斌,等.长三角五星级酒店空间格局研究[J].商业研究,2011(7):79-83.
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[10]刘嘉毅,赵磊.中国五星级酒店区位布局:特征与影响因素[J].旅游学刊,2013,28(8):87-93.
[11]王翠平.我国经济型酒店的空间分布及其影响因素研究———以如家快捷酒店为例[J].山西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,31(1):118-123.
[12]闻虹,李金荣.我国经济型酒店扩张的机理与对策研究[J].技术经济与管理研究,2014(11):62-65.
[13]李飞.中国经济型连锁酒店空间扩散类型及其规律———接触扩散与等级扩散的理论视角[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(8):52-58.
[14]黄莹,甄峰,汪侠,等.电子商务影响下的以南京主城区经济型连锁酒店空间组织与扩张研究[J].经济地理,2012,32(10):56-62.
[15]陈均亮.经济型酒店空间扩张模式的国内外比较[J].世界地理研究,2008,17(3):164-170.
[16]李文静,宋洪义,李冬麒.上海市星级饭店空间布局研究[J].华东经济管理,2011,25(2):9-12.
[17]翁瑾,张希蒙.上海市中心地体系的演化———以酒店业为例[J].经济地理,2014,34(5):55-62.
[18]李龙,王朝辉,李保超,等.上海市星级酒店空间可达性及其驱动力研究[J].海南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,29(4):425-434.
[19]查爱苹,徐娜,后智钢.经济型酒店微观选址适宜性研究———以上海中心城区锦江之星为例[J].人文地理,2017,32(1):152-160.
[20]王朝辉,陆林,方婷,等.世博建设期上海市旅游住宿产业空间格局演化[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1423-1437.
[21]彭青,张骁鸣,曾国军.广交会与2010年亚运会对广州酒店空间格局的影响[J].地理科学,2009,29(2):154-160.
[22]赵璐,赵作权.基于特征椭圆的中国经济空间分异研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(8):979-986.
[23]吴清,李细归,吴黎,等.湖北武陵山区旅游资源空间格局及开发研究[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2017,40(2):17-24.
[24]王则斌,钱轶洲.我国经济型连锁酒店低碳发展模式及策略研究———以“汉庭”发展模式为例[J].苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,37(6):104-113.
[2] DAVID J E,KEVIN N. Towards a theory of intra urban hotel location[J]. Urban Studies,2000,37(3):611-621.
[3] BEGIN S. The geography of a tourist business:hotel distribution and urban development in Xiamen,China[J].Tour Geog,2000,2(4):448-471.
[4] AINHOA U,ISABEL G. Hotel location in tourism cities,Madrid 1936~1998[J]. Ann Tour Res,2006,33(2):382-402.
[5] ASHWORTH G J,TUNBRIDGE J E. The Tourist-Historic City[M]. London:Belhaven Press,1990.
[6]侯兵,黄震方,陈肖静.主客体视角的城市经济型酒店空间分布研究———以扬州市为例[J].旅游学刊,2009,24(5):72-79.
[7]文吉.广州市星级酒店空间发展格局[J].经济地理,2006(3):451-455.
[8]姜海宁,肖海平,李广斌,等.长三角五星级酒店空间格局研究[J].商业研究,2011(7):79-83.
[9]梅林,韩蕾.中国星级酒店空间分布与影响因子分析[J].经济地理,2011,31(9):1580-1584.
[10]刘嘉毅,赵磊.中国五星级酒店区位布局:特征与影响因素[J].旅游学刊,2013,28(8):87-93.
[11]王翠平.我国经济型酒店的空间分布及其影响因素研究———以如家快捷酒店为例[J].山西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,31(1):118-123.
[12]闻虹,李金荣.我国经济型酒店扩张的机理与对策研究[J].技术经济与管理研究,2014(11):62-65.
[13]李飞.中国经济型连锁酒店空间扩散类型及其规律———接触扩散与等级扩散的理论视角[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(8):52-58.
[14]黄莹,甄峰,汪侠,等.电子商务影响下的以南京主城区经济型连锁酒店空间组织与扩张研究[J].经济地理,2012,32(10):56-62.
[15]陈均亮.经济型酒店空间扩张模式的国内外比较[J].世界地理研究,2008,17(3):164-170.
[16]李文静,宋洪义,李冬麒.上海市星级饭店空间布局研究[J].华东经济管理,2011,25(2):9-12.
[17]翁瑾,张希蒙.上海市中心地体系的演化———以酒店业为例[J].经济地理,2014,34(5):55-62.
[18]李龙,王朝辉,李保超,等.上海市星级酒店空间可达性及其驱动力研究[J].海南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,29(4):425-434.
[19]查爱苹,徐娜,后智钢.经济型酒店微观选址适宜性研究———以上海中心城区锦江之星为例[J].人文地理,2017,32(1):152-160.
[20]王朝辉,陆林,方婷,等.世博建设期上海市旅游住宿产业空间格局演化[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1423-1437.
[21]彭青,张骁鸣,曾国军.广交会与2010年亚运会对广州酒店空间格局的影响[J].地理科学,2009,29(2):154-160.
[22]赵璐,赵作权.基于特征椭圆的中国经济空间分异研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(8):979-986.
[23]吴清,李细归,吴黎,等.湖北武陵山区旅游资源空间格局及开发研究[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2017,40(2):17-24.
[24]王则斌,钱轶洲.我国经济型连锁酒店低碳发展模式及策略研究———以“汉庭”发展模式为例[J].苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,37(6):104-113.