GPS/BDS组合定位精度分析
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摘要
随着定位技术的不断发展及多系统导航定位技术的逐步推广,多系统组合导航定位已经成为了GNSS导航定位领域中的主要发展趋势。主要阐述了GPS/BDS组合相对定位的观测方程和数学模型,并根据实测数据对比分析,从卫星可见性、精度因子、定位精度和均方根误差等方面对CGPS、BDS及CGPS/BDS组合定位系统的定位性能、定位精度进行了比较。研究结果表明,较单一的CGPS和BDS系统定位,采用CGPS/BDS组合定位可有效提高卫星可见数目和DOP值,且稳定性更好。CGPS/BDS组合定位的定位精度也明显优于单一系统,这对CGNSS高精度导航定位具有重要的参考价值。
In view of the continuous development of positioning technology and the gradual promotion of multi-system navigation and positioning technology, multi-system integrated navigation and positioning has become the main development trend of GNSS navigation and positioning field. In this paper, the observation equation and mathematical model of GPS/BDS combination relative positioning are mainly described. The positioning performance and precision of GPS, BDS and GPS/BDS integrated positioning system are compared from the aspects of satellite visibility, precision factor, positioning accuracy and root mean square error. The results show that the GPS/BDS integrated positioning system can effectively improve the number of visible satellites and DOP values, and the stability is better than the single GPS and BDS positioning system. The positioning accuracy of GPS/BDS integrated positioning is also better than that of the single system, which has important reference value for GNSS high-precision navigation and positioning system.
In view of the continuous development of positioning technology and the gradual promotion of multi-system navigation and positioning technology, multi-system integrated navigation and positioning has become the main development trend of GNSS navigation and positioning field. In this paper, the observation equation and mathematical model of GPS/BDS combination relative positioning are mainly described. The positioning performance and precision of GPS, BDS and GPS/BDS integrated positioning system are compared from the aspects of satellite visibility, precision factor, positioning accuracy and root mean square error. The results show that the GPS/BDS integrated positioning system can effectively improve the number of visible satellites and DOP values, and the stability is better than the single GPS and BDS positioning system. The positioning accuracy of GPS/BDS integrated positioning is also better than that of the single system, which has important reference value for GNSS high-precision navigation and positioning system.
引文
[1]张辉,周田,李博,等.BDS/GPS组合系统定位性能分析[J].测绘科学,2014,39(6):18-21+58.ZHANG Hui, ZHOU Tian, LI Bo, et at. Analysis of positioning performance on combined BDS/GPS system[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2014, 39(6):18-21+58.
[2]杨元喜.北斗卫星导航系统的进展、贡献与挑战[J].测绘学报,2010, 39(1):1-6.YANG Yuan-xi. Progerss, contribution and challenge of compass/BeiDou satellite navigation system[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2010, 39(1):1-6.
[3]杨元喜,李金龙,王爱兵,等.北斗区域卫星导航系统基本导航定位性能初步评估[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014, 44(1):72-81.YANG Yuan-xi, LI Jin-long, WANG Ai-bing, et al. Preliminary assessment of the navigation and positioning performance of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system[J].Science China:Earth Sciences, 2014, 44(1):72-81.
[4]吴甜甜,张云,刘永明,等.北斗/GPS组合定位方法[J].遥感学报,2014,18(5):1087-1097.WU Tian-tian, ZHANG Yun, LIU Yong-ming, et al. BeiDou/GPS combination positioning methodology[J].Journal of Remote Sensing, 2014, 18(5):1087-1097.
[5]邹波,李晓莉,陶庭叶,等.GPS/BDS组合系统伪距单点定位模型精度分析[J].测绘科学,2014, 39(10):30-32+52.ZOU Bo, LI Xiao-li, TAO Ting-ye, et al. Accuracy analysis on combined GPS/BDS pseudorange single point positioning[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2014, 39(10):30-32+52.
[6]陈健,赵兴旺,刘超,等.基于BDS/GPS组合的短基线相对定位性能分析「J1.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 40(2):192-196.CHEN Jian, ZHAO Xing-wang, LIU Chao, et al. Performance analysis of short baseline relative positioning based on integrated BDS/GPS[Jl. Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science), 2017, 40(2):192-196.
[7]王兴冰,黄劲松.GPS/BDS网络RTK非组合模型数据处理方法[J].导航定位学报,2017, 5(4):92-97.WANG Xing-bing, HUANG Jin-song. Application and positioning performance of un-combined model in GPS/BDS network-RTK[J]. Journal of Navigation&Positioning,2017, 5(4):92-97.
[8]Wang M, Cai H Z, Pan Z P. BDS/GPS relative positioning for long baseline with undifferenced observations[J].Advances in Space Research, 2015, 55(1):113-124.
[9]陈浩,许长辉,高井祥,等.BDS、GPS及其组合系统伪距单点定位精度分析[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 34(2):72-78.CHEN Hao, XU Chang-hui, GAO Jing-xiang, et al. Precision analysis of pseudorange single point positioning by BDS. GPS and combined BDS/GPS[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2015, 34(2):72-78.
[10]张小红,李星星,郭斐,等.GPS单频精密单点定位软件实现与精度分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2008, 33(8):783-787.ZHANG Xiao-hong, LI Xing-xing, GUO Fei, et al. Realization and precision analysis of single-frequency precise point positioning software[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University. 2008, 33(8):783-787.
[11]魏子卿.2000中国大地坐标系及其与WGS84的比较[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008, 28(5):1-5.WEI Zi-qing. China geodetic coordinate system 2000 and its comparison with WCS84[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2008, 28(5):1-5.
[12]张晨晰,王潜心,党亚民,等.GPS/BDS组合系统相对定位模型和精度分析[J].测绘科学,2014, 39(10):26-29+47.ZHANG Chen-xi, WANG Qian-xin, DANG Ya-min, et al. Relative positioning models and their precision analysis forcombined GPS/BDS[J]. Science of Surveying and Map-ping, 2014, 39(10):26-29+47.
[13]Roberts G W, Tang X, He X F. Accuracy analysis of GPS/BDS relative positioning using zero-baseline measurements[J]. The Journal of Global Positioning Systems,2018, 16(1):7.
[14]严丽,李萌.IDS+GPS相对定位精度因子分析[J].测绘学报,2017, 46(3):325-331.YAN Li, LI Meng. Analysis of BDS+GPS relative positioning dilution of precision[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2017, 46(3):325-331.
[15]唐卫明,崔健慧,惠孟堂.北斗区域星座对相对定位精度的影响分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2016, 41(8):1107-1112.TANG Wei-ming, CUI Jian-hui,HUI Meng-tang. Analysisof the impact of BeiDou regional constellation on relative positioning accuracy[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2016, 41(8):1107-1112.
[16]Briskman R D. Radio determination satellite service[C].Proceedings of the IEEE, 1990, 78(7):1096-1106.
[2]杨元喜.北斗卫星导航系统的进展、贡献与挑战[J].测绘学报,2010, 39(1):1-6.YANG Yuan-xi. Progerss, contribution and challenge of compass/BeiDou satellite navigation system[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2010, 39(1):1-6.
[3]杨元喜,李金龙,王爱兵,等.北斗区域卫星导航系统基本导航定位性能初步评估[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014, 44(1):72-81.YANG Yuan-xi, LI Jin-long, WANG Ai-bing, et al. Preliminary assessment of the navigation and positioning performance of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system[J].Science China:Earth Sciences, 2014, 44(1):72-81.
[4]吴甜甜,张云,刘永明,等.北斗/GPS组合定位方法[J].遥感学报,2014,18(5):1087-1097.WU Tian-tian, ZHANG Yun, LIU Yong-ming, et al. BeiDou/GPS combination positioning methodology[J].Journal of Remote Sensing, 2014, 18(5):1087-1097.
[5]邹波,李晓莉,陶庭叶,等.GPS/BDS组合系统伪距单点定位模型精度分析[J].测绘科学,2014, 39(10):30-32+52.ZOU Bo, LI Xiao-li, TAO Ting-ye, et al. Accuracy analysis on combined GPS/BDS pseudorange single point positioning[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2014, 39(10):30-32+52.
[6]陈健,赵兴旺,刘超,等.基于BDS/GPS组合的短基线相对定位性能分析「J1.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 40(2):192-196.CHEN Jian, ZHAO Xing-wang, LIU Chao, et al. Performance analysis of short baseline relative positioning based on integrated BDS/GPS[Jl. Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science), 2017, 40(2):192-196.
[7]王兴冰,黄劲松.GPS/BDS网络RTK非组合模型数据处理方法[J].导航定位学报,2017, 5(4):92-97.WANG Xing-bing, HUANG Jin-song. Application and positioning performance of un-combined model in GPS/BDS network-RTK[J]. Journal of Navigation&Positioning,2017, 5(4):92-97.
[8]Wang M, Cai H Z, Pan Z P. BDS/GPS relative positioning for long baseline with undifferenced observations[J].Advances in Space Research, 2015, 55(1):113-124.
[9]陈浩,许长辉,高井祥,等.BDS、GPS及其组合系统伪距单点定位精度分析[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 34(2):72-78.CHEN Hao, XU Chang-hui, GAO Jing-xiang, et al. Precision analysis of pseudorange single point positioning by BDS. GPS and combined BDS/GPS[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2015, 34(2):72-78.
[10]张小红,李星星,郭斐,等.GPS单频精密单点定位软件实现与精度分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2008, 33(8):783-787.ZHANG Xiao-hong, LI Xing-xing, GUO Fei, et al. Realization and precision analysis of single-frequency precise point positioning software[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University. 2008, 33(8):783-787.
[11]魏子卿.2000中国大地坐标系及其与WGS84的比较[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008, 28(5):1-5.WEI Zi-qing. China geodetic coordinate system 2000 and its comparison with WCS84[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2008, 28(5):1-5.
[12]张晨晰,王潜心,党亚民,等.GPS/BDS组合系统相对定位模型和精度分析[J].测绘科学,2014, 39(10):26-29+47.ZHANG Chen-xi, WANG Qian-xin, DANG Ya-min, et al. Relative positioning models and their precision analysis forcombined GPS/BDS[J]. Science of Surveying and Map-ping, 2014, 39(10):26-29+47.
[13]Roberts G W, Tang X, He X F. Accuracy analysis of GPS/BDS relative positioning using zero-baseline measurements[J]. The Journal of Global Positioning Systems,2018, 16(1):7.
[14]严丽,李萌.IDS+GPS相对定位精度因子分析[J].测绘学报,2017, 46(3):325-331.YAN Li, LI Meng. Analysis of BDS+GPS relative positioning dilution of precision[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2017, 46(3):325-331.
[15]唐卫明,崔健慧,惠孟堂.北斗区域星座对相对定位精度的影响分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2016, 41(8):1107-1112.TANG Wei-ming, CUI Jian-hui,HUI Meng-tang. Analysisof the impact of BeiDou regional constellation on relative positioning accuracy[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2016, 41(8):1107-1112.
[16]Briskman R D. Radio determination satellite service[C].Proceedings of the IEEE, 1990, 78(7):1096-1106.