三种饮用水对高血压小鼠血压的影响
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摘要
目的探究3种饮用水对高血压小鼠血压的影响及可能机制。方法测定3种饮用水的水质情况:溶解性总固体(TDS)、耗氧量(OC)、p H、氧化还原电位(ORP)、电导率(EC)、溶解氢、钙和镁;采用N'-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(L-NAME)连续灌胃法(30天)建立ICR小鼠高血压模型。然后将小鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组、模型对照组、模型自来水组和模型过滤水组,每个月检测小鼠血压,3个月后测定小鼠血清一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、内皮素(ET)、血管紧张素(Ang)、醛固酮(ALD)、儿茶酚胺(CA)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及环磷酸鸟苷(c-GMP)含量;取小鼠心脏、肾脏和胸主动脉组织制作石蜡切片观察其形态。结果过滤水pH、TDS、OC、EC、钙和镁均高于纯水和自来水,ORP呈负值,且溶解氢含量高;模型过滤水组小鼠收缩压与平均血压[(106.24±5.31)和(90.73±4.99)mmHg]低于模型对照组[(119.58±6.08)和(96.44±6.48)mmHg],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模型过滤水组NO含量[(87.05±39.82)μmol/L]明显高于模型对照组[(45.01±9.62)μmol/L]和模型自来水组[(46.56±30.54)μmol/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模型自来水组和模型过滤水组IL-6[(201.42±36.41)和(173.99±114.96)pg/mL]和Ang含量[(1319.20±111.90)和(1349.38±180.15)ng/L]显著低于模型对照组[(363.14±149.00)pg/mL和(1736.17±242.86)ng/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模型过滤水组T-SOD和GSH-Px活性[(268.37±12.25)和(712.45±30.59)U/mL]显著高于模型对照组[(250.46±15.60)和(678.36±35.80)U/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与纯水、自来水相比,过滤水可通过抗氧化、抗炎作用降低高血压小鼠血压。
Objective To explore the effect of three kinds of drinking water and its possible mechanism on blood pressure of hypertensive mice. Methods The water quality parameters were measured for three kinds of drinking water,and the parameters includedtotal dissolved solids( TDS),oxygen consumed( OC),p H,oxidation reduction potential( ORP),electric conductivity( EC),dissolved hydrogen,calcium and magnesium.Establishment of mouse model of high blood pressure by using N'-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride( L-NAME) for 30 days. Then the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group,model control group,group of tap water and group of filtered water. Blood pressure in mice was detected every month. After 3 months,nitric oxide( NO),nitric oxide synthase( NOS),total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD),malondialdehyde( MDA),glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px),endothelin( ET),angiotensin( Ang),aldosterone( ALD),catecholamine( CA),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP),interleukin 6( IL-6) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate( c-GMP) in serum of the mice were determined. Simultaneously morphological changes of heart,kidney and thoracic aorta paraffin section were observed. Results The p H,TDS,OC,EC,calcium and magnesium in filtered water were higher than that of pure and tap water. The negative ORP and great quantities of dissolved hydrogen were found in filtered water; The systolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure(( 106. 24 ± 5. 31) and( 90. 73 ± 4. 99)mm Hg) of filtered water were lower than those of the pure water( 119. 58 ± 6. 08 and 96. 44± 6. 48 mm Hg)( P < 0. 05). The NO(( 87. 05 ± 39. 82) μmol/L) in the mice with filtered water were higher than those of with pure and tap water(( 45. 01 ± 9. 62) and( 46. 56 ±30. 54) μmol/L)( P < 0. 05). Compared with those of the mice with pure water,significant decrease in IL-6(( 201. 42 ± 36. 41) and( 173. 99 ± 114. 96) vs.( 363. 14 ± 149. 00)pg/m L) and Ang(( 1319. 20 ± 111. 90) and( 1349. 38 ± 180. 15) vs.( 1736. 17 ±242. 86) ng/L) were observed in mice treated with tap and filtered water( P < 0. 05).The T-SOD and GSH-Px(( 268. 37 ± 12. 25) and( 712. 45 ± 30. 59) U/m L) in the mice with filtered water were significant higher than those of pure water(( 250. 46 ± 15. 60) and( 678. 36 ± 35. 80) U/m L)( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with pure and tap water,filtered water can reduce the blood pressure of the hypertensive mice by antioxidation and anti-inflammatory.
Objective To explore the effect of three kinds of drinking water and its possible mechanism on blood pressure of hypertensive mice. Methods The water quality parameters were measured for three kinds of drinking water,and the parameters includedtotal dissolved solids( TDS),oxygen consumed( OC),p H,oxidation reduction potential( ORP),electric conductivity( EC),dissolved hydrogen,calcium and magnesium.Establishment of mouse model of high blood pressure by using N'-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride( L-NAME) for 30 days. Then the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group,model control group,group of tap water and group of filtered water. Blood pressure in mice was detected every month. After 3 months,nitric oxide( NO),nitric oxide synthase( NOS),total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD),malondialdehyde( MDA),glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px),endothelin( ET),angiotensin( Ang),aldosterone( ALD),catecholamine( CA),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP),interleukin 6( IL-6) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate( c-GMP) in serum of the mice were determined. Simultaneously morphological changes of heart,kidney and thoracic aorta paraffin section were observed. Results The p H,TDS,OC,EC,calcium and magnesium in filtered water were higher than that of pure and tap water. The negative ORP and great quantities of dissolved hydrogen were found in filtered water; The systolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure(( 106. 24 ± 5. 31) and( 90. 73 ± 4. 99)mm Hg) of filtered water were lower than those of the pure water( 119. 58 ± 6. 08 and 96. 44± 6. 48 mm Hg)( P < 0. 05). The NO(( 87. 05 ± 39. 82) μmol/L) in the mice with filtered water were higher than those of with pure and tap water(( 45. 01 ± 9. 62) and( 46. 56 ±30. 54) μmol/L)( P < 0. 05). Compared with those of the mice with pure water,significant decrease in IL-6(( 201. 42 ± 36. 41) and( 173. 99 ± 114. 96) vs.( 363. 14 ± 149. 00)pg/m L) and Ang(( 1319. 20 ± 111. 90) and( 1349. 38 ± 180. 15) vs.( 1736. 17 ±242. 86) ng/L) were observed in mice treated with tap and filtered water( P < 0. 05).The T-SOD and GSH-Px(( 268. 37 ± 12. 25) and( 712. 45 ± 30. 59) U/m L) in the mice with filtered water were significant higher than those of pure water(( 250. 46 ± 15. 60) and( 678. 36 ± 35. 80) U/m L)( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with pure and tap water,filtered water can reduce the blood pressure of the hypertensive mice by antioxidation and anti-inflammatory.
引文
[1]国家心血管病中心.中国心血管病报告2014[M].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,2015.
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[12]胡浩然,宣佳利,杨解人,等.芝麻素改善自发性高血压大鼠肾损伤的作用及与PI3K/AKT/m TOR信号通路的关系[J].中国病理生理杂志,2016,32(4):719-725.
[13]XIN Haiguang,ZHANG Beibei,WU Zhiqin,et al.Consumption of hydrogen-rich water alleviates renal injury in spontaneous hypertensive rats[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2014,392(1-2):117-124.
[14]侯树慧,潘桂兰,王英,等.碱性离子水与健康关系的研究进展[J].包头医学院学报,2011,27(2):118-119.
[15]丁康,周建中,张伟,等.基于炎症相关信号通路探讨调控血压的中药研究进展[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2016,36(4):499-503.
[16]王金磊,李承德,孙宏伟,等.黄芪多糖抑制NF-κB/MAPK信号通路和改善哮喘大鼠气道炎症的作用[J].中国药理学通报,2016,32(4):489-493.
[17]SAVOIA C,SCHIFFRIN E L.Inflammation in hypertension[J].Curr Opinion Nephrol Hypertens,2006,15(2):152-158.
[18]SUN Li,GAO Yuehong,TIAN Dengke,et al.Inflammation of different tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J].Acta Physiologica Sinica,2006,58(4):318-323.
[2]SORLIE P D,ALLISON M A,AVILES-SANTA M L,et al.Prevalence of hypertension,awareness,treatment,and control the hispanic community health study/study of latinos[J].Am J Hypertens,2014,27(6):773-774.
[3]BANKAR G R,NAYAK P G,BANSAL P,et al.Vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effect of Cocos nucifera Linn endocarp on isolated rat thoracic aorta and DOCA salt-induced hypertensive rats[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2011,28(6):504-513.
[4]WANG Jinwei,ZHANG Luxia,WANG Fang,et al.Prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in China:results from a national survey[J].Am J Hypertens,2014,27(11):1355-1361.
[5]SHEU M J,CHOU P Y,LIN W H,et al.Deep sea water modulates blood pressure and exhibits hypolipidemic effects via the AMPK-ACC pathway:an in vivo study[J].Mar Drugs,2013,11(6):2183-202.
[6]YU Yongsheng,ZHENG Hao.Chronic hydrogen-rich saline treatment reduces oxidative stress and attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy in spontaneous hypertensive rats[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2012,365(1):233-242.
[7]赵伟,孙国志.不同种实验动物间用药量换算[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2010,32(5):52-53.
[8]陈柏年,于晓彦,孙加琳,等.黄连碱对L-NAME诱导高血压大鼠胸主动脉功能的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2011,27(5):610-613.
[9]GOMEZ-GUZMAN M,JIMENEZ R,SANCHEZ M,et al.Epicatechin lowers blood pressure,restores endothelial function,and decreases oxidative stress and endothelin-1 and NADPH oxidase activity in DOCA-salt hypertension[J].Free Radic Biol Med,2012,52(1):70-79.
[10]CHEN Jing,ZHANG Zhiguo,CAI Lu.Diabetic cardiomyopathy and its prevention by nrf2:current status[J].Diabetes Metab J,2014,38(5):337-345.
[11]周斯平,吴延庆,程晓曙,等.依布硒啉和维生素E降血压及心脏保护作用[J].中华高血压杂志,2008,16(6):543-546.
[12]胡浩然,宣佳利,杨解人,等.芝麻素改善自发性高血压大鼠肾损伤的作用及与PI3K/AKT/m TOR信号通路的关系[J].中国病理生理杂志,2016,32(4):719-725.
[13]XIN Haiguang,ZHANG Beibei,WU Zhiqin,et al.Consumption of hydrogen-rich water alleviates renal injury in spontaneous hypertensive rats[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2014,392(1-2):117-124.
[14]侯树慧,潘桂兰,王英,等.碱性离子水与健康关系的研究进展[J].包头医学院学报,2011,27(2):118-119.
[15]丁康,周建中,张伟,等.基于炎症相关信号通路探讨调控血压的中药研究进展[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2016,36(4):499-503.
[16]王金磊,李承德,孙宏伟,等.黄芪多糖抑制NF-κB/MAPK信号通路和改善哮喘大鼠气道炎症的作用[J].中国药理学通报,2016,32(4):489-493.
[17]SAVOIA C,SCHIFFRIN E L.Inflammation in hypertension[J].Curr Opinion Nephrol Hypertens,2006,15(2):152-158.
[18]SUN Li,GAO Yuehong,TIAN Dengke,et al.Inflammation of different tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J].Acta Physiologica Sinica,2006,58(4):318-323.