油田集输管网结垢监测与预测技术进展
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摘要
针对不同油田回注水结垢特点,总结了目前几种结垢趋势预测方法,并对管道结垢在线监测方法如热学方法和非热学方法等进行了对比分析,讨论了各自的优势、判断标准、适用情形和局限性。最后,对目前的几种结垢监测方法进行了总结,并对新的在线结垢监测技术提出了展望。
In the light of different scaling characteristics of pipes for injection waters in oilfields, several prediction methods for the scaling process are summarized in this paper. Correspondingly, several monitoring methods are proposed, which include two major categories: thermal method and non-thermal method. Their advantages, criteria, applicable situations and limitations are discussed in detail. Finally,the outlook of new monitoring technology is put forward.
In the light of different scaling characteristics of pipes for injection waters in oilfields, several prediction methods for the scaling process are summarized in this paper. Correspondingly, several monitoring methods are proposed, which include two major categories: thermal method and non-thermal method. Their advantages, criteria, applicable situations and limitations are discussed in detail. Finally,the outlook of new monitoring technology is put forward.
引文
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[26]Zhang C C.Study on the scaling monitoring of circulating water and the treatment of organic wastewater[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2011(张翠翠.循环水的结垢监测以及有机污水处理方法研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011)
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[29]Lin C G.Fouling performance monitoring based on the temperature and pressure signals of heat exchanger[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012(林春光.基于温压信号的换热器结垢性能监测[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012)
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[32]Izadi M,Aidun D K,Marzocca P,et al.Experimental investigation of fouling behavior of 90/10 Cu/Ni tube by heat transfer resistance monitoring method[J].J.Heat Transf.,2011,133:101801
[33]Yang D Z,Liu J H,E X X,et al.Model for seawater fouling and effects of temperature,flow velocity and surface free energy on seawater fouling[J].Chin.J.Chem.Eng.,2016,24:658
[34]Bott T R.Monitoring biofouling mitigation techniques[A].Proceedings of the 2000 National Heat Transfer Conference[C].New York:American Society of Mechanical Engineers,2000:45
[35]Wang F.Study on the compatibility of yanhe water and wastewater with formation water[J].China Petrol.Chem.Standard Qual.,2013,34(4):79(王芳.关于对延河水、混合污水与地层水配伍性的研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,34(4):79)
[36]Wei P F,Zou B,Wang C H,et al.Study on the removing of barium and strontium sulfate scale[J].Environ.Prot.Chem.Ind.,2005,25(3):188(魏平方,邹斌,王春宏等.硫酸钡锶垢去除研究[J].化工环保,2005,25(3):188)
[37]Liu Z Z,Guo H J,Wang H.Influence of polymer on the scaling of calcium carbonate in produced water using EQCM[J].Oilfield Chem.,2014,31:117(刘宗昭,郭海军,王虎.用EQCM研究油田采出水中聚合物对碳酸钙垢生长的影响规律[J].油田化学,2014,31:117)
[38]Wang H,Chen L J,Tang J L,et al.Studies on the scaling pattern of calcium carbonate and the influence of scale inhibitor by using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance technique[J].Oilfield Chem.,2016,33:345(王虎,陈龙驹,唐鋆磊等.采用电化学石英晶体微天平研究碳酸钙垢生长规律及阻垢剂的影响[J].油田化学,2016,33:345)
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[2]Sun Z J.The study of predicting and processing method in the scaling of water injection system in Shengtuo oilfield[D].Jinan:Qilu University of Technology,2015(孙桢洁.胜坨油田注水系统结垢预测及处理方法研究[D].济南:齐鲁工业大学,2015)
[3]Langelier W F.The analytical control of anti-corrosion water treatment[J].J.Am.Water Works Assoc.,1936,28:1500
[4]Stiff H A,Davis L E.A method for predicting the tendency of oil field waters to deposit calcium sulfate[J].J.Petrol.Technol.,1952,4:25
[5]Ryznar J W.A new index for determining amount of calcium carbonate scale formed by water[J].J.Am.Water Works Assoc.,1944,36:472
[6]Oddo J E,Tomson M B.Simplified calculation of CaCO3saturation at high temperatures and pressures in brine solutions[J].J.Petrol.Technol.,1982,34:1583
[7]Weng Y J,Li X Y.Prediction of water corrosivity by using pH-pHs diagram and computer program for calculating pHs values[J].Oilfield Chem.,1995,(1):54(翁永基,李相怡.水腐蚀性的pH-pHs判别模型pHs的计算[J].油田化学,1995,(1):54)
[8]Rossum J R,Merrill D T.An Evaluation of the Calcium Carbonate Saturation Indexes[J].J.Am.Water Works Assoc.,1983:75;95
[9]Li X C.The study of scale inhibition in high salinity wasterwater at high temperatures[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2015(李晓辰.高温下高盐油田污水脱盐处理阻垢技术的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2015)
[10]Zhang Y.Study of the scaling mechanisms and the anti-scaling measures in gathering and transferring system in Jilin oilfield[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2015(张艳.吉林油田集输系统结垢机理及防垢措施研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2015)
[11]Liu X Y,Li J G,Zhu Q Y,et al.The analysis and prediction of scale accumulation for water-injection pipelines in the daqing oilfield[J].J.Petrol.Sci.Eng.,2009,66:161
[12]Qiu Y Y,Wang X Y,Han P F.Mechanism and trend evaluation of encrustment and erosion of geothermal water[J].J.Jiaozuo Inst.Technol.(Nat.Sci.),2003,22:424(邱燕燕,王心义,韩鹏飞.地热水结垢与腐蚀机理及趋势判别[J].焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2003,22:424)
[13]Tang Q Q,Huang J Y,Fu Z Y.Analysis and prediction of scaling of oil wells in Zhongyuan oilfield[J].Oil Gas Stor.Transp.,2014,33:327(汤倩倩,黄金营,付朝阳.中原油田油井结垢分析与预测[J].油气储运,2014,33:327)
[14]Cui F Y,Fang Y,Yang M,et al.Prediction of inorganic scaling tendency due to injection of incompatible water in Chunjiu area of Shengli oilfield[J].Earth Sci.Front.,2012,19:301(崔付义,方颖,杨明等.胜利油田纯九区注水开发过程中无机结垢趋势预测[J].地学前缘,2012,19:301)
[15]Vetter O J,Farone W A.Calcium carbonate scale in oilfield operations[A].Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the Society of Petroleum Engineers[C].Dallas:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1987:307
[16]Wang C T.Research on the prediction of scaling tendency in gathering and transportation system of multi-department[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2011(王春涛.油田多层系集输系统结垢趋势预测研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2011)
[17]Qiu Z Y.Study on the scaling mechanism and control measurements in gas production wellbores for Shunan gas field[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2012(邱正阳.蜀南气矿采气井筒结垢机理与防垢措施研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2012)
[18]Wei C.Metastable equilibrium solubilities and related thermodynamic properties of CaSO4 and SrSO4 in pure water at multi-temperature and in salts solutions at 298.2 K[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015(魏翠.CaSO4、SrSO4垢在多温纯水中及298.2 K盐溶液中的介稳平衡溶解度及相关热力学性质研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015)
[19]Liu Y J,Jin X X,Wang H,et al.Application of scaling prediction software to the scale inhibition of offshore oilfield heater[D].Ind.Water Treatm.,2012,32(8):82(刘永杰,靳晓霞,王会等.结垢预测软件在海上油田加热器防垢中的应用[J].工业水处理,2012,32(8):82)
[20]Sun H H,Wang R S,Lu Y.Predicting technology and application methods on scale formation in oil and gas field[J].Fault-Block Oilfield,1999,6(4):64(孙海虹,王蓉莎,卢燕.油气田结垢预测技术与应用研究[J].断块油气田,1999,6(4):64)
[21]Vetter O J,Kandarpa V,Harouaka A.Prediction of scale problems due to injection of incompatible waters[J].J.Petro.Technol.,1982,34:273
[22]Wang L,Tang H W,Gao Y.Study of gathering system scaling prediction[J].Pipeline Tech.Equip.,2012,(3):12(王磊,唐红伟,高雨.油气田地面集输系统结垢预测模型研究[J].管道技术与设备,2012,(3):12)
[23]Huo J.A studu on salt mine brine scaling trend forecast and antiscaling research[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2011(霍静.盐矿井卤水结垢趋势预测及管道防垢研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2011)
[24]Gao Y J.Study of influncing factors and treatment measures on scale forming in oilfield pipeline[D].Daqing:Daqing Petroleum Institute,2010(高英杰.油田管道成垢影响因素及治理措施研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2010)
[25]Zhang H.Prediction model of oil field scaling and scaling of the barium sulfate solution[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2012(张合.油田结垢及硫酸钡结垢预测模型求解[D].成都:西南石油大学,2012)
[26]Zhang C C.Study on the scaling monitoring of circulating water and the treatment of organic wastewater[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2011(张翠翠.循环水的结垢监测以及有机污水处理方法研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011)
[27]He G Z.Scale formation and its treatment on oi1 gathering and transferring systems[J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Eng.,1986,(5):26(何光中.原油集输系统的结垢及处理[J].油田地面工程,1986,(5):26)
[28]Lu Z W.Development and present status of condenser dirt monitoring[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2011,24(6):23(鲁兆伟.凝汽器污垢监测的发展和现状[J].广东电力,2011,24(6):23)
[29]Lin C G.Fouling performance monitoring based on the temperature and pressure signals of heat exchanger[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012(林春光.基于温压信号的换热器结垢性能监测[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012)
[30]Kuwahara T,Wibowo C,Kuboyama A,et al.Fouling monitoring in thermosiphon reboiler[J].Heat Transf.Eng.,2015,36:780
[31]Li J L,Zhai Z Y,Wang J Z,et al.On-line fouling monitoring model of condenser in coal-fired power plants[J].Appl.Therm.Eng.,2016,104:628
[32]Izadi M,Aidun D K,Marzocca P,et al.Experimental investigation of fouling behavior of 90/10 Cu/Ni tube by heat transfer resistance monitoring method[J].J.Heat Transf.,2011,133:101801
[33]Yang D Z,Liu J H,E X X,et al.Model for seawater fouling and effects of temperature,flow velocity and surface free energy on seawater fouling[J].Chin.J.Chem.Eng.,2016,24:658
[34]Bott T R.Monitoring biofouling mitigation techniques[A].Proceedings of the 2000 National Heat Transfer Conference[C].New York:American Society of Mechanical Engineers,2000:45
[35]Wang F.Study on the compatibility of yanhe water and wastewater with formation water[J].China Petrol.Chem.Standard Qual.,2013,34(4):79(王芳.关于对延河水、混合污水与地层水配伍性的研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,34(4):79)
[36]Wei P F,Zou B,Wang C H,et al.Study on the removing of barium and strontium sulfate scale[J].Environ.Prot.Chem.Ind.,2005,25(3):188(魏平方,邹斌,王春宏等.硫酸钡锶垢去除研究[J].化工环保,2005,25(3):188)
[37]Liu Z Z,Guo H J,Wang H.Influence of polymer on the scaling of calcium carbonate in produced water using EQCM[J].Oilfield Chem.,2014,31:117(刘宗昭,郭海军,王虎.用EQCM研究油田采出水中聚合物对碳酸钙垢生长的影响规律[J].油田化学,2014,31:117)
[38]Wang H,Chen L J,Tang J L,et al.Studies on the scaling pattern of calcium carbonate and the influence of scale inhibitor by using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance technique[J].Oilfield Chem.,2016,33:345(王虎,陈龙驹,唐鋆磊等.采用电化学石英晶体微天平研究碳酸钙垢生长规律及阻垢剂的影响[J].油田化学,2016,33:345)
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