气象因子在宣城茶叶区划中的应用
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摘要
根据宣城地区1981~2010年茶叶产量与气象、土壤和地形因子的相关分析,结合宣城全市区域站2012~2013年的逐日气温和降水资料,筛选出茶叶区划指标为6个气象因子(≥10℃有效积温、3~4月份降水量、3~4月份平均气温、夏季低云量、冬季总云量和干燥度)、3个地形因子(海拔高度及坡度、坡向)和2个土壤因子(土壤质地和土壤pH),采用加权指数求和法,建立宣城地区茶叶综合区划评估模型,借助GIS技术,将宣城地区茶产区划分为最适宜区、适宜区、一般适宜区和不适宜区。结果表明,宣城地区茶树最适宜区面积61.7 km2,约占宣城地域面积的0.5%,主要集中海拔高度在193~401 m的山区;茶树适宜区面积6 694.7 km2,约占宣城地域面积的54.2%;茶树一般适宜区面积5 593.4 km2,约占宣城地域面积的45.3%。
According to the analysis of the relationships among tea yield,meteorological conditions,soil conditions and topographic conditions during 1981- 2010 in Xuancheng Area,combined with daily temperature and precipitation data during 2012- 2013 from the regional stations in Xuancheng Area,regionalization indices including 6 climate factors(the ≥10 ℃ effective temperature,March and April precipitation,March and April average temperature,Low cloud cover in summer,Total cloud cover in winter,Dryness),3 topographic factors(altitude and slope,aspect) and 2 soil factors(soil texture and soil pH),using the weighted index summation method,the evaluation model for comprehensive regionalization was established.With GIS technology,Xuancheng tea-producing areas will be divided into the most suitable area,suitable area,general suitable area and unsuitable area.The results showed the most suitable area is 61.7 km2,accounting for 0.5% of the geographical area of Xuancheng,The most suitable area mainly distributed at the altitude of 193- 401 m in the mountains.Tea suitable area is 6 694.7km2,accounting for 54.2% of the geographical area of Xuancheng.Tea generally suitable area is 5 593.4 km2,accounting for 45.3% of Xuancheng geographical area.
According to the analysis of the relationships among tea yield,meteorological conditions,soil conditions and topographic conditions during 1981- 2010 in Xuancheng Area,combined with daily temperature and precipitation data during 2012- 2013 from the regional stations in Xuancheng Area,regionalization indices including 6 climate factors(the ≥10 ℃ effective temperature,March and April precipitation,March and April average temperature,Low cloud cover in summer,Total cloud cover in winter,Dryness),3 topographic factors(altitude and slope,aspect) and 2 soil factors(soil texture and soil pH),using the weighted index summation method,the evaluation model for comprehensive regionalization was established.With GIS technology,Xuancheng tea-producing areas will be divided into the most suitable area,suitable area,general suitable area and unsuitable area.The results showed the most suitable area is 61.7 km2,accounting for 0.5% of the geographical area of Xuancheng,The most suitable area mainly distributed at the altitude of 193- 401 m in the mountains.Tea suitable area is 6 694.7km2,accounting for 54.2% of the geographical area of Xuancheng.Tea generally suitable area is 5 593.4 km2,accounting for 45.3% of Xuancheng geographical area.
引文
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[4]周治国,曹卫星,朱艳.基于GIS的作物生产管理信息系统[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(1):114-118.
[5]魏丽,殷剑敏,王怀清.GIS支持下的江西省优质早稻种植气候区划[J].中国农业气象,2002,23(2):27-31.
[6]金志风,尚华勤.GIS技术在常山县胡柚种植气候区划中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2003,19(3):153-155.
[7]苏永秀,丁美花,李政.GIS在广西龙眼种植优化布局中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(12):145-149.
[8]盛绍学,霍治国,石磊.江淮地区小麦涝渍灾害风险评估与区划[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(5):985-990.
[9]田玲.区域自动站运行有效性及评价方法设计[J].陕西气象,2011(6):16-18.
[10]赵煜飞,任芝花,张强.适用于全国气象自动站正点相对湿度资料的质量控制方法[J].气象科学,2011,31(6):687-693.
[11]李嫦,闻春华,黄玲.江西省区域自动气象站监控软件的设计与应用[J].气象水文海洋仪器,2012(4):93-96.
[12]陈皎,江丽.重庆市山洪地质灾害防治气象保障工程项目建设管理与思考[J].贵州气象,2013,37(4):58-62.
[13]陈皎.关于重庆市区域自动气象站社会化保障的思考[J].贵州气象,2013,37(1):53-55.
[14]汪春园.茶叶品质与海拔高度及其生态因子的关系[J].生态学杂志,1996,15(1):57-60.
[15]张玮玮.湖北省茶树气候区划及其干旱风险评价[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2011.
[16]王林林.基于DEM的山东省茶树优生区气候因子模拟[D].济南:山东师范大学,2007.
[17]金志凤.基于GIS及气候土壤地形因子的浙江省茶树栽培适宜性评价[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(3):231-236.
[18]王茂香.日照市茶树适生环境的自然区域划分研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2012.
[19]金志风,邓睿.基于GIS的浙江杨梅种植区划[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(8):214-218.
[20]王斌.ATP方法中关于判断矩阵一致性的研究[J].装备指挥技术学院学报,2001,13(5):100-103.