江苏徐淮平原农田林网防风效果初探
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摘要
防风效益是防护林最基本最重要的生态效益。该研究通过分析徐淮平原的典型区域宿迁泗洪县陈圩林场近1 a内的风速实时监测数据,比较研究该农田林网新造林的防风效果。结果表明:新造林具有一定的防风效果。在背风面的1 H(树高)—20 H内,随着距林带距离的增加,林带防风效能逐渐提高,新造林的迎风面1 H和背风面1H的风速频数百分比差异不大,建议在今后的林业工作中,应对该林带的风速进行长期实时监测,为农田林网的建设工作提供有效的数据基础和科学依据。
Wind reduction is a most fundamental and important ecological benefit. By analysis of real-time monitoring data of wind speed of the typical area of Xuhuai Plain,i. e. Chenwei Forest Farm in Sihong County within a year,a comparative study of windproof efficiency in new farmland afforestation was made. The results showed that new afforestation had certain an anti-wind effect. The protection efficiency of poplar forest was considerable high. In the 1 H—20 H of the leeward side,with the increase of the distance from the forestbelt,the wind reduction efficiency of the newly made forests was gradually improved. Percentages of wind speed,frequency between 1 H of both windward and leeward sides were not very different. It was suggested that in future forestry work,the meteorological indicators should be monitored in real time,and then a scientific basis for the construction of farmland shelterbelt could be provided.
Wind reduction is a most fundamental and important ecological benefit. By analysis of real-time monitoring data of wind speed of the typical area of Xuhuai Plain,i. e. Chenwei Forest Farm in Sihong County within a year,a comparative study of windproof efficiency in new farmland afforestation was made. The results showed that new afforestation had certain an anti-wind effect. The protection efficiency of poplar forest was considerable high. In the 1 H—20 H of the leeward side,with the increase of the distance from the forestbelt,the wind reduction efficiency of the newly made forests was gradually improved. Percentages of wind speed,frequency between 1 H of both windward and leeward sides were not very different. It was suggested that in future forestry work,the meteorological indicators should be monitored in real time,and then a scientific basis for the construction of farmland shelterbelt could be provided.
引文
[1]朱廷耀,关德新,等.农田防护林生态工程学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.
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[4]孟平,张劲松,樊巍,等.中国复合农林业研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[5]任志斌,赵文智,屈连宝.黑河中游绿洲防护林的防护效益分析[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(1):79-82.
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[8]姜凤岐,朱教君,曾德惠,等.防护林经营学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[9]于政中.森林经理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
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[12]胡海波,张金池,鲁小珍.我国沿海防护林体系环境效应的研究[J].世界林业研究,2001,14(5):37-43.
[13]罗美娟.沿海木麻黄防护林生态作用研究进展[J].防护林科技,2002,1(3):46-47.
[14]符亚儒,封斌,麻宝林,等.陕北愉林风沙区防风固沙林体系结构配置与效益研究[J].西北林学院学报,2005,20(2):18-23.
[15]WINSTRAL A,MARKS D,GURNEY R.An efficient method for distuributing wind speeds over heterogeneous terrain[J].Hydrological Processes,2009,23(17):2526-2535.
[16]ALONSO PONCE R,LOPEZ SENESPLEDA E,SANCHEZ PALOMARES O.A novel application of the ecological field theory to the definition of physiographic and climatic potential areas of forest species[J].European Journal of Forest Research,2010,129:119-131.
[17]宗萍萍,鲍玉海,杨吉华,等.黄泛沙地小网格农田防护林网防护效应的研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(6):110-130.
[2]曹新孙,朱廷耀,姜凤歧,等.农田防护林学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1983.
[3]范志平,曾德慧,等.农田防护林生态作用特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(4):130-140.
[4]孟平,张劲松,樊巍,等.中国复合农林业研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[5]任志斌,赵文智,屈连宝.黑河中游绿洲防护林的防护效益分析[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(1):79-82.
[6]李春平,关文彬,范志平,等.农田防护林生态系统结构研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,14(11):2037-2042.
[7]张纪林,康立新,季永华.沿海林网10种模式的区域性防风效果评价[J].南京林业大学学报,1997,33(1):151-155.
[8]姜凤岐,朱教君,曾德惠,等.防护林经营学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[9]于政中.森林经理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
[10]尹秋菊.海南岛西部沿海防护林防风固沙效益研究[D].广州:华南师范大学,2005.
[11]PERI P L,BLOOMBERG M.Windbreaks in southern Patagonia,Argentina:A review of research on growth models,windspeed reduction,and effects on corps[J].Agroforestry Systems,2002,56(2):129-144.
[12]胡海波,张金池,鲁小珍.我国沿海防护林体系环境效应的研究[J].世界林业研究,2001,14(5):37-43.
[13]罗美娟.沿海木麻黄防护林生态作用研究进展[J].防护林科技,2002,1(3):46-47.
[14]符亚儒,封斌,麻宝林,等.陕北愉林风沙区防风固沙林体系结构配置与效益研究[J].西北林学院学报,2005,20(2):18-23.
[15]WINSTRAL A,MARKS D,GURNEY R.An efficient method for distuributing wind speeds over heterogeneous terrain[J].Hydrological Processes,2009,23(17):2526-2535.
[16]ALONSO PONCE R,LOPEZ SENESPLEDA E,SANCHEZ PALOMARES O.A novel application of the ecological field theory to the definition of physiographic and climatic potential areas of forest species[J].European Journal of Forest Research,2010,129:119-131.
[17]宗萍萍,鲍玉海,杨吉华,等.黄泛沙地小网格农田防护林网防护效应的研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(6):110-130.