粤东亚热带森林群落树种组成对苔藓植物分布的影响
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摘要
为探究森林群落树种组成对苔藓植物分布的影响,利用多元统计方法研究粤东亚热带地区苔藓植物的组成和分布对林分类型的响应。根据森林乔木层的树种组成划分为翻白叶树(Pterospermum heterophyllum)、木荷(Schima superba)+米锥(Castanopsis carlesii)和米锥3种森林类型。结果表明,3种森林类型中苔类(liverworts)和藓类(mosses)植物群落组成特征总体上存在显著差异;双齿裂萼苔(Chiloscyphus latifolius)和细指苔(Kurzia gonyotricha)在3种类型林分中的重要值变化指示了苔类植物群落的差异。3种类型林分中,均以东亚拟鳞叶藓(Pseudotaxiphyllum pohliaecarpum)为优势种。不同林分中藓类植物种类组成主要表现为亚优种分布的不同。这表明森林群落树种组成作为重要的生物因子,对林内苔藓植物的分布和种类组成有重要影响。
In order to understand the effects of tree species composition in forest community on distribution of bryophytes, the responses of species composition and distribution of bryophytes to forest types in the subtropical forest communities of eastern Guangdong were studied by using multivariate methods. Forest stands were classified into 3 types according to tree species composition, such as Pterospermum heterophyllum, Schima superba + Castanopsis carlesii, and C. carlesii communities. The results showed that the species composition and distribution of both liverworts and mosses had significant difference among three forest stands. The difference in importance values(IV) for Chiloscyphus latifolius and Kurzia gonyotricha among the forest stands indicated the overall variations in liverwort distribution. The moss species, Pseudotaxiphyllum pohliaecarpum, dominated in all of three forest stands, and the difference in moss species composition was represented by the distribution of sub-dominant moss species among the forest stands. So, it was suggested that as the important biotic factors, the tree species composition of forest communities had significant influence on the species composition and distribution of bryophytes.
In order to understand the effects of tree species composition in forest community on distribution of bryophytes, the responses of species composition and distribution of bryophytes to forest types in the subtropical forest communities of eastern Guangdong were studied by using multivariate methods. Forest stands were classified into 3 types according to tree species composition, such as Pterospermum heterophyllum, Schima superba + Castanopsis carlesii, and C. carlesii communities. The results showed that the species composition and distribution of both liverworts and mosses had significant difference among three forest stands. The difference in importance values(IV) for Chiloscyphus latifolius and Kurzia gonyotricha among the forest stands indicated the overall variations in liverwort distribution. The moss species, Pseudotaxiphyllum pohliaecarpum, dominated in all of three forest stands, and the difference in moss species composition was represented by the distribution of sub-dominant moss species among the forest stands. So, it was suggested that as the important biotic factors, the tree species composition of forest communities had significant influence on the species composition and distribution of bryophytes.
引文
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[2]RYDIN H,GOFFINET B.Population and community ecology of bryophytes[M]//GOFFINET B,SHAW A J.Bryophyte Biology.New York:Cambridge University Press,2009:393-444.doi:10.1017/CBO9780511754807.011.
[3]LINDO Z,GONZALEZ A.The bryosphere:An integral and influential component of the earth’s biosphere[J].Ecosystems,2010,13(4):612-627.doi:10.1007/s10021-010-9336-3.
[4]TIAN W L,SUN S Q.Ecological functions of bryophyte:Recent research progress[J].Chin J Ecol,2011,30(6):1265-1269.doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2011.0234.田维莉,孙守琴.苔藓植物生态功能研究新进展[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(6):1265-1269.doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2011.0234.
[5]TIAN Y L,WANG W H,YAN T Y,et al.Species diversity of floor bryophytes in different vegetations in Baihua Mountain National Nature Reserve,Beijing,China[J].Bull Bot Res,2013,33(4):398-403.doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2013.04.003.田晔林,王文和,颜亭玉,等.北京百花山自然保护区不同植被地面生苔藓植物物种多样性[J].植物研究,2013,33(4):398-403.doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2013.04.003.
[6]KIRáLY I,NASCIMBENE J,TINYA F,et al.Factors influencing epiphytic bryophyte and lichen species richness at different spatial scales in managed temperate forests[J].Biodiv Conserv,2013,22(1):209-223.doi:10.1007/s10531-012-0415-y.
[7]óDOR P,KIRáLY I,TINYA F,et al.Reprint of:patterns and drivers of species composition of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens in managed temperate forests[J].For Ecol Manage,2014,321:42-51.doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2014.01.035.
[8]JONSSON M,KARDOL P,GUNDALE M J,et al.Direct and indirect drivers of moss community structure,function,and associated microfauna across a successional gradient[J].Ecosystems,2015,18(1):154-169.doi:10.1007/s10021-014-9819-8.
[9]GOSSELIN M,FOURCIN D,DUMAS Y,et al.Influence of forest tree species composition on bryophytic diversity in mixed and pure pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)and oak(Quercus petraea(Matt.)Liebl.)stands[J].For Ecol Manage,2017,406:318-329.doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.09.067.
[10]SPITALE D.Forest and substrate type drive bryophyte distribution in the Alps[J].J Bryol,2017,39(2):128-140.doi:10.1080/03736687.2016.1274090.
[11]JIANG T T,YANG X C,ZHONG Y L,et al.Population distribution and pattern analysis of terrestrial bryophytes in Kanghe Nature Reserve,Guangdong Province[J].Ecol Environ Sci,2018,27(5):818-826.doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2018.05.004.蒋甜甜,杨学成,钟泳林,等.广东康禾自然保护区地面苔藓种群分布与格局分析[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(5):818-826.doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2018.05.004.
[12]JIA Y,WU P C,WANG M Z.Bryoflora of Mt.Wutong,Shenzhen city,South China[J].Guizhou Sci,2001,19(4):16-22.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6563.2001.04.005.贾渝,吴鹏程,汪楣芝.深圳梧桐山苔藓植物区系[J].贵州科学,2001,19(4):16-22.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6563.2001.04.005.
[13]ZHANG L,CORLETT R T.Phytogeography of Hong Kong bryophytes[J].J Biogeogr,2003,30(9):1329-1337.doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00947.x.
[14]LIU W Q,LEI C Y,DAI X H.Bryophyte communities in the forest of Heishiding Nature Reserve,Guangdong,China[J].J Trop Subtrop Bot,2007,15(6):538-544.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3395.2007.06.011.刘蔚秋,雷纯义,戴小华.广东黑石顶森林苔藓植物群落特征初探[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2007,15(6):538-544.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3395.2007.06.011.
[15]WU D L,ZHANG L.Bryophyte Flora of Guangdong[M].Guanzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press,2013:1-552.吴德邻,张力.广东苔藓志[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2013:1-552.
[16]FAN Z J,HUANG Z L.A preliminary study on the phytogeography of bryoflora of Dinghushan National Nature Reserve,Guangdong Province[J].Guangdong Agric Sci,2015,42(1):150-156.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2015.01.033.范宗骥,黄忠良.广东鼎湖山自然保护区苔藓植物区系初步分析[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(1):150-156.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2015.01.033.
[17]CONDIT R.Tropical Forest Census Plots:Methods and Results from Barro Colorado Island,Panama and A Comparison with Other Plots[M].Berlin:Springer,1998:1-202.
[18]BARBIER S,GOSSELIN F,BALANDIER P.Influence of tree species on understory vegetation diversity and mechanisms involved:A critical review for temperate and boreal forests[J].For Ecol Manage,2008,254(1):1-15.doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.038.
[19]GRAU O,GRYTNES J A,BIRKS H J B.A comparison of altitudinal species richness patterns of bryophytes with other plant groups in Nepal,Central Himalaya[J].J Biogeogr,2007,34(11):1907-1915.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01745.x.
[20]VIRTANEN R,ESKELINEN A,HARRISON S.Comparing the responses of bryophytes and short-statured vascular plants to climate shifts and eutrophication[J].Funct Ecol,2017,31(4):946-954.doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12788.
[21]KONCZ P,HERMANUTZ L,MARINO P,et al.Bryophyte community diversities and expected change under a warming climate in contrasting habitats of the Torngat Mountains,Labrador[J].Bryologist,2018,121(2):174-182.doi:10.1639/0007-2745-121.2.174.